Education Crisis & Reform In Asia’s Schools: A Look At Indonesia, China, India | Shifting Horizons

Summary

Highlights

• Indonesia's educational challenges stem from unqualified teachers and outdated methods. 🚸
• China's rural students often drop out due to irrelevant curriculums. 🌾
• Mental health issues in schools are a growing concern across Asia. 😟
• India's ed-tech boom hasn't yet significantly improved education outcomes. 💼
• There's a global push for educational reform but with varying results. 🌍

Key Takeaways

• Indonesia's education system struggles with quality despite near-universal enrollment. 🏫
• China faces significant rural-urban education disparities. 📚
• Mental health issues are widespread in school-aged children across Asia. 🧠
• Education technology has potential but isn't a magic bullet. 📲
• Reforms are underway in Asia's educational systems, but challenges remain. 🔄

Overview

Chapters

• 00:00 - 02:00: Introduction and Overview The chapter discusses the significant impact of Asia's demographic shifts on the world order, highlighting India, China, and Indonesia as central figures in leading global GDP growth. It notes that the Asia Pacific region houses over two billion people, positioning it as a crucial area in economic forecasts.
• 02:00 - 05:00: Challenges in Indonesia's Education System The chapter titled 'Challenges in Indonesia's Education System' starts by highlighting the potential of the young population, particularly those under 30, as a driving force for economic growth in the region, often referred to as the Asian Century. However, the narrative suggests that despite the promising demographic numbers, there are underlying issues that may not be immediately visible from the statistics alone. Shriti Gip Pati, the narrator, introduces herself as a journalist with global experience, setting the stage for an exploration into these hidden challenges within the Indonesian education system.
• 05:00 - 08:30: Indonesia's Education Policy and Vocational Schools This chapter explores the challenges and issues within Indonesia's education policy and vocational schools. It specifically examines the youth unemployment crisis affecting many young people in Asia, particularly in China, India, and Indonesia. The problem is partly attributed to shortcomings in the education system, leading to a learning crisis across these nations.
• 09:00 - 12:00: Rural-Urban Disparities in China's Education The chapter titled 'Rural-Urban Disparities in China's Education' addresses the critical issue of illiteracy rates in China, particularly focusing on rural areas. The World Bank reports high rates of functional illiteracy, estimating that over 60% of certain populations cannot read proficiently. The discussion points towards addressing these alarming statistics by ensuring foundational language skills are taught effectively from the beginning. Moreover, there is an exploration into the systemic challenges that exacerbate educational disparities between rural and urban regions in China.
• 13:00 - 16:12: Mental Health and Bullying in Asian Schools The chapter discusses the relationship between attending school and receiving a quality education, particularly how this affects the future prospects of youth. It highlights Indonesia's significant education reforms that began in 1945, leading to the expansion of compulsory education. The impact of these reforms on mental health and bullying in Asian schools, specifically in the context of Indonesia, forms a key focus of this chapter.
• 18:30 - 22:30: India's Educational Landscape and EdTech Boom The chapter discusses India's educational system and the growth of educational technology (EdTech). Significant progress has been made in school enrollment, with rates nearly reaching 100% in the 1990s. The country has achieved a favorable student-teacher ratio of 15:1 in secondary schools. However, underlying issues in the education sector still persist.
• 28:30 - 37:00: AI in Education in China and Workforce Needs Indra Kismi, with over 20 years of experience in analyzing education policy in Indonesia, highlights that despite the increased student enrollment, the quality of education remains low. Indonesia ranks poorly in the PISA scores, which assess reading, math, and science skills, indicating the need for significant improvement in the educational system.
• 37:00 - 43:00: Indonesia's Curriculum Reform and Teacher Platforms In the year 2000, Indonesia ranked third last out of 41 countries in the OECD's PISA rankings. Twenty-two years later, the country placed 69th out of 81 countries and economies. The World Bank characterizes the reading level of Indonesian students as functionally illiterate, highlighting that although they can read, they do not comprehend the material.
• 45:00 - 46:00: Conclusion and Future Prospects The chapter discusses a statement made by Nadim Makarim, the Minister of Education in 2022, acknowledging a learning crisis in Indonesia. It highlights the repetitive cycle of new ministers of education making curriculum changes and printing more books while failing to address the underlying issues affecting 50 million students in the country.

Education Crisis & Reform In Asia’s Schools: A Look At Indonesia, China, India | Shifting Horizons Transcription

• 00:00 - 00:30 [Music] Asia's demographic shifts are poised to redefine the world order with the Region's most populous nations India China and Indonesia at the epicenter these three countries are leading Global GDP growth projections and what's more Asia Pacific is home to more than two billion people
• 00:30 - 01:00 under the age of 30 the world looks at these young people as the Region's engine of growth and a generation who can realize the economic potential of the Asian Century but while the numbers are promising they don't quite tell the whole story my name is shriti Gip Pati and I'm a journalist and media professional with experience reporting on five continents I'm a journey across India
• 01:00 - 01:30 China and Indonesia to investigate the challenges young people in these nations face and uncover the solutions that can keep them on [Music] track so far I've seen the troubling reality of youth unemployment faced by young people across Asia part of the problem lies in the education system China India and Indonesia are facing a learning crisis
• 01:30 - 02:00 World Bank refer as as functionally illiterate I estimative is that the job out read was more than 60% High what can be done to resolve this alarming issue we make sure that they start with the right level of language understanding I want to find out what are the systemic challenges that stand
• 02:00 - 02:30 between going to school and getting a quality education and how is the stifling the future outlook for [Music] youth Indonesia's extensive education reforms which started in 1945 have seen the extension of compulsory education
• 02:30 - 03:00 for children from 6 to 12 years as well as the increase in the number of vocational schools as such the country has made substantial progress in school enrollment hitting Almost 100% in the 1990s and achieving a student teacher ratio of 15 to1 in secondary schools but despite this there are problems lurking beneath the surface [Music]
• 03:00 - 03:30 Indra kismi has been analyzing education policy in Indonesia for over 20 years the enrollment of the students in school increasing but the quality of Education itself is very very low if you look at the Piza score it basically measure three things reading skills math skills and science we are one of the worst education system in the were wow
• 03:30 - 04:00 okay in the year 2000 Indonesia rank third last out of 41 countries and economies in the oecd's Piza rankings fast forward 22 years it plays 69th out of 81 countries and economies our reading level World Bank refer as as functionally illiterate our Young Generation cannot learn anything because they can read but they don't understand what they're reading
• 04:00 - 04:30 in 2022 the minister of education then Nadim makarim publicly acknowledged that Indonesia was facing a learning crisis but how does that happen the sad thing is the government they just keep doing the same thing every uh new minister of Education appointed they just changed the curriculum printing more books we have 50 million students
• 04:30 - 05:00 250,000 schools 17,000 Islands but no plan at all while the Indonesian government spends at least 20% of its National Budget on education as mandated by the Constitution Indra says the focus historically has not been on improving the quality of teaching one of the recommendation uh how to improve our pizza score is we need to focus on teips but our government did not do that right
• 05:00 - 05:30 now here Denia a lot of teachers actually are not qualified to to teach back in 2008 I myself actually did a research 30% of high school English teacher in Jakarta don't know how to speak English at all can you imagine that in 2015 over 80% of the 1 6 million
• 05:30 - 06:00 teachers in Indonesia who took a competency test failed to reach the passing score the test was conducted on all the teachers throughout the country at all levels and subjects taught we have to create that the the best of the best are willing to be a teacher but our teachers get paid really really low to minimize that cost education doesn't work like that I mean you need to provide the best for the
• 06:00 - 06:30 teacher so they can teach their student the average salary of a primary school teacher is around $650 us a month which is comparable to that of a retail cashier and call center [Music] agent I'm at one of the country's top teacher trainings to see how they're fostering the Next Generation of
• 06:30 - 07:00 teachers they provide staff for both private and public schools there are 19 programs for a variety of subjects from preschool to University levels why is the teacher quality so low in Indonesia I'm not blaming the government but they open lot of study program offering teacher training when at the time booming the demand for teacher in 2015 Indonesia had 374 teacher
• 07:00 - 07:30 training institutes 32 government run and 324 private a world Bank report that same year revealed that a massive surplus of over 150,000 University trained teachers were produced despite the requirement of only 50 to 100,000 if they strict to the calculation of the supply and demand uh actually we don't need too many teacher
• 07:30 - 08:00 training program in many countries the number of teacher training student are very strict Rel selected yes Thailand brune and other country also Singapore we can see comparably M our teacher quality is quite low so we have to be part of the solution let's see our facilities here so the the room where the teacher
• 08:00 - 08:30 can monitor the teaching practice of the student so but the student couldn't see us you can monitor records video and audio and then give them feedback this is a practicum session for a secondary school e no mathematics class [Music] [Music]
• 08:30 - 09:00 the belief in education sector is more flying time you will be more ready to teach in the real situation so got to clock those miles yes you know I I teach uh at a university in in France I can tell you I had no such preparation before I went up in front of graduates you have to study again here at w yeah yeah
• 09:00 - 09:30 clearly 5,200 km away there's an education gap of a different kind China devoted 96 billion us to education in 2023 roughly 34.8% of the total government budget currently the country is in the middle of an ambitious Plan called China's educ ation modernization
• 09:30 - 10:00 2035 that aims to ensure inclusive and Equitable highquality education for all but while the country has made remarkable progress with almost 100% of those age 15 and above being able to read and write at a basic level a researcher has uncovered a hidden disparity in School attendance [Music]
• 10:00 - 10:30 this is a typical Urban Village in Beijing rural migrants they move to City for job opportunities they come here and maybe rent a very low cost space PhD candidate 1e has researched extensively on rural and urban Village literacy despite China's compulsory education scheme which mandates that all children between ages 6 to 15 have to attend school she's uncovered a worrying
• 10:30 - 11:00 phenomenon amongst rural students when we look at the data we're seeing a very high enrollment rate but your experience from your field research has been that they may not actually be attending school in my article I called this phenomenon as invisible job outs so you canot find them in the official data the reasons why official data didn't include such kind of job you know it's composer education 9 years right so
• 11:00 - 11:30 although they left school everyone should get a Graduation certificate of composer education so schools or individuals couldn't go against such kind of rules I gather that the schools aren't classifying these students as dropouts because they can't be seen to be non-compliant with the education policy do you have any sense of of how
• 11:30 - 12:00 high or low uh these Dropout rates could be I estimated that the dropout rate was more than 60% High when it became grade nine that's almost 2/3 of all rural students dropping out of school which is alarming considering rural communities make up around 35% of China's total population why why do you think kids
• 12:00 - 12:30 aren't going to school as much in the countryside from my perspective from educator the education system itself is not equal for Rural parents because the the curriculum the tax B is very Urban centered it's not for Rural societies their motivations became very low because I couldn't get high scores like the urban children and so what do they do if they don't go to school they stayed in the
• 12:30 - 13:00 rural uh rural society and engaged in agricultural work with their parents the more popular option that they they go to the cities like in this street you can find many youths they are working in the shops to maybe help their parents 7 years ago when I looked at the documents issued by the central government they said we did find still find some job out but it's because of their individual
• 13:00 - 13:30 reasons they are not fond of learning so they put the owners on individuals that they aren't interested in education even though we are providing them with the facilities and infrastructure to study [Music] yes a crisis is plaguing schoolgoing youths all across Asia in China it is
• 13:30 - 14:00 estimated that at least 30 million adolescents under 17 are struggling with emotional or behavioral problems stemming from mental pressures faced in school in Indonesia 34.9% of those aged 10 to 17 showed symptoms of a mental disorder in the past 12 months in India 23.3% of students under the age of 20 are struggling with psychiatric
• 14:00 - 14:30 [Music] disorders numerous studies that link bullying to mental health have been done a 2022 study found that Indonesia had the highest school bullying numbers in Southeast Asia half of all youth aged 12 to 17 experienced it at least [Music] once growing up I moved around a lot and
• 14:30 - 15:00 one thing I realized is that kids could be really cruel they could sense any sign of weakness if a kid was slightly different from them and really horn in on that I wonder if kids today have a different experience when they go to school this Secondary School sees an average of 2 to three cases of bullying
• 15:00 - 15:30 every year since 2022 they've been trying to resolve this problem a little differently zigz model nice to meet you nice to meet you
• 15:30 - 16:00 yeah yeah what does all this have to do it with your anti-bullying program
• 16:00 - 16:30 the body language is so strong you just know who the Bullies Are
• 16:30 - 17:00 [Applause] [Music] [Applause] I understand that you are all part of this anti-bullying program what does that look like in your day-to-day school life
• 17:00 - 17:30 have you ever witnessed any incidents of bullying since you arrived at the school
• 17:30 - 18:00 [Music] [Music] I've long seen mental Health be a taboo
• 18:00 - 18:30 subject in Asian Society cloaked in embarrassment and denial I'm now heartened to see young people be more forthcoming about the subject they're supported by resources that older Generations just didn't [Music] have going back to the country I grew up in India has one of the largest schoolgoing populations in the world with more than 260 million students at
• 18:30 - 19:00 elementary and secondary levels the country has come a long way over the past few decades with nearly 100% enrollment rates at the primary education level the overall literacy rate amongst those age 15 and above has also risen from 41% in 1981 to 77% as of 2023 [Music] in 2024 the Indian government announced
• 19:00 - 19:30 plans to spend over4 billion US on education but despite overall progress the variation in learning levels across the country is Stark one study suggests that the distribution of test scores in India is the second most unequal in the world with the top students performing on par with high income countries while the worst performing rank amongst the lowest in the world reasons for this variation are both
• 19:30 - 20:00 geographical and socioeconomic academic results are better in urban areas compared to rural while underprivileged communities in both lack access to Quality education in the early 2000s modern education technology made its appearance with the promise to level the playing field learn learning apps that offered supplementary tutoring support to the
• 20:00 - 20:30 school curriculum saw a huge rise in popularity with companies like Buu topper and vianu becoming household names and claiming to have millions of students signing [Music] [Applause] up Lely [Music] Cafe journalist pradep K Saha has spent years researching India's edtech boom why was there a hunger for this kind of
• 20:30 - 21:00 online education what was happening here what gave education technology a real boost was the introduction of Gio it's a mobile service provider in India in 2016 they started by offering free data which really was the kind of urea moment for Education technology you could be sitting in a small uh Village in uh Bihar or you could be sitting in Bombay but you could be watching the same data
• 21:00 - 21:30 points the same curriculum and if you go to a rala or if you go to a daily wage laborer they would give an arm and a limb and a liver so that their children can do better and the only way for them to come out of that rut is education more than 50% of the kids in those rural setups the students in grade five can't read the text of grade two stuff like that right so obviously there was a need t but things changed very quickly in
• 21:30 - 22:00 2022 if you look at the companies none of them are profitable today outcome of education is always measured by how many marks you get in what exams I don't think there has been proven data that any of these apps have actually helped that get better when a sector uh like education especially which is very slow to sort of change gets disrupted I would
• 22:00 - 22:30 assume that there would be a certain degree of turbulence the larger question here is can it provide any value in the future going forward has to provide there is no other way I think education technology is important right and it is the future it needs good Minds to come in with sustainability in their mind and not valuation and growth [Music]
• 22:30 - 23:00 education technology apps for students in India weren't the Silver Bullet they promised to be but when incorporated into physical learning institutes and in the right hands can they improve overall learning outcomes [Applause] after 30 odd years I'm back in an
• 23:00 - 23:30 elementary level English class in a private school trying my best to fit in what is the meaning of protested yes fan I'm against something against something very good San can I disclose the answer than very good I certainly didn't have a tablet and TV during my time in the classroom while India has a national curriculum
• 23:30 - 24:00 framework that lays guidelines for all public and private schools from preschool to grade 12 teaching staff can practice flexibility in implementation and teaching methods this private school implemented teaching AIDS in partnership with lead an educational technology company founded in 2012 how to teach a student is more important than what to teach in lead it's not the board and choc loan teacher
• 24:00 - 24:30 have a tab as a tool and the TV as a resource so there is a lesson plan in the tablet this is actually addressing the biggest problem that any teacher faced I get emotional when I say this because my mother is a teacher she has gone through the same Journey evening she has to prepare for the classes for the next day morning she has to cook do everything else so here when the teacher go to the classroom teacher have the ready lesson plan to teach I want
• 24:30 - 25:00 everybody to take your so far lolak says they have partnered with over 8,000 private and public schools across India impacting around 3 and a half million students okay class class yes yes in yesterday's class I Tau you what is Lup lupc strategies can anybody stand up and tell me what is lprc Method yes uh V l means look at the clue u means
• 25:00 - 25:30 understand the word p means predict the meaning R means read the sentence and c means check the meaning check the meaning is she correct yes ma okay one of their methods to improve knowledge retention is to put students on the spot shti please can you come and conduct this activity sure our queen of jant is Shi okay uh do I like walking no you don't like
• 25:30 - 26:00 walking do I like drawing no you cry do I like laughing you like laughing yes you like laughing okay this Crown fits so well to [Music] you disa has only been teaching English for a year but it looks as though she's been doing it for much longer as I'm
• 26:00 - 26:30 very new to this profession I was having a zero knowledge about teaching what was your experience studying in schools in Bangalore like we were byting the answers and when exams comes and we were writing it that's all so you were memorizing everything yeah memorizing everything and how is what you're doing currently similar or different to how you experienced education yourself actually totally different uh I'll be telling students to read the comprehension students will be reading the comprehension they'll be understanding the comprehension and
• 26:30 - 27:00 they'll be writing the answer for themselves the work is only guiding them so no Mass answers when I feel that the student has not understood any answer I'll make them stand up and I'll ask them the question so individual concentration willage okay very good from what I understood the classes here are not sorted by necessarily the age of the student but by their level of skill in a certain subject when we actually uh put the children on level based it is
• 27:00 - 27:30 easy for the teacher to teach and it is easy for the child to learn according to lead the grade 1 to8 students in this school in early 2023 had a 1.5 to 3year learning gap which closed to 1.24 by the year's end rather than Forst fitting them to grade four grade five we make sure that they start with the right level of language understanding with the initial reading right yes yes ma'am and when a teacher
• 27:30 - 28:00 used the resource we were able to understand whether that resource is used in the classroom through our backend tracking systems so these things help us to understand what kind of execution is happening in the [Music] [Applause] [Music] classroom one of the problems I've seen consistently come up in India when it comes to education is implementation what really struck me about what these
• 28:00 - 28:30 lead schools are doing is the tech enable tracking of how teachers are teaching their classes that's something that they've done right and at scale across schools in India could help change learning outcomes for students middle schools in China are also leveraging Tech in the classroom in 2022 suo China's Vice minister of
• 28:30 - 29:00 Education announced the country's push towards utilizing AI in teaching and learning in 2018 it was estimated that one in four schools in China was already using AI to grade essays
• 29:00 - 29:30 hi everyone hi nice to meet you nice to meet you too I'm the Eng teacher in this class take your seat so you are going to listen to two people Kevin Andia talking about plastic packet this Middle School introduced AI teaching AIDS in the classroom 2 years ago the grade 10 English class of 15 and 16 year olds is going to debate the pros and cons of plastic packaging
• 29:30 - 30:00 today okay let's start in the week when the government sets out its new environmental program Kevin MCC and Alicia Stewart consider the problem of food packaging waste apparently being created on it as we speak so I'm really hoping that I'm going to be able to keep up with these kids this device records my speech and grads the fluency all the recordings
• 30:00 - 30:30 flow into the system and can be played back anytime anywhere Alice agrees with Kevin on that she think should be changed so that it's recyclable thank the Chinese government has pledged financial support for the introduction of AI Educational Tools in primary and secondary schools one company that has
• 30:30 - 31:00 benefited from this is iFly Tech their AI technology has been deployed in 3600 schools across 28 provincial level administrative regions okay so let's invite our new student Okay C okay come here which one do you like okay maybe her maybe her yeah using plastic bags is a convenient solution to carrying goods but on the other hand we know that it comes with a significant Environmental concerns so maybe we need to ask AI for more
• 31:00 - 31:30 suggestions or opinions there are more eco-friendly Alternatives available such as reusable cloth bags paper bags or biodegradable Plastics chat GPD in the form of a pretty Chinese lady what a world we live in today and support policies that promote environmental stewardship okay she made some good points
• 31:30 - 32:00 did you face any hurdles what were the challenges like
• 32:00 - 32:30 [Music]
• 32:30 - 33:00 how are you grappling with that right now clearly there's a lot of support for techken schools this is part of China's
• 33:00 - 33:30 long-term plan to use AI to power all aspects of the economy which needs an AI competent Workforce how is the higher education system trying to meet this [Music] demand today China is the world's largest manufacturing Hub producing
• 33:30 - 34:00 31.6% of the global output its goal is to become a leading exporter of high-tech products this momentous push for technological dominance means that China needs to be able to compete in the hottest sector now the plan is to build 138 billion US AI industry by 2030 but for every five new AI jobs there are
• 34:00 - 34:30 only two qualified workers in the market according to myi China's alternative to LinkedIn hi I'm so nice to meet you will China's universities be able to pump out enough AI graduates in time this is the Beijing University of post and Telecommunications one of the first few colleges to offer an AI major back in 2006 there are now at least 500 other the universities with this
• 34:30 - 35:00 major so I understand that 500 universities in China are offering AI programs that's incredible is the head of the center for intelligence Science and Technology AI program and chungang an associate professor in the department
• 35:00 - 35:30 [Music]
• 35:30 - 36:00 I do your parents understand what you're studying no so what kind kind of jobs in AI do you think these courses are preparing
• 36:00 - 36:30 you for [Music]
• 36:30 - 37:00 when it comes to AI powered Solutions young people in China are taking leaps their Elders could never have imagined my guess the next big AI idea is coming from a
• 37:00 - 37:30 [Music] 20-year-old I learned earlier that Indonesia's learning crisis isn't a new phenomenon since 1945 the country has cycled through 11 National curriculum reforms its latest iteration was piloted in 2013 across several regions before being progressively implemented as mura blar Nationwide since
• 37:30 - 38:00 2019 unfortunately these reforms were not enough ever since participating in global Piza score rankings in the year 2000 the country has languished close to the bottom in 2022 the World Bank forecast a further 16-point decline in Indonesia's P reading scores but a new component of Mur blar was also launched in
• 38:00 - 38:30 2022 could this be the reform that tips the skills this is called the platform of madaka manga it was used as a platform to help teachers to um get access to the new curriculum Claudia leads a team of independent Consultants working with the Ministry of Education they have been tracking the implement ation of this platform and publish their initial findings in
• 38:30 - 39:00 2023 just within a few months it evolved to be a super app for the teachers after 1.5 years madaka manga already reached 80% of the grade 1 to 12 teachers Indonesia what are the results of this program been so far we actually surveyed over 100,000 teachers who has been um benefiting from the curriculum so um The Better Learning environments in the classroom is happening there is like
• 39:00 - 39:30 higher engagement from kids teachers now feel a stronger sense of ownership to their profession they are more motivated to move to Next Level to deliver the classes of course takes longer to see the impact right the Ministry of Education reported that the platform has penetrated over 42,000 primary and secondary schools as of November 2024 which represent present over 94% of all schools in
• 39:30 - 40:00 Indonesia the research sounds promising but I want to see it in action I'm headed to a school that's actually implemented this platform and all its fancy new tools I'm going to take a peek inside one of those classrooms and see what all those kids are up to [Music] [Music]
• 40:00 - 40:30 okay it's science class for these 11year olds today led by Miss sharafina
• 40:30 - 41:00 [Music] [Music] wow very impressive a semi- functioning model of a respiratory [Music] [Applause] system I think they're going to do a good job [Music]
• 41:00 - 41:30 my teammate alaro seems like quite the star student which are some of your favorite subjects that you like here science and math I want to be a scientist you want to be a scientist yes
• 41:30 - 42:00 can you show me other projects you've done in this classroom uh this one Al yes I drew the water cycle the water evaporates and then condensation condense and go to precipation and transpiration it seems like his hunger for learning is being cultivated in the classroom M Shar Aina used the new teacher platform to create the lesson
• 42:00 - 42:30 plan for [Music] [Music] today she spents over two hours a week on this platform and the social networking feature is her favorite [Music]
• 42:30 - 43:00 [Music] it looks like she got so many comments on that post she's just scrolling and we're not reaching the bottom of it how does this curriculum compare to what
• 43:00 - 43:30 was there earlier Project based learning do you think there's anything lacking on this platform
• 43:30 - 44:00 [Music] although I definitely saw that the pmm tool was something that could be a useful resource for a lot of teachers it did make me wonder at the same time whether it would be a wholesale solution to the challenges that these teachers are
• 44:00 - 44:30 facing with these structural reforms Indonesia has a renewed drive towards its education goals some of which are to become internationally competitive by 2025 and increase the number of Indonesian University programs in the world's top 500 China's education modernization plan sets 2035 as the target to become an international example of a prosperous technology-driven Nation with a uniquely
• 44:30 - 45:00 Chinese approach to education India's ambition in the near future is to increase enrollment in higher education to 50% by 2035 and achieve a 100% literacy [Music] rate education has come such a long way since my own time in the classroom could I have imagined when I was a kid
• 45:00 - 45:30 sitting in front of a Blackboard and chalk that one day students will be interacting with AI alas not really are the top- down education goals set by India China and Indonesia too ambitious tangible results from policy reform might only become evident after a much longer maturing period technology seems to offer cautious optimistic enhancements to the quality of teaching and learning but the human couch Still
• 45:30 - 46:00 Remains essential in education and improving learning outcomes even with all that progress the world is changing so fast can education really keep up there's no doubt that challenges still lie ahead but what heartens me is all those ambitious students and teachers that I've met through this journey
• 46:00 - 46:30 [Music] [Music] [Music]
• 46:30 - 47:00 [Music]