APUSH Period 9 Speed Review

Summary

APUSH students, it's time to review Period 9! This unit, while one of the shortest, includes significant events and policies from the 1980s to the 2000s. You won't see it in a DBQ, but it's key for multiple-choice questions. Prepare to delve into the Reagan era, the end of the Cold War, Clinton's policies, and the transformative presidencies of Bush and Obama. Period 9 encompasses economic shifts, globalization, and domestic changes. Sharpen your focus on the highlights to ace your AP exam!

Highlights

• Reagan's election in 1980 marked a shift to conservative policies and Reaganomics, stirring ongoing debates. 🤔
• The Iran-Contra affair under Reagan raised national questions and impacted his approval ratings. 📉
• George HW Bush saw successes in foreign policy but lost to Clinton due to domestic economic issues. 🌐
• Clinton's presidency was notable for NAFTA and budget reform but marred by impeachment proceedings. 🗳️
• The contested 2000 election brought George W. Bush to power, focusing on terrorism post-9/11. 🚨
• Obama's presidency was historic for healthcare reform and economic recovery efforts during the Great Recession. 🏥

Key Takeaways

• Period 9 is crucial for multiple-choice sections, focusing on major events from the 1980s to the 2000s. 📚
• Reagan's policies and the end of the Cold War are pivotal moments covered in this period. 🌍
• Key presidencies include Clinton's NAFTA and impeachment, Bush's domestic policies, and Obama's historic win. 🏛️
• Economic changes and globalization significantly shape the narratives of Period 9, affecting politics and society. 📈
• Understanding the social impacts, like immigration shifts and technology, is vital for grasping this period. 💬

Overview

APUSH Period 9 is packed with intriguing developments, starting with the election of Ronald Reagan in 1980. His promises of conservative reforms and a reduced government presence in the economy set the stage. Reagan's administration faced scrutiny with the Iran-Contra affair, even as it played a critical role in ending the Cold War. This era was colored by economic and political shifts, making it crucial for students to grasp these transformations as they prepare for their exams.

Transitioning into the 90s, George HW Bush's presidency was heavily influenced by foreign policy achievements amidst domestic challenges. Clinton then entered the scene with promises of economic reform and inclusivity, symbolized by the controversial 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell' policy. However, his impeachment overshadowed his legislative successes. Understanding these complexities offers students a broader perspective on the political landscape during this time.

The dawn of the 21st century saw George W. Bush tackle major global and domestic crises. Following the traumatic events of 9/11, his administration focused on national security and combating terrorism. The economic recession in 2008 posed additional challenges, leading to Barack Obama's historic election. Obama's tenure was marked by significant healthcare reform and efforts to stabilize the economy, representing a new era in American leadership. Period 9's transformative events provide a comprehensive look at America's recent past, essential for APUSH students.

Chapters

• 00:00 - 00:30: Introduction In the Introduction chapter, students are provided with an overview of what they need to study for period 9 in their AP course. They are encouraged to use a review sheet, available via a link in the description, to identify people, events, or vocabulary they are unfamiliar with, and check them off as they master the topics. The chapter notes that period 9 is one of the shortest units, implying it may not feature heavily on the AP exam, particularly in the Document-Based Question (DBQ) section.
• 00:30 - 01:30: Ronald Reagan's Presidency Ronald Reagan won the 1980 election against incumbent Jimmy Carter by promising to implement conservative policies and reduce government intervention. His economic strategy, known as Reaganomics, focused on supply-side economics, tax cuts, and deregulation. While some credit Reaganomics with boosting economic growth, others criticize it for widening the wealth gap and increasing the national debt. The influence of the Moral Majority and religious conservative groups also played a significant role in his election victory.
• 01:30 - 02:30: George H.W. Bush's Presidency George H.W. Bush's presidency was preceded by controversies during the Reagan Administration, notably the Iran Contra affair. This involved the illegal sale of arms to Iran, with the proceeds being funneled to support anti-communist rebels in Nicaragua. The scandal raised questions about Reagan's knowledge of these illegal activities and led to a decline in his approval ratings. Despite these issues, Reagan's administration made significant strides in national defense and played a crucial role in ending the Cold War by easing tensions with the Soviet Union. Reagan's calls for openness in Eastern Europe, including his famous challenge to Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to 'tear down that wall', marked a pivotal moment in the era.
• 02:30 - 03:30: Bill Clinton's Presidency The chapter covers the presidency of Bill Clinton, starting with the fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989, underlining the end of the Cold War era. It mentions George HW Bush who won the 1988 presidential election largely due to Reagan's popularity and his well-known campaign promise: "Read my lips, no new taxes." Bush's presidency is also noted for the Persian Gulf War, also known as Desert Storm, which aimed to liberate Kuwait from Iraq's invasion and protect oil interests.
• 03:30 - 05:30: George W. Bush's Presidency The chapter titled 'George W. Bush's Presidency' highlights major events and outcomes during his time in office. One of the significant achievements was the success of the Persian Gulf War led by a US coalition, marked by low casualties and considered a military triumph. Additionally, Bush's term saw the end of the Cold War with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Despite these foreign policy successes, Bush lost re-election to Democrat Bill Clinton, primarily due to an economic recession. This downturn compelled him to break his 'no new taxes' promise. Additionally, third-party candidate Ross Perot's participation in the election affected the outcomes. Bill Clinton eventually won the 1992 election by presenting himself as a more moderate candidate.
• 05:30 - 07:30: Barack Obama's Presidency Clinton's presidency saw efforts to lift the ban on gay and lesbian service members, with the controversial 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell' policy, which allowed them to serve as long as they were not openly homosexual. Another significant policy was the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between the United States, Mexico, and Canada, designed to reduce trade barriers and foster economic cooperation.
• 07:30 - 09:30: Economic and Social Changes This chapter discusses the economic and social changes during the tenure of President Bill Clinton, highlighting his administration's budget reform achievements, including reducing the federal deficit through tax increases on high-income individuals and spending cuts. However, Clinton's presidency was marred by impeachment proceedings over charges related to his affair with Monica Lewinsky, though he was acquitted by the Senate. The chapter also touches on the highly contested 2000 presidential election, which was won by Republican George W. Bush, son of George H.W. Bush.
• 09:30 - 11:30: Immigration and Political Changes The chapter discusses the challenges faced during President Bush's presidency, including the Supreme Court case Bush VOR, federal response to Hurricane Katrina, and the severe economic recession in 2008 known as the Great Recession. This recession was attributed to the lack of oversight in the financial industry, leading to poor lending practices and a housing crisis. Additionally, the chapter covers the No Child Left Behind Act, a significant legislative achievement from his presidency, which set standards for academic achievement and accountability for schools. However, this policy faced criticism for its emphasis.
• 11:30 - 13:00: Exam Preparation Tips The chapter titled 'Exam Preparation Tips' addresses the impact of the September 11th, 2001 attacks on U.S. foreign policy and national security. It highlights the commencement of the War on Terror under President Bush's administration. In response to these attacks, the U.S. government enacted the USA Patriot Act, which increased surveillance and law enforcement capabilities to counteract terrorism threats. Furthermore, President Bush established the Department of Homeland Security to enhance America's defense mechanisms against potential future terrorist threats.

APUSH Period 9 Speed Review Transcription

• 00:00 - 00:30 hey P students let's cover everything you need for period 9 before we start pronounce the free speed review sheet you can find the link in the description below right now look at period 9 Circle any people events or vocab things that you don't quite remember that you know you want to focus on as we review then as you're confident that you've mastered these topics you can check them off and move on to the next one all right here we go period 9 is one of the shortest units in a push so you'll likely only see a few questions on your AP exam you'll never see period 9 in a DBQ but you're highly
• 00:30 - 01:00 likely to see it in the multiple choice section Ronald Reagan won the election of 1980 against Democrat incumbent Jimmy Carter during his campaign he promised to implement conservative policies and reduce government intervention in the economy the support of groups like the Moral Majority also helped him win the election his Economic Policy was known as ronom and emphasized supply side economics tax cuts and deregulation the impact of Reaganomics continues to be debated while some argue that it improved economic growth others criticize Regan nomics for widening the wealth Gap and increasing the national debt The Regan Administration was also
• 01:00 - 01:30 criticized for their role in the Iran Contra affair this event involved the illegal sale of arms to Iran with the profits being used to fund anti-communist rebels in Nicaragua ultimately Americans questioned how much Reagan actually knew about these illegal acts which caused his approval ratings to drop Reagan's Administration also focused on National Defense Regan's policies also helped bring an end to the Cold War he eased tensions by opening lines of communication with Soviet leader Mel gorbachov he also challenged gorbachov to tear down that wall calling on him to bring greater freedom and openness to Eastern Europe Miss Mr
• 01:30 - 02:00 gorbachov teared down this wall ultimately the Berlin Wall fell on November 9th 1989 George HW Bush Reagan's vice president won the presidential election of 1988 this was due to Reagan's popularity and his campaign promise read my lips no new taxes Bush's presidency included the Persian Gulf War also known as Desert Storm the goal of this military operation was to liberate Kuwait from Iraq's Invasion and and to protect oil
• 02:00 - 02:30 reserves in the region with the US leading a coalition of international forces and achieving its objective with relatively low casualties the Persian Gulf War was considered a military success Bush's presidency also saw the end of the Cold War with a dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 despite his foreign policy successes Bush lost his reelection to Democrat Bill Clinton his loss was attributed to an economic recession which forced him to break his promise on no new taxes and the addition of third party candidate Ross perau ultimately Bill Clinton won the election of 1992 running as a more moderate new
• 02:30 - 03:00 democrat one of Clinton's campaign promises was lifting the long-standing ban of gay and lesbian individuals enlisting in the American armed forces although his don't ask don't tell Bill technically fulfilled this promise it was controversial while it prohibited discrimination against service men and women based on their sexual orientation it also banned individuals who were openly gay in lesbian from serving in the military one major policy achievement of the Clinton Administration was the NAFTA agreement between the United States Mexico and Canada this aimed to reduce trade barriers and promote economic cooperation in North America a domestic
• 03:00 - 03:30 success of the Clinton Administration was the budget reform where he was able to reduce the federal deficit by increasing taxes on high inome individuals while also cutting spending however most of Clinton's achievements were overshadowed by his impeachment proceedings the house brought charges of perjury and obstruction of justice in regards to Clinton's testimony about his affair with intern Monica Lewinsky but he was acquitted in the Senate Republican George W bush son of George H W bush won the presidential election of 2000 this was one of the most contested presidential elections in American history which ultimately had to be
• 03:30 - 04:00 decided in the Supreme Court with the case Bush VOR Bush faced a series of challenges during his presidency including the federal response to Hurricane Katrina and a Severe economic recession the 2008 economic crisis was caused by a lack of oversight in the financial industry including poor lending practices which led to a housing crisis this is also known as the Great Recession one of his most important pieces of legislation was the No Child Left Behind Act this set standards for academic achievement and held schools more accountable for student performance but some criticized this policy especially for it emphasis on
• 04:00 - 04:30 standardized testing but ultimately the bush presidency was dominated by arise and terrorism the war on terror started after the September 11th 2001 attacks by Al-Qaeda on the World Trade Center which killed 2,977 Americans This marked a significant shift in US foreign policy and national security measures in the aftermath of 9/11 the US government passed the USA Patriot Act which expanded surveillance and law enforcement powers to combat terrorism President Bush also created the department of H and security to better protect America from future attacks in
• 04:30 - 05:00 following 9/11 President Bush promised to bring down what he referred to as aess of evil American forces fought against terrorism in both Iraq and Afghanistan operation Iraqi Freedom focused on removing weapons of mass destruction from Iraq and bringing down Saddam Hussein operation during Freedom focused on ending the Taliban and Al-Qaeda as well as finding Osama bin Lan and history was made in 2008 when Barack Obama became the first African-American president of the US during his campaign Obama promised Healthcare reform this was achieved with the Affordable Care Act act often
• 05:00 - 05:30 referred to as Obamacare which aimed to expand Healthcare access to millions of Americans however conservatives opposed the law arguing that it represented government overreach and debated the constitutionality of individual mandates one of the major challenges Obama faced as president was the ongoing economic crisis as a result of the Great Recession he implemented a series of measures including the American Recovery and reinvestment act which sought to stabilize the economy create jobs and prevent similar economic collapses in the future Obama's presidency also oversaw the successful operation that led to the killing of Osama bin Laden
• 05:30 - 06:00 the leader behind the 9/11 terrorist attacks Obama also fulfilled his campaign promise to bring the troops home from Iraq and Afghanistan which ended the longest wars in American history America also experienced significant economic changes during period 9 globalization reshaped the world's economy with interdependence between nations this opened up new markets for American businesses but it also increased competition with overseas manufacturers because of this America experienced a decline in manufacturing especially in industrial states which became known as the rust belt this led
• 06:00 - 06:30 many Americans to leave the industrial Rust Belt cities and move to the Suburban Sun Belt region with the influx of Prior City dwellers into more rural regions the influence Southern States had on National politics increased significantly in period 9 we also see how technology reshaped America's society and economy the rise in personal computers impacted a variety of fields from business to finance and education to entertainment this also led to the creation of the internet which led to the doom boom online capabilities contributed to the globalization process economically but also Al impacted
• 06:30 - 07:00 society and culture with the rise of cell phones and social media platforms these new platforms connected people ideas and businesses across the globe this period saw a significant shift in Immigration which also inspired new immigration policies after 1980 the largest portion of American immigrants were coming from Latin America and Asia Census Data from 2010 revealed that Asians were the fastest growing immigrant group in America the number of Asian immigrants has doubled from 1970 to now and that's attributed to the Immigration Act of 1965 which lifted strict quotas on Asian immigrants significant immigration policies were
• 07:00 - 07:30 passed by several administrations Reagan approved the immigration reform and Control Act and Obama signed the DACA act so what does this look like on exam day for causation you could be asked about effects of Reagan's economic policies specifically Reaganomics College Board might also ask you about the causes and effects of globalization comparison questions might ask about recent political polarization specifically for you to compare conservative and liberal ideologies and for continuity and change you're likely to see questions about changes in foreign policy after the the Cold War so
• 07:30 - 08:00 be ready for multiple choice asking about America's involvement with the Middle East from Harry Truman to George W bush check out the aush ultimate review packet for more help we've got timeline study guides and Essay practice follow the link in the description below to get a free preview and if you think this video was helpful like And subscribe thanks for watching