Meaningful Learning Theory and Concept Maps - AUSUBEL, NOVAK - Simplified

Summary

In this tutorial by Mister Simplify, the focus is on meaningful learning theory, as advocated by David Ausubel, and concept mapping, introduced by Joseph Novak. Ausubel emphasizes the significance of prior knowledge in effective learning, proposing that new concepts should connect with existing knowledge for meaningful assimilation. The tutorial also explores three types of meaningful learning: representation, concept, and proposition learning. Concept maps are highlighted as tools to visually connect new and existing knowledge, aiding in deeper understanding. The tutorial concludes with strategies for promoting meaningful learning in educational settings, encouraging teachers to foster environments that connect new information with students' prior knowledge.

Highlights

• Discover the theory of meaningful learning by David Ausubel. 🎓
• Learn about concept maps, an important tool by Joseph Novak. 🗺️
• Explore the importance of prior knowledge in learning. 💡
• Identify the three types of meaningful learning. 🔍
• Strategies to promote meaningful learning in education. 🌟
• Discussion on the best teaching experiences and strategies. 🗨️

Key Takeaways

• Understanding Ausubel's meaningful learning theory is essential for effective teaching. 📚
• Concept maps are valuable tools for visualizing connections between ideas. 🗺️
• Prior knowledge plays a crucial role in learning new concepts. 🧠
• There are three types of meaningful learning: representation, concept, and proposition. 🔍
• Teachers should create environments that link new knowledge to what students already know. 🌱
• Meaningful learning leads to better problem-solving abilities. 🛠️
• Time constraints can make it challenging to implement meaningful learning strategies in classrooms. ⏳

Overview

In Mister Simplify's tutorial, we explore the insightful world of meaningful learning theory through the pioneering work of David Ausubel and the innovative concept maps introduced by Joseph Novak. Ausubel highlights the importance of incorporating what a learner already knows into the learning process to make it more effective. This theory paves the way for teachers to design curricula and teaching strategies that foster strong connections between new and existing concepts.

Concept maps come into play as they provide a visual representation of these connections, helping learners organize and integrate new information more effectively. There are three levels of meaningful learning discussed: representation, concept, and proposition learning, each building upon the previous to deepen understanding.

The tutorial wraps up by discussing practical strategies teachers can implement to encourage meaningful learning. These include connecting new content with students' prior knowledge, utilizing engaging and relatable examples, and fostering an interactive learning environment. While time constraints can be a hurdle, the benefits of meaningful learning make it worthwhile for students' long-term retention of knowledge.

Chapters

• 00:00 - 00:30: Introduction to Meaningful Learning The chapter introduces the concept of meaningful learning and discusses its various types through the perspective of David Ausubel. It highlights the significance of meaningful learning in helping teachers to design courses and develop curriculum that enhances student learning. Additionally, the chapter touches upon concept mapping as proposed by Joseph Novak, emphasizing its role in fostering meaningful learning.
• 00:30 - 01:00: Factors Influencing Learning - Ausubel's Theory The chapter focuses on factors influencing learning, based on Ausubel's Theory, which emphasizes that the most significant factor affecting learning is what the learner already knows. Consequently, teachers should first ascertain this before teaching, to ensure effective learning.
• 01:00 - 01:30: Meaningful Learning and Subsumption Theory The chapter discusses how concepts and the relationships between them are crucial in the learning process. It emphasizes that learning a new, unfamiliar concept involves consciously identifying a meaningful relationship between the new concept and previously understood concepts.
• 05:30 - 06:00: Concept Mapping - Novak's Contribution The chapter delves into Novak's contribution to the concept of mapping, focusing on the idea of meaningful learning, which is a process that involves integrating new information with existing knowledge. This successful assimilation of new information is crucial for meaningful learning. The chapter also touches on subsumption theory, explaining how it relates to understanding and facilitating meaningful learning. However, it acknowledges that sometimes the integration might be insufficient, leading students to resort to rote learning instead.
• 03:30 - 04:00: Types of Meaningful Learning This chapter discusses the concept of 'root learning,' which is defined as learning information word-for-word without understanding its meaning or context. It describes root learning as focusing on isolated facts, often learned quickly for the purpose of exams. The chapter also touches on the role of teachers in promoting meaningful learning to prevent students from resorting to root learning practices.
• 08:30 - 09:00: Promoting Meaningful Learning The chapter discusses the importance of providing introductory content that helps learners connect existing knowledge with new concepts. It emphasizes that introductory materials should highlight new and vital information, summarize what is already known, and orient learners to form connections between known and new material.
• 09:30 - 10:00: Discussion - Best Teaching Experiences The chapter titled 'Discussion - Best Teaching Experiences' explores learning theories, particularly focusing on how teaching is about creating environments that promote and encourage meaningful learning. It highlights that meaningful learning is achieved when new concepts are connected logically to existing knowledge. This approach ensures that information learned is retained for a longer period.

Meaningful Learning Theory and Concept Maps - AUSUBEL, NOVAK - Simplified Transcription

• 00:00 - 00:30 hello everyone and welcome to Mr simplifi tutorials in this tutorial we dive into meaningful learning and its types Through The Eyes of David oel and also expand upon concept mapping as proposed by Joseph Novak meaningful learning is important to understand as it helps teachers devise courses and course materials to Aid learning it helps teachers design course curriculum to ensure that the students are able ble
• 00:30 - 01:00 to best absorb the training delivered there's an important discussion at the end of the tutorial please stay till the end and participate in it according to American psychologist David osabel the most important single Factor influencing learning is what the learner already knows so teachers need to assertain this and teach people accordingly to ensure that the learning process is effective what about the learning process of new
• 01:00 - 01:30 Concepts oil's learning theory emphasizes the central role that Concepts and the relationships between Concepts play in the learning process he argues that a person learns an unfamiliar concept by consciously identifying a meaningful relationship between that New Concept and one or more Concepts that he or she already understands when the new knowledge
• 01:30 - 02:00 encountered is successfully assimilated with existing knowledge this is termed as meaningful learning and the process of learning meaningfully is called subsumption ell's meaningful learning theory or subsumption Theory deals with understanding or explaining what meaningful learning is sometimes this integration of new knowledge and existing knowledge is weak leaving students to roote learn as a alternative
• 02:00 - 02:30 now root learning is essentially learning word to word without understanding the meaning and the cont context of what is learned roote learning essentially involves learning isolated facts normally associated with learning quickly just for the purpose of reproducing the material in exams now how should teachers Aid meaningful learning and ensure that students don't wrote learn according to oabel teachers
• 02:30 - 03:00 should provide relevant introductory content before new content is being introduced such introductory material should aim to connect the dots between what the learner already knows and the new Concepts these should highlight what's new and important in the New Concept summarize what's already known and Orient the learner such that he or she forms a link between known Concepts and the new material about to be
• 03:00 - 03:30 delivered unsurprisingly ell's learning theory implies that teaching itself is the process of creating situations that Fosters and encourages meaningful learning an important thing to remember is that meaningful learning involves the construction of logical links between New Concepts and pre-existing knowledge the information learned this way basically through meaningful learning therefore will be r contained longer in
• 03:30 - 04:00 our minds the process involved is called concept mapping we will be looking into concept Maps later in this tutorial before that we are looking into the types of meaningful learning there are three types representation learning concept learning and proposition learning representation learning is basic Elementary learning based on symbols and words children tend to learn words that have real objects associated
• 04:00 - 04:30 with them and mean something to them now examples include words like an apple worm or milk so these are words with children can associate with Concept learning this happens as a child's vocabulary expands this is an intermediate level of learning and includes learning words and Concepts either through the guidance of a teacher or through one's own exploration for example one can be taught about the
• 04:30 - 05:00 difference between odd and even numbers by a teacher or people will eventually figure this out on their own propositional learning this is an advanced form of learning wherein you build on your previously acquired knowledge by learning new Concepts and integrating it with existing knowledge this level requires a good foundation of representational and conceptual learning an example here is learning a new chord on the guitar this requires one to have
• 05:00 - 05:30 internalized the basics of playing the guitar now an important concept associated with meaningful learning is the concept of constructing concept Maps concept Maps represent how new knowledge links with existing knowledge this was a concept proposed by Joseph Novak now let's look into these now according to oel when several people are exposed to learning A New Concept each person will constru Ru different concept link
• 05:30 - 06:00 structures in their mind while involved in the same learning task a concept Mac diagram is a diagram produced by a student or a teacher that indicates relationships among Concepts in a given area of study it enables students to create concept links in their minds and thereby facilitates meaningful learning so concept map is essentially a diagram created usually by a teacher to indicate
• 06:00 - 06:30 relationships between various Concepts including the newer Concepts to be introduced concept Maps often have a hierarchical structure wherein the most general concepts are at the top and the specific topics are at the bottom there are some simple steps generally involved in creating Concepts map these are as follows firstly identifying Concepts in the material to be learned determining which of these concepts are more General and inclusive meaningfully linking these
• 06:30 - 07:00 Concepts to each other and meaningfully relating these Concepts to the concepts you already know let's look at an example of a simple concept map now you got to remember that each person's organization of Concepts is unique so their Concepts Maps will also be unique so a concept map produced by a teacher for all students will probably not be ideal and there's no single correct
• 07:00 - 07:30 concept map a concept map should ideally be created by the Learners themselves who are ultimately going to understand the concepts for themselves now here is an example of a simple concept map a concept map looks like a mind map but these are different concepts mind maps focus on one idea where in concept Maps connect different ideas and Concepts together these can be considered as advanced mind maps basically the below
• 07:30 - 08:00 concept map is a tree style concept map there are of course other structures like linear concept Maps circular concept Maps or network types as well here we have a simple concept map starting out with climate change as the concept in terms of meaningful learning theory the New Concept targeted or the New Concept that is to be delivered is global warming so so here we see a
• 08:00 - 08:30 connect between the presumed existing knowledge which is climate change and the new knowledge which is to be delivered which is global warming so the New Concept once learned becomes a part of the whole and this would help the student retain the new knowledge learned now how can teachers promote meaningful learning a student can be considered to have learned meaningfully when the new information acquired can be used in
• 08:30 - 09:00 solving problems better than before to promote meaningful learning teachers can try and create an environment that encourages meaningful learning below are some of the ways of doing this taking into account the previous knowledge of students trying to forge a connection between what's already learned and what's being taught concept Maps can be used where feasible making use of activities that are interesting to students using examples at all times and
• 09:00 - 09:30 trying to make the examples relatable to one and all allowing students to be an active entity during the process and ensuring that they're keeping up as you see here creating an atmosphere of conducive learning is important to delivering the new knowledge but it's also a timeconsuming process for teachers it is therefore not always possible to facilitate meaningful learning and deliver the best learning
• 09:30 - 10:00 experience with various time constraints that everybody has to play with the teachers who can still manage it can therefore considered to be good if not great teachers and now it's time for our discussion topic please let me know in the comments about the best teaching experience that you have encountered in your life I'm pretty sure you will remember it as the information you actually acquired in that process will have been retained in your brain so what what was so good about the teacher and
• 10:00 - 10:30 this teaching experience was there a different style of delivery or was there a different structure to the course and the delivery of the subject itself let me know in the comment section because as a teacher myself I would love to find out from you and also learn from your experience we can all learn from one another here okay I thank you very much uh for your attendance to this tutorial as always and as always I would really encourage you to like and share the
• 10:30 - 11:00 content in this channel including this tutorial and please take very good care of your own self thank you very much bye-bye