APUSH Period 7: Ultimate Guide to Period 7 APUSH

Summary

This engaging guide by Jocz Productions covers APUSH Period 7, spanning from 1890 to 1945, focusing on significant domestic and international events that shaped U.S. history. Discover American expansion, both territorial and economic, during the Progressive Era, World War I, the Roaring Twenties, the Great Depression, the New Deal, and U.S. involvement in World War II. It emphasizes key political, social, and economic changes, providing students with crucial insights to excel in their APUSH exam.

Highlights

• Understand major events and reforms from 1890-1945 for the APUSH exam. 🕰️
• Learn about U.S. imperialism and the significant shifting role of America globally. 🌐
• Discover socio-economic changes brought by the Progressive Era and New Deal. 📈
• Explore how WWI and WWII reshaped U.S. domestic and foreign policies. 🛡️
• Dig into key debates of the era, like U.S. isolationism vs. interventionism. 🗣️

Key Takeaways

• Period 7 covers 1890-1945, highlighting crucial events shaping modern America. 🗓️
• Major themes include U.S. expansion, World Wars, and domestic reforms. 🌎
• The Progressive Era saw increased government intervention to tackle social issues. ✨
• World War I and II had significant impacts, domestically and internationally. ⚔️
• The New Deal redefined American government and economic policies. 🏛️

Overview

Period 7 in APUSH is like a historical rollercoaster from America's imperial ambitions to being a world leader by the end of World War II. It kicks off with U.S. expansion and imperialism in places like Cuba, Hawaii, and the Philippines. Domestic politics were dominated by the Progressive Era's reforms, aiming to tackle the Gilded Age excesses and improve living conditions through government intervention.

World War I and the subsequent interwar years highlighted the complexities of U.S. foreign policy, where initial isolationist tendencies clashed with eventual involvement to shape international peace. The Roaring Twenties, marked by economic prosperity, gave way to the Great Depression, prompting the New Deal—a series of programs aimed at recovery, reform, and relief, transforming the American economic landscape.

World War II surged the U.S. into a superpower status with substantial influence in global politics post-1945. The war era also sparked significant shifts domestically, exemplified by war production's end to the Great Depression and the start of modern civil rights movements. Period 7 is fundamental in understanding how America's past policies and reforms set the stage for its contemporary role in the world.

Chapters

• 00:00 - 00:30: Overview of Period 7 The chapter 'Overview of Period 7' covers significant historical events from 1890 to 1945, ending with World War II. It focuses on key events and periods within this time frame, highlighting their importance, especially in the context of the aush exam. This period is crucial as it heavily influences the exam material, covering an extensive portion of it. The chapter aims to provide a quick breakdown and understanding of the major events during this era.
• 00:30 - 01:30: US Expansion Abroad (1890s-1917) From the 1890s to 1917, the United States experienced significant expansion abroad, particularly through imperialistic endeavors in locations such as Cuba, Hawaii, the Philippines, and China. This period also saw the United States enter World War I, although it did so relatively late, in 1917. The chapter suggests a subsequent period known as the interwar years, marking the time between World War I and World War II, during which the U.S. adopted a more isolationist stance.
• 01:30 - 02:30: World War I and Interwar Years The chapter covers the period from the 1890s to the start of World War II, focusing on major historical events and societal changes in the United States. It begins with the Progressive Era (1890s-1917), a time marked by significant domestic reforms and transformations.
• 02:30 - 03:30: US Entry into World War II The chapter titled 'US Entry into World War II' begins by referencing the New Deal period, noting the timeframe from 1933 to about 1938. The narrative emphasizes the importance of understanding key moments in American history, both foreign and domestic, during this era. The primary focus is on the American decision to enter World War II, marking a pivotal moment in the nation's history. Additionally, the chapter touches upon the advocacy for overseas expansion that began in the late 19th century, setting the stage for broader geopolitical involvement. This expansionist sentiment became a significant factor in shaping America's global strategy and policies.
• 03:30 - 04:30: Motives for Overseas Expansion The chapter 'Motives for Overseas Expansion' explores various reasons behind the United States' interest in expanding its influence beyond its borders. These motives include the closure of the American frontier, as stated by Frederick Jackson Turner, which necessitated seeking new opportunities abroad. Economically, the Industrial Revolution prompted desires to open markets in places like China and secure access to affordable raw materials. Politically, the ambition to compete with other global powers also drove the US to look overseas.
• 04:30 - 06:30: US Annexation and Foreign Policies The chapter discusses the reasons behind the US annexation and foreign policies, highlighting strategic, military, and ideological motives.
• 06:30 - 08:30: Debates over America's Role Post-1898 The chapter titled "Debates over America's Role Post-1898" discusses several significant events and policies from the late 19th to early 20th century impacting America's global position. It begins with the U.S. annexation of Hawaii, highlighting the removal of Queen Liliuokalani from power and the ensuing domestic debate regarding the annexation. The chapter also covers the Open Door Policy under President McKinley, which aimed at promoting equal opportunities for international trade in China, a policy continued by subsequent U.S. administrations. A major focus is the Spanish American War, attributed to factors such as the explosion of the USS Maine, sensationalist journalism known as yellow journalism, and economic interests of American planters and plantation owners. These discussions reflect the broader debates on America's imperialistic strategies and economic ambitions following 1898.
• 08:30 - 11:30: US Neutrality and Isolationist Policies The chapter discusses the pivotal role of the Spanish-American War in shaping U.S. foreign policy, marking a shift from isolationist to more interventionist policies. It highlights the significance of the Treaty of Paris, under which the U.S. gained territories like Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam. A major focus is on the controversial guerrilla war between the U.S. and the Philippines, led by Filipino independence leader Emilio Aguinaldo, culminating in a contentious U.S. victory and raising questions about America's imperialist actions.
• 11:30 - 14:00: Transformation During the Gilded Age and Progressive Era The chapter discusses U.S. expansion during the Gilded Age and Progressive Era, focusing on presidential policies such as Roosevelt's Big Stick policy, Taft's Dollar Diplomacy, and Wilson's Moral Diplomacy. These strategies are exemplified by actions in Panama, the construction of the Panama Canal, and involvement in Mexico. A significant theme is the debate over America's global role post-1898, following the Spanish-American War, with figures like McKinley, Roosevelt, and strategic thinker Alfred T. Mahan contributing to the discourse.
• 14:00 - 17:30: Progressive Movement and Key Reforms The chapter discusses the Progressive Movement and its key reforms, focusing on the era's foreign policies and the opposition they faced. It mentions the American Anti-Imperialist League, which opposed the annexation of the Philippines, with notable figures like Mark Twain and Andrew Carnegie being part of this movement. Additionally, the chapter touches upon the US's initial neutrality in World War I, highlighting how President Wilson attempted to maintain this stance.
• 17:30 - 20:30: Immigration and Social Changes The chapter discusses the factors leading to the United States' entry into World War I in 1917, such as the sinking of neutral ships and the Zimmerman Telegram to Mexico. It highlights President Wilson's active involvement in post-war negotiations at Versailles, where he proposed his 14 points. Despite Wilson's efforts, the Allies, including England and France, showed little interest in self-determination, agreeing only on the adoption of the League of Nations.
• 20:30 - 25:30: Conflicts and Tensions in American Society The chapter discusses the post-World War I period where the United States, under leaders like Republican Henry Cabot Lodge, rejected membership in the League of Nations. This decision was aimed at maintaining America’s tradition of non-involvement in European affairs, a stance reminiscent of George Washington's advice in his 1796 farewell address. The narrative sets the stage for America's approach in the 1920s, where it would continue along similar lines.
• 25:30 - 30:30: Great Depression and the New Deal The chapter discusses the United States' isolationist policy during the Great Depression and the lead-up to World War II. Despite rejecting membership in the League of Nations, the US maintained involvement in international matters such as the Washington Naval Arms Deal, the Kellogg-Briand Pact, and economic affairs in Latin America and Europe. While attempting to remain neutral and avoid conflict, the US passed several Neutrality Acts to enforce its isolationist stance.
• 30:30 - 35:30: World War II: Homefront and Battlefield The chapter titled 'World War II: Homefront and Battlefield' discusses the period leading up to the U.S. entry into World War II, highlighting the role of the America First committee led by Charles Lindberg. It underscores the impact of the Pearl Harbor attack on December 7, 1941, which propelled the U.S. into the war. Post-World War II, the U.S. assumed a significant role in international affairs, marking a departure from its historical precedent, accompanied by noteworthy domestic developments.
• 35:30 - 37:00: Post-World War II and Emergence as a Superpower In this chapter, the focus is on the period following World War II, highlighting the United States' transformation into a superpower. The discussion starts with a nod to the economic changes of the 1890s during the Gilded Age and the Industrial Revolution, which set the stage for later developments. These transformations initiated a shift from a laissez-faire approach to increased government intervention, particularly during the Progressive Movement. Progressive reformers addressed issues of economic instability, social inequality, and political corruption, advocating for a greater role of government in these areas.
• 37:00 - 38:00: Conclusion and Exam Preparation Tips The chapter discusses the role of progressive reformers who primarily focused on urban areas, contrasting with the populists of the 1890s who concentrated on rural regions.

APUSH Period 7: Ultimate Guide to Period 7 APUSH Transcription

• 00:00 - 00:30 [Music] what's going down aush people today we're taking a look at period 7 it goes from 1890 to 1945 the end of World War II and this bad boy covers 177% of the aush exam so to get you started it's important you keep in mind kind of what are the major kind of events or periods during this time frame and we're going to break it down for you real quickly
• 00:30 - 01:00 here if you take a look at the blue you have in the 1890s to 1917 us expansion abroad we have us imperialism in places like Cuba Hawaii the Philippines China then we have World War I we get into it late in 1917 it'll go until 1919 then you have the period the interwar years that period between World War I and World War II the US is somewhat isolationist some of the events we'll take a look at in just a moment and then
• 01:00 - 01:30 of course in 1941 the US will get into World War II in terms of domestic politics you really have from the 1890s to 1917 the Progressive Era reforms and a lot of different things are going down here during that time period domestically then you have of course World War I it will have impacts on the home front that's followed up with the Roaring 20s you know this time of relative economic prosperity for many people but not all and then of course the Great Depression which will lead us
• 01:30 - 02:00 into the New Deal from 1933 to about 1938 and then of course us entry into World War II hit pause if you want to copy this down but it's important to note that that stuff in the black is not meant to be all the important things during period 7 just some of the key things to give you an idea of what's going down during these different periods in American history foreign and domestically so first important idea here is in the late 19th century some began to advocate for overseas expansion
• 02:00 - 02:30 and there's a lot of different motives for example the frontier is closed Frederick Jackson Turner takes a look at the 1890 census and says the frontier has closed so we need to look abroad for New Opportunities you have economic motives remember the Industrial Revolution is in full swing and the us some people want to open up markets abroad for example in China and get access to cheap raw materials you have political motives a desire of the US to compete with other nations especially
• 02:30 - 03:00 Europe and Japan over in Asia and that of course there are strategic or military motives to acquire strategic interests for example Naval bases Alfred T Mayhan wrote about this and then finally we have ideological motives we had this Duty some believe to civilize the non-american non-european people abroad bringing democracy and Christianity and other so-called markers of civilization
• 03:00 - 03:30 some examples that you should know about for period 7 the US annexation of Hawaii Queen Lila colani being removed from power and the debate over the annexation of Hawaii the open door policy under President McKinley in China that policy will be followed by other US presidents the big one is the Spanish American War which was caused by a variety of factors such as the main explosion yellow journalism the economic motives of the US Planters and plantation owners and
• 03:30 - 04:00 the delome letter where McKinley got dissed remember the Spanish American war is hugely significant it is a turning point because under the Treaty of Paris the US acquires Cuba Puerto Rico Philippines and Guam in fact you're going to have a brutal Guerilla war between the US in the Philippines remember emelo aginaldo is the leader of the Filipino independence movement and this is going to lead to the Filipinos being defeated in a very controversial War you also have have presidents
• 04:00 - 04:30 pursuing not just McKinley but Roosevelt's big stick policy you could see his intervention in Panama and the building of the canal taff's Dollar Diplomacy Wilson's moral diplomacy um and you could see that really in Mexico so these are all examples of us expansion during this time period another important thing you should know about is the debates over America's role in the world post 1898 after the Spanish-American War there were many people such as McKinley and the Roosevelt and Alfred T Mayan who
• 04:30 - 05:00 supported US policies in Cuba the Philippines Hawaii and other locations however there was a growing American Anti-Imperialist League which opposed really the annexation of the Philippines mobilizes those individuals and you have people such as Mark Twain Andrew Carnegie opposing US policies abroad then during the pre-World War I period the US is neutral at the start of World War I Wilson tried to keep the country
• 05:00 - 05:30 out of the war but you have the sinking of neutral ships such as the Lucitania the Zimmerman Telegram to Mexico and other factors which causes the US entry into World War I in 1917 Wilson plays a very active role in the post-war negotiations at Versailles with his 14 points proposal he tries to get the rest of the Allies England and France to agree but they only agree on the adoption of the League of Nations they're not interested in self determination in these types of things
• 05:30 - 06:00 they want to punish Germany the US Senate led by Republican Henry kabat Lodge rejected membership to the League of Nations disappointing Wilson and many see this as an effort to preserve the tradition of non-involvement in European Affairs and permanent alliances remember Washington in his farewell address warned the nation against those in 1796 following the World War I period we'll get into the 1920s and in the 1920s the US will pursue a somewhat
• 06:00 - 06:30 isolationist policy we will reject membership to the League of Nations but we will not be completely withdrawn from the rest of the world for example we have an active role in the Washington Naval arms deal the Kellogg Brian pact and in various economic matters in both Latin America and Europe however just like before World War I we are going to attempt to stay out of the war we are going to try to be isolationist you're going to have a series of Neutrality Acts passed to keep the us out of a
• 06:30 - 07:00 potential war in Europe and these are really supported by an important group called The America First committee headed by Charles Lindberg and others finally of course the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7th 1941 will lead to us entry into World War II and after World War II the US will play a huge role in international Affairs much different than any other period we've studied so far some important stuff domestically keep in
• 07:00 - 07:30 mind in the 1890s prior we had large scale economic transformation during this guilded age this Industrial Revolution and as a result of these transformation we're going to see the US go from a Laz fair to increased government intervention and this is really going to be seen in the Progressive Movement progressive reformers responded to economic instability social inequality and political corruption and they're going to call for government intervention in
• 07:30 - 08:00 the economy and society as a whole progressive reformers were mainly focused on urban areas really their strength is in the cities remember the populist also in the 1890s focused on rural areas the progressives were largely middle class and there was a very large participation by women in the movement and finally mck rakers are going to play a key role people like Upton Sinclair Ida Tarbell exposing problems to the American public so real
• 08:00 - 08:30 big idea about the Progressive Movement you should know is the progressives attempted to regulate the economy environment and expand democracy couple of examples to know about Jane Adams with the whole house in Chicago providing help and assistance to poor and immigrant communities you have Florence Kelly who creates the National Consumer League which goes for reforms from food safety child labor issues and others you have John me who was one of
• 08:30 - 09:00 the founders of the Sierra Club he links up with Theodore Roosevelt advocating for protection of Natural Resources so preservation and conservation Robert lafayette's Wisconsin idea in his home state leads to democratization you get reforms like the recall the referendum and initiative all of these giving greater power to the people in the Democratic process you could see this democratization continuing with the 17th Amendment which provides for the direct election of senators and Theodore
• 09:00 - 09:30 Roosevelt uses the Old Law the Sherman Antitrust Act to break up monopolies trust busting this is going to be done by both Roosevelt Taff and Wilson Wilson's going to have a new tool to do this called The Clayton Antitrust Act which gave more power to the government to regulate these monopolies and finally the Federal Reserve Bank under Wilson creates a central bank to control the money supply and this is the first national banking system since that
• 09:30 - 10:00 second Bank of the US that was defeated by Andrew Jackson when studying period 7 make sure you understand the different reforms and the successes and the failures of the Progressive Movement throughout this period the US continued to evolve into a increasingly industrialized and Urban Nation the Industrial Revolution is still continuing immigration urbanization and these changes dramatically changed American society you continue to have the rise of large corporations although they are increas inly regulated by the
• 10:00 - 10:30 government to prevent corporate abuse and by 1920 more Americans live in cities than in rural regions for the first time in our nation's history new technology and consumer goods in fact by the 1920s you're going to have the radio the vacuum the Model T the movie industry is going to rise these things are going to change life for many Americans and increased the standard of living one of the key kind of themes during this time period is new opportunities for new groups for example
• 10:30 - 11:00 you're going to continue to have large immigration but that immigration's going to change you're going to have the new immigrants who are especially from Southern and Eastern Europe which are coming to America moving into American cities to work and industrial jobs this is going to slow down in 1924 we'll see why in just a moment women got jobs during World War I in World War II however they were expected to leave when the men returned but it's important to keep in mind new technology such as
• 11:00 - 11:30 telephone vacuums washing machines created new job opportunities and office type work as secretaries and provided some women with more Leisure Time and finally African-Americans are going to undergo a lot of changes during this time period you're going to have a great migration really beginning in the early 1900s as this Mass migration of African-Americans out of the Jim Crow South to Northern cities especially during World World War I with all these
• 11:30 - 12:00 changes you're going to see a rise in Conflict cultural political and social tension emerged as a result of changing demographics modernization and a variety of other factors and you're going to see some of these tensions both during World War I end during the economic Prosperity or the relative economic prosperity of the Roaring 20s so let me give you a couple of examples to keep in mind during the War World War I you have the Espionage and Sedition I act passed the
• 12:00 - 12:30 Sedition Act especially was designed to limit freedom of speech and other perceived anti-war attitudes during World War I many people were arrested during the war for being nothing more than opposed to us fighting of the war and this was ruled of course constitutional by the famous shank versus US case and this really shows you that tension between security versus Liberty in American society following World War I you have the Red Scare and
• 12:30 - 13:00 the Palmer Raids which led to mass arrests of socialist Anarchist Union organizers and other suspected radicals in the 20s you also see the arrest and the trial of Sako and vanetti once again the tension security versus Liberty native born Americans versus immigrants capitalists versus radicals and workers so you see once again tension occurring in American society the Immigration Act of 1924 was passed in the 1920s it was
• 13:00 - 13:30 designed to keep out new immigrants by establishing a quota of 2% taking this census of 1890 this was supported by the Klux Clan and other nativist organizations and it shows the nativist tension of the 1920s Scopes trial is another great example of the tensions of change a teacher and Dayton Tennessee was arrested for teaching evolution and you could see the kind of battle between fundamentalism of the 19 1920s and science the rural values versus Urban
• 13:30 - 14:00 prohibition was also passed at the beginning of the 1920s with the 18th Amendment an an effort to ban the sale of alcohol led to widespread lawlessness and the rise of organized crime people like Al Capone in Chicago and then finally throughout this period you're going to have tension amongst American society and African-Americans and this is going to increase as the Great Migration to Northern cities increase racial tensions and contributed to race
• 14:00 - 14:30 riots and the Resurgence of the KKK in the 1920s the boom of the 1920s is going to be ended with the Great Depression it begins in 1929 and another important idea of period 7 is the fact that economic upheavals the problems associated with Laz aair capitalism and ultimately the Great Depression led to the New Deal and it's going to take place roughly from 1933 inauguration of Franklin Roosevelt till around
• 14:30 - 15:00 1938 couple things about the New Deal to keep in mind it focused on the three Rs remember it's designed to try to get the country out of the Great Depression and it does so by providing relief recovery and reform the New Deal reformed American society by creating a limited welfare state while also increasing the size of the federal government not all Americans are going to like these things but it is going to provide that basic safety net couple of Key New Deal programs to keep in mind FDI I ured Bank
• 15:00 - 15:30 deposits Securities and Exchange Commission regulated the stock market the AAA sought to stop over production by paying Farmers subsidies not to produce crops the WPA and the Civilian Conservation Corps paid the unemployed to do Public Works projects build Bridges roads and other items the Wagner Act also known as the National Labor Relations Act protected the rights of workers to form and join a union and Social Security established the safety net for those individuals the elderly
• 15:30 - 16:00 the disabled women with dependent children and so on it's important when studying period 7 to kind of compare and contrast the new deal with the Progressive Era reforms and some things to keep in mind about the New Deal it created a limited welfare state and dramatically increase the size of the federal government we're still debating what is the appropriate role of the Federal Government even today some New Deal programs are still popular today such as Social Security and FDI C and
• 16:00 - 16:30 the New Deal continued reforms of the Progressive Era and reforms of the New Deal will be followed up by other reform efforts such as the Fair Deal under President Truman and really the Great Society under Lynden Baines Johnson so make sure you're able to compare and contrast these different reform periods it's important to note although the New Deal did not take up the cause of civil rights it oftentimes ignored the plight of African-Americans African-Americans began to vote in large numbers for the Democratic party under Franklin
• 16:30 - 17:00 Roosevelt there were critics of the New Deal some felt the New Deal did not do enough you had people like Hy long who proposed a major redistribution of wealth with his program share our wealth program you have conservatives who thought the New Deal increased the size of the government too much and we're really concerned about deficit spending and the Supreme Court ruled some of the programs unconstitutional for example the National Recovery Act and the agricultural adjustment act and finally
• 17:00 - 17:30 it did not completely end the Great Depression the Depression was only ended as the country began to shift to war production for World War II which leads us to the final thing in Period 7 World War II World War I you should break down in two areas the home front and the battlefield and a couple things to keep in mind about the home front World War II led to a shift to war production and contributed to the end of the Great Depression jobs and War indries led to new opportunities for women you have the
• 17:30 - 18:00 famous Rosie the Riveter icon and other minority groups such as African-Americans although deported during the Great Depression Mexican uh and mexican-americans were kicked out of the country it's called repatriation the need for labor in the agricultural sector led to the brero program which allowed Mexican immigrants to come into the United States during World War II although there was numerous opportunities presented by World War II on the home front there were also tensions at home you have
• 18:00 - 18:30 African-Americans struggling for equality with the double Victory campaign you have the fight for executive order 8802 to provide equal opportunity in defense work this Japanese interment which was upheld by Coram matu versus the United States and of course in Los Angeles you have the Zoot Suit Riots between Mexican-American Youth and American military personnel and it's important to know scientific and technological advances such as the atomic bomb created by by the Manhattan Project and the development of sonar
• 18:30 - 19:00 will Aid the Allied cause us industrial power will be a major reason for the Allied Victory along with the huge Red Army of the Soviet Union but us production is phenomenal during the war providing a lot of the supplies even before us enters the war in 1941 the decision to drop the atomic bomb will remain a source of controversy so make sure you know about some of the different Arguments for and against the drop into the bomb and it's important to
• 19:00 - 19:30 know the big three Roosevelt Stalin and Churchill will struggle to maintain their Alliance of convenience as they debate wartime strategy Stalin continued to want the second front and he felt Churchill and Roosevelt were delaying that and the post-war World Roosevelt and Churchill and later Truman are going to want a world based upon self-determination capitalism and these agreements were going to be difficult to achieve and finally following World War II the US will emerge as a dominant
• 19:30 - 20:00 superpower and end its tradition of avoiding foreign organizations we are going to join the United Nations and shortly after World War II we will also find oursel engaged in a cold war this video is not meant to cover everything you need to know about a push period 7 but it's just to highlight some of the key things and themes you should keep in mind I highly suggest you check out any of these videos about any of the topics covered in Period 7 to get way more ready for this aush exam so click the
• 20:00 - 20:30 link and learn a whole lot more that's going to do it for today if the video helped you out at all click like And subscribe if you haven't already done so if you have any questions post them in the comment section and make sure you get a five in may have a beautiful day peace