NASA Ignites the Countdown for Artemis II's Next Testing Phase

Introduction to Artemis II Mission

The Artemis II mission is a cornerstone of NASA's efforts to maintain a sustained human presence on the Moon and eventually enable human exploration of Mars. As the first crewed mission of the Artemis program, Artemis II aims to test the systems necessary for safe and successful space travel beyond the low Earth orbit. Focusing on integration and testing of the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and the Orion spacecraft, the mission sets the stage for the subsequent lunar landings and deep-space missions. With a scheduled launch in April 2026, Artemis II holds the promise of advancing human space exploration capabilities [].

In preparation for the Artemis II mission, NASA has embarked on an extensive phase of testing to ensure the reliability and functionality of both the rocket and the ground systems. This phase involves rigorous checks of the core stage engines and booster thrust control, alongside a simulated launch-day scenario. These preparations are critical, not only for the immediate goals of the Artemis II mission but also for paving the way toward future crewed missions to Mars [].

A key aspect of the Artemis II mission is its inclusive approach, reflecting a historic moment by planning to send the first woman and person of color towards the lunar vicinity. This representation is intended to inspire a new generation, encouraging more diverse participation in STEM fields. It highlights NASA's commitment to making space exploration a more inclusive endeavor, setting a precedent for future missions and initiatives [].

Overview of the Artemis Program

The Artemis Program is a comprehensive space exploration initiative led by NASA, with the primary goal of establishing a sustainable human presence on the Moon while using it as a crucial stepping stone for future missions to Mars. This ambitious program aims to build upon the achievements of the Apollo missions by incorporating modern technology and international partnerships to enable the exploration and utilization of lunar resources. The Artemis missions are designed to be iterative, each contributing to the long-term vision of crewed missions beyond Earth's orbit, ultimately setting the stage for human exploration of Mars. Artemis I served as an uncrewed flight test, Artemis II will be the first crewed lunar flyby in this program, and Artemis III is planned to return humans to the lunar surface, including the historic milestone of landing the first woman and the first person of color on the Moon. By pursuing these objectives, NASA aims to extend human exploration further into the solar system, develop new technologies, and inspire a new generation of explorers. Additional insights can be found in this UPI article.

Details of the Current Testing Phase

The current testing phase of the Artemis II mission marks a pivotal moment in NASA's ambitious efforts to return humans to the Moon and eventually, to Mars. This phase is crucial as it focuses primarily on the integration between the rocket systems and ground support systems. The spotlight is firmly on carrying out extensive checks on the core stage engines and the booster thrust control systems. These rigorous tests are designed to ensure the safety and functionality of the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket, which is central to the Artemis II mission's success .

One of the highlights of this phase is the simulated launch-day scenario, which will closely mimic the actual launch conditions that Artemis II will face next April. This simulation includes a full countdown demonstration, where the team will practice all aspects of the launch to identify and rectify any potential issues in real time. These exercises are aimed at perfecting the coordination between the new technologies and protocols with human operators, ensuring all systems are go for the mission .

As Artemis II propels forward, it continues to highlight NASA’s commitment to inclusivity and diversity in space exploration. For the first time, the mission will include the first woman and the first person of color to travel to the lunar vicinity. This move not only enhances the crew’s resilience and expertise but also sets a precedent for future space missions .

The current testing phase represents a step closer to realizing the Artemis program's overarching goals. By thoroughly validating the integration of systems, NASA can enhance its strategy for long-duration human missions in deep space. The focus on system reliability and safety checks is instrumental not only for Artemis II but also for laying the groundwork for subsequent Artemis missions and eventual expeditions to Mars. The success of these tests is essential for NASA's ongoing journey to expand human presence across the lunar landscape .

Artemis II Astronaut Crew Composition

The composition of the Artemis II astronaut crew reflects NASA's commitment to diversity and inclusion in space exploration. This historic mission will feature the first woman and the first person of color to journey to the lunar vicinity. The decision to include astronauts from diverse backgrounds aims to inspire future generations, particularly those from underrepresented communities, and to highlight the importance of equality in scientific endeavors. This strategic inclusion is part of NASA's broader objective to expand opportunities for diverse talents in STEM fields, paving the way for a more inclusive future in space exploration efforts [1](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

While the official announcement of the Artemis II crew may not have been made yet, speculation suggests that it will consist of a team well-equipped to handle the challenges of deep space travel. These astronauts will not only have undergone rigorous training to prepare for the mission's technical demands but will also embody the values of resilience and adaptability that NASA considers vital for this pioneering endeavor. The crew's readiness will be put to the test during simulated launch-day scenarios and other intensive preparations designed to emulate the mission environment and ensure their safety and success as they venture beyond low Earth orbit [1](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

The presence of the first woman and the first person of color in the Artemis II crew is expected to have significant social impact. By breaking new ground in crew composition, NASA is setting a precedent that underscores its commitment to reflection of societal diversity. This move is likely to inspire individuals from various backgrounds to aspire to careers in space and science, transforming the public perception of who can participate in such monumental exploration efforts. The symbolic nature of this mission could also rejuvenate public interest in lunar and interplanetary exploration, serving as a motivational force for young people around the world to engage with, and contribute to, future advancements in space exploration [1](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

Mission Timeline and Schedule

The timeline for the Artemis II mission is meticulously crafted to ensure all components are seamlessly integrated and thoroughly tested before launch. Following the initial phases of testing, which included interface verification and communication links evaluation, the mission is on track for its scheduled April 2026 launch. This schedule reflects an orchestrated effort to align the complexities of space travel with the pencil-thin margins for error permissible in such a high-stakes environment. Extensive testing phases, including critical core stage engine verifications and booster thrust control assessments, are pivotal in guaranteeing a smooth journey to the Moon's orbit. As noted by NASA, these preparatory stages are indispensable for ensuring all systems function cohesively [source](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

In the lead-up to the launch, a series of simulated scenarios play a crucial role, providing the Artemis II team with detailed insights into possible challenges that could arise. These rehearsals are not merely routine checks; they are designed to push the systems to their operational limits without the presence of a crew, ensuring that real-time solutions can be developed preemptively. These rigorous drills include a wet dress rehearsal simulating propellant loading sequences that align with actual launch-day operations [source](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/). Through these exhaustive measures, each milestone achieved in the testing phase marks a step closer to ensuring the historic flight safely bridges the gap between the current era of space exploration and the next frontier of human spaceflight.

NASA's commitment to maintaining a tight, efficient schedule is evident in its execution of the Artemis II mission. The final phase of preparation involves end-to-end communication testing, verifying operational capabilities between the Space Launch System (SLS), Orion spacecraft, and mission control—essential for a mission relying on the flawless interaction between these sophisticated technologies. As each test is completed, the timeline is updated and refined to reflect the mission’s readiness for the landmark voyage that aims to deliver the first woman and person of color into lunar orbit, paving the path for human exploration of Mars in the near future [source](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

Importance of Artemis II in Mars Exploration

The Artemis II mission is not only a strategic step toward human exploration of Mars but also a key mission that will lay the foundation for future interplanetary travel. By carrying the first woman and person of color into the lunar vicinity, Artemis II is setting a precedent for diversity in space exploration while aligning with broader goals of inclusivity and representation. Its significance extends beyond lunar exploration as it focuses on testing crucial technologies that NASA plans to employ for future Mars missions. The extensive testing phase, which includes rigorous checks of the SLS rocket and ground systems, is pivotal in ensuring that all systems perform optimally to support long-term goals of human habitation and research on Mars. This mission not only helps in perfecting the technology necessary for deep space travel but also builds confidence in NASA's ambitious plans to make human life multi-planetary.

The development and eventual success of Artemis II are crucial stepping stones for the Artemis program's ultimate goal of Mars exploration. The mission's testing phases are meticulously designed to validate the numerous systems and procedures that will be critical for supporting human life during extended missions to Mars. With a focus on technology transfer, the mission is expected to contribute significantly to the methods by which NASA will execute safe, sustainable planetary missions. By simulating a complete lifecycle of launch events and flight procedures, Artemis II is effectively a rehearsal for the eventual Mars missions that will likely follow its blueprint. The validation of life-support systems and deep-space capabilities via the Artemis II mission is not just a milestone in lunar exploration but a beacon pointing towards sustainable human presence on Mars.

Recent Developments and Related Events

NASA's Artemis II mission is undergoing significant developments, with recent efforts marking the transition to the next phase of testing. This phase is crucial as it involves the integration of the rocket and ground systems, focusing deeply on the core stage engines and booster thrust control. A key component of this process is the simulated launch-day scenario, which is scheduled to take place prior to the mission's official launch set for April 2026. This preparation is not just about optimizing the technological aspects; it sets the stage for an historic journey to the lunar vicinity, with the groundbreaking inclusion of the first woman and person of color as part of the crew. This momentous mission is a precursor to future Mars explorations, highlighting the significance of Artemis II within NASA's long-term interplanetary ambitions. [Read more here](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

The integrated testing phase for Artemis II kicked off on May 29, 2025, as NASA rigorously tested the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket alongside ground systems to ensure seamless operations and safety. These tests are paramount as they include exhaustive checks of the core stage engines and the booster thrust control systems. Such measures are integral to verifying the readiness of critical components, ensuring nothing is left to chance as the Artemis II mission prepares to send its human crew to the far reaches of space beyond Earth's orbit for the first time in decades. [Learn more](https://www.nasa.gov/missions/artemis/artemis-2/integrated-testing-on-horizon-for-artemis-ii-launch-preparations/).

Another pivotal event was the Orion spacecraft's relocation on May 3, 2025, to the Multi-Payload Processing Facility for the initial stages of fueling. This relocation is a critical step in preparation for the Artemis II mission. The crew will engage in testing various equipment interfaces within their spacesuits post-fueling, an essential process to authenticate the spacecraft's operational status before it embarks on its historic journey. This phase of preparation ensures that the systems designed to support human life in deep space are fully validated and operational. [Discover more insights](https://www.nasa.gov/blogs/missions/2025/05/05/nasas-artemis-ii-orion-spacecraft-ready-for-fueling-processing/).

The path to Artemis II's launch is complicated by economic and political factors, notably a White House budget proposal that suggests a potential wind-down of the SLS and Orion programs post-Artemis III. This proposal, if enacted, might influence not only the continuation of these specific systems but also the broader trajectory of human space exploration under the Artemis umbrella. Yet, the Artemis II mission is proceeding with determination and resilience, maintaining its focus on undisturbed preparation and testing processes, thereby ensuring its pivotal role in humanity’s return to the Moon and onward to Mars. [More details are available](https://www.rocketcitynow.com/article/news/national/despite-potential-sls-wind-down-artemis-ii-presses-on-with-moon-mission/525-010b5f26-8518-483e-8bff-0f49519052b9).

In early May 2025, Lockheed Martin achieved a significant milestone by completing the assembly and testing of the Orion spacecraft, subsequently handing it over to NASA's Exploration Ground Systems team. This transition marks the culmination of an extensive development phase, enabling NASA to focus on preparing the spacecraft for its upcoming mission. Lockheed Martin's involvement underscores the importance of partnering with industry leaders to ensure the success of space missions, which require impeccable precision and advanced technological innovations. These collaborative efforts are pivotal in advancing NASA's endeavors towards lunar exploration and beyond. [Check this out](https://news.lockheedmartin.com/2025-05-01-Lockheed-Martin-Completes-Orion-Development-for-Artemis-II-Mission-to-the-Moon).

Expert Opinions on Integrated Testing

The importance of integrated testing in space missions like Artemis II cannot be understated, as it involves a complex orchestration of technology, human expertise, and safety protocols. Experts highlight that integrated testing serves as the backbone for successful mission execution, allowing engineers to assess how various subsystems and technologies work together. According to NASA's expansive testing plan for the Artemis II mission, this phase will involve thorough checks of crucial components such as the core stage engines, booster thrust control, and end-to-end communications systems (source). These rigorous checks ensure that potential issues are identified and corrected before the actual mission, significantly reducing the risk of in-flight failures.

Furthermore, experts emphasize that the integration phase is not just about technical validations but also about human factors and operational readiness. The simulated launch-day scenario and wet dress rehearsals, for example, provide invaluable insights into real-time crew dynamics and procedural efficiencies under mission-like conditions. These tests aim to prepare the Artemis II team for contingencies, ensuring the crew's readiness to respond to any anomalies effectively. Additionally, insights gained from interactive testing sessions often result in refinements to training protocols and mission planning, as they highlight interdependencies that may not be apparent in isolated system tests (NASA source).

In the broader context of space exploration, the integrated testing of Artemis II is a stepping stone towards sustainable deep space missions. Experts assert that validating life-support systems and deep-space operational procedures on Artemis II is crucial for future missions to Mars. This is indicative of the program's strategic importance in ensuring technological robustness and mission safety. By addressing the complexities of integrating new technologies with established systems, NASA is able to mitigate risks associated with deep space human exploration, paving the way for confident advancement towards Mars missions (source). Effective integrated testing ensures that every component functions harmoniously, thereby sustaining the mission's objectives of expanding human presence beyond Earth.

Public Reactions and Sentiment

Public reactions to the Artemis II mission have been largely positive, reflecting excitement and support for NASA's ambitious goals. The announcement that the mission will include the first woman and person of color to travel close to the Moon has been particularly well-received, contributing to a sense of pride and inclusivity. This groundbreaking step has energized conversations in public forums and social media, inspiring many young people, especially those from underrepresented communities, to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The mission is seen as not only a technical achievement but also a cultural milestone, symbolizing progress in space exploration and diversity in STEM fields.

Despite the tangible excitement, discussions around Artemis II also acknowledge the inevitable challenges of space exploration, particularly when it comes to the complex logistics and potential delays inherent in such missions. Enthusiasts and critics alike seem to understand that setbacks are part of the journey toward greater advancements. While some public voices question the program's financial aspects, many view the delays as necessary for ensuring the safety and success of the mission, preferring exhaustive testing and verification over rushed timelines. This pragmatic perspective shapes the general sentiment, which balances patience with anticipation.

Moreover, there is a strong public belief in the long-term benefits of the Artemis program, with many seeing Artemis II as a pivotal step toward sustainable lunar exploration and eventual missions to Mars. Public sentiment is buoyed by the thought that Artemis II will validate vital technologies and operational procedures key for future deep-space endeavors. The mission is often talked about in terms of its contribution to humanity's quest to reach Mars, viewed as a shared global goal that transcends individual national interests. This collective optimism underscores a broader enthusiasm for the possibilities that lie beyond Earth's orbit.

Overall, the public's reaction embodies both excitement and a profound appreciation for the groundbreaking nature of Artemis II. The mission does not only signify a stride in human spaceflight but also promises to forge new paths for international cooperation in space exploration. As anticipation builds towards the April 2026 launch, public attention remains sharply focused on the ongoing preparations and testing milestones, hopeful that these will pave the way for another "giant leap for mankind."

Future Implications of Artemis II

The Artemis II mission is poised to be a monumental step forward in space exploration, with implications that extend far into the future. As NASA begins the next testing phase, focusing on integrating the rocket and ground systems, there is a palpable sense of anticipation surrounding the successful execution of these critical evaluations. The testing will encompass detailed checks, including core stage engines and booster thrust control, and will culminate in a simulated launch-day scenario. This rigorous process underscores NASA's commitment to safety and mission success, as the mission will see the first woman and person of color journeying into the lunar vicinity [here](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

Economically, the implications of Artemis II are substantial. The program is expected to cost over $93 billion by 2025, reflecting a significant investment in terms of resources and technology development [here](https://opentools.ai/news/nasas-artemis-program-a-launch-pad-for-innovation-and-controversy). The economic benefits are multifaceted, promising job creation, technological advancements, and a thriving industry poised around space exploration. In 2023 alone, NASA's initiatives, including the Artemis program, supported more than 96,000 jobs and generated $23.8 billion in economic activity. Furthermore, the success of Artemis II could catalyze the emergence of new industries related to space resource utilization, laying the groundwork for lowering future space exploration costs [here](https://opentools.ai/news/nasas-artemis-program-a-launch-pad-for-innovation-and-controversy).

Socially, Artemis II is set to inspire broad demographic participation in STEM fields. By including the first woman and person of color in its crew, the mission makes a powerful statement about diversity and inclusion in space exploration [here](https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/nasa-moon-mission-artemis-program-launch-date). The excitement surrounding the mission is expected to reignite public interest in space endeavors, promoting STEM fields as attractive career paths for a new generation of students from varied backgrounds. Media coverage and public engagement with the Artemis missions are crucial for sustaining this interest and enthusiasm over time.

Politically, the success of Artemis II could reinforce the United States' leadership in space exploration, enhancing national pride and impacting diplomatic relations. The program's vast budget and reliance on international collaboration highlight the complexities of modern space endeavors [here](https://opentools.ai/news/nasas-artemis-program-a-launch-pad-for-innovation-and-controversy). Amidst geopolitical considerations, the mission's success could demonstrate a commitment to maintaining technological supremacy in the face of competition from other space-faring nations like China. Moreover, a successful Artemis II mission could influence future funding decisions for NASA, ensuring continued exploration into deep space and potentially redefining international cooperation in the realm of space exploration [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemis_program).

Economic Impact of the Artemis Program

The Artemis program, particularly its Artemis II mission, has potential far-reaching economic implications. As NASA progresses with the mission's testing phases and anticipates its scheduled launch, the financial ramifications expand well beyond just the realm of space exploration. With the estimated expenditure surpassing $93 billion by 2025, Artemis signifies a massive governmental financial commitment. This investment comes with an implicit promise of economic stimulation, primarily through the creation of jobs and the promotion of technological innovation—a claim corroborated by NASA's report of supporting over 96,000 jobs in 2023 through its Moon to Mars initiatives. Notably, such endeavors have generated over $23.8 billion in economic activity, showcasing the potential for significant returns on investment [here](https://opentools.ai/news/nasas-artemis-program-a-launch-pad-for-innovation-and-controversy).

A major economic boon linked to the Artemis program is the anticipated development of new industries tied to space resource utilization and reduced future exploration costs. As humanity endeavors to establish a presence on the Moon, the need for sustainable technologies that support long-term habitation and resource acquisition is paramount. These advancements can ripple outwards into commercial applications on Earth, thus catalyzing new business ventures and technological startups. Successful missions like Artemis II could thus act as vital catalysts for economic growth, by not only pushing boundaries in space exploration but also by intertwining economies around the world through shared technological and scientific advancements.

International collaborations have become a cornerstone of the Artemis program, wherein the sharing of fiscal responsibilities and expertise significantly amplifies the project's economic viability and reach. These cooperative efforts not only underscore the importance of shared advancements but also emphasize the economic interdependencies formed when countries engage in such large-scale scientific endeavors. However, this reliance on international partnerships brings in potential geopolitical risks, such as those stemming from political shifts or nationalistic priorities that could jeopardize the goals of collaborative space exploration [here](https://opentools.ai/news/nasas-artemis-program-a-launch-pad-for-innovation-and-controversy).

The ambitious reach of the Artemis program, coupled with its financial commitments, positions it as a pivotal project that could redefine how space exploration is perceived from an economic standpoint. While potential controversies exist, particularly around budget allocations and the continued support for programs like SLS, the general outlook remains optimistic. The vision of utilizing lunar missions as a stepping stone to Mars serves as a beacon of hope for sustained investment and interest in space exploration, thus reinforcing the program's potential to drive economic growth and innovation. The outcomes of Artemis II, especially if successful, will likely serve as a foundation for justifying continued expenditure and effort towards realizing mankind's interplanetary aspirations.

Social Impact and Diversity Milestones

The Artemis II mission represents a profound milestone in the quest for greater diversity and social impact in space exploration. With NASA's ambitious plans to pave the way for human exploration of Mars, this mission is particularly unique due to its significant inclusivity milestone. For the first time, the mission will include a woman and a person of color in its crew who will journey to the lunar vicinity. This aspect of Artemis II has received widespread acclaim and is viewed as an inspiring step towards representing the uncharted territories of space as inclusive spaces where people from various backgrounds can contribute and lead [source](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

One of the most celebrated aspects of the Artemis program, as demonstrated by Artemis II, is its commitment to diversity. In a historical context, this mission is set to break barriers that have long prevailed in space exploration by advocating for diversity and inclusion. The participation of diverse crew members not only serves as a powerful symbol of progress within NASA but also acts as a beacon of hope for future generations from underrepresented communities to aspire for careers in STEM fields. The mission highlights the importance of diversity in fostering innovative solutions and enriching scientific exploration, showcasing a future space landscape that is inclusive and equitable [source](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

The social impact of Artemis II goes beyond the immediate mission goals, impacting public perception and awareness regarding space travel and inclusion in high-stakes scientific endeavors. As NASA endeavors to send humans to Mars eventually, the role of Artemis II is pivotal in setting benchmarks for inclusivity and representation. The media coverage and engagement anticipated from this mission will likely boost public interest in the space sector, demonstrating how diverse teams can collaborate on global challenges effectively. Such initiatives are vital at a time when diversification is key to driving innovation and addressing complex issues across multiple disciplines [source](https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2025/05/29/nasa-to-begin-next-phase-artemis-II-testing/4071748575500/).

Political Ramifications and International Collaboration

The political ramifications of the Artemis II mission are profound and multi-faceted, influencing both domestic and international spheres. The significant investment in the Artemis program underscores the United States' commitment to maintaining its leadership in space exploration. Such commitment not only reflects national pride but also enhances the country's geopolitical standing. Political leaders often leverage such programs to demonstrate technological prowess and reinforce alliances with international partners. This collaboration is essential, as it facilitates shared technological advancements and distributes financial burdens, making ambitious missions like Artemis II feasible. However, the reliance on international partnerships necessitates careful diplomacy to manage geopolitical tensions that may arise from differing national interests or global events. Furthermore, the potential wind-down of key elements like the SLS system, as suggested by recent budget proposals, presents political challenges [4](https://www.rocketcitynow.com/article/news/national/despite-potential-sls-wind-down-artemis-ii-presses-on-with-moon-mission/525-010b5f26-8518-483e-8bff-0f49519052b9). They could affect the long-term commitment to lunar and Martian exploration, impacting future governmental space policies and funding decisions.

International collaboration is a cornerstone of the Artemis program, fostering diplomatic ties and mutual technological growth. Nations participating in such a ground-breaking venture strengthen their diplomatic relationships through shared challenges and triumphs. The success of Artemis II could set a precedent for future international endeavors in space exploration, showcasing the effectiveness of global cooperation. Moreover, sharing technological developments among partner nations can lead to advancements that benefit broader scientific and commercial industries. However, these partnerships are not without their complexities. They require careful navigation of geopolitical landscapes, especially as other nations, like China, accelerate their space programs. The competitive aspect of this collaboration means that political strategies must ensure that alliances within the Artemis program contribute to a balanced approach to space exploration supremacy [8](https://www.rocketcitynow.com/article/news/national/despite-potential-sls-wind-down-artemis-ii-presses-on-with-moon-mission/525-010b5f26-8518-483e-8bff-0f49519052b9).

As Artemis II moves forward, the political discourse will likely revolve around budget allocations, international partnerships, and the broader strategic direction of national space policy. Each phase of the Artemis program, including Artemis II, provides insights into the nation's willingness to invest in space exploration as a priority. This commitment has already sparked discussions in political circles about future budgets and the sustainability of lunar missions beyond Artemis III. The implications of these decisions extend beyond national borders, as international partners observe and respond to America's trajectory in space exploration [4](https://www.rocketcitynow.com/article/news/national/despite-potential-sls-wind-down-artemis-ii-presses-on-with-moon-mission/525-010b5f26-8518-483e-8bff-0f49519052b9). Thus, the political ramifications are not confined to the U.S.; they ripple through the global community, influencing each partner nation's strategic and financial planning related to their own space exploration ambitions.