Secrets of the Ocean: Climate Control | Free Documentary Nature

Summary

Highlights

• Explore the ocean's role as Earth's main lung, regulating climate and supporting biodiversity 🌍.
• Discover how traditional cultures like the Bajau live symbiotically with the ocean and respect its mysteries 🌊.
• Learn about the critical role plankton plays in absorbing carbon dioxide and feeding the food chain 🌿.
• Understand the challenges posed by climate change, overfishing, and pollution on ocean ecosystems 😞.
• Realize the mutual dependency between oceans, climate, and life on Earth, stressing the need for conservation 🕊️.

Key Takeaways

• Oceans are Earth's main climate regulator, absorbing CO2 and maintaining ecological balance 🌊.
• The Bajau people live in harmony with the ocean, understanding its rhythms and respecting its power 🚣.
• Plankton plays a significant role in regulating climate by absorbing CO2 and feeding marine life 🍃.
• Climate change and human activities like overfishing and pollution disrupt oceanic ecosystems 😬.
• Scientific research and traditional knowledge both highlight the importance of protecting our oceans 🤝.

Overview

Chapters

• 00:00 - 02:00: Introduction and Earth's Early Atmosphere In the early days of Earth, slightly over four billion years ago, the planet was a fiery sphere heavily bombarded by elements in the solar system. Its primordial atmosphere was composed of dense gases, including methane.
• 02:00 - 05:00: Origins of Life and Humanity's Connection to the Ocean In the early days of Earth, the atmosphere was toxic and unbreathable, filled with ammonia. However, over millions of years, a series of events such as collisions, volcanic eruptions, and combustion processes released other gases trapped inside the planet. This led to the release of gases like nitrogen, water vapor, and carbon dioxide, primarily from active volcanoes, which began to shape the Earth's climate, setting the stage for the possibility of life.
• 05:00 - 08:00: Exploration of the Biodiversity Triangle and the Bajau People In this chapter, the importance of water vapor in the atmosphere is discussed, particularly focusing on how it facilitates the spread of oxygen. The exploration of biodiversity in the context of this natural process is also a key point in understanding the environmental dynamics that support diverse biological communities, with a special interest in the Bajau people.
• 08:00 - 13:00: Weather Monitoring in the Arctic The chapter titled "Weather Monitoring in the Arctic" explores the interconnectedness of mankind and the ocean, emphasizing our birthplace on this planet and its fragility. It highlights the vast blue planet, predominantly covered by water, and the billions of years and unique conditions required for human existence. The narrative warns that this delicate balance, which took eons to develop, is threatened by global warming, potentially leading to the disappearance of mankind. The ocean and humans are intricately linked, and their harmony is crucial to our survival.
• 13:00 - 21:00: Humboldt Current and Fishing in Peru The chapter titled 'Humboldt Current and Fishing in Peru' explores the significance of oceans in regulating Earth's climate. It highlights the journey of a team of scientists aboard Tara, who investigate the climatic origins off the coast of Peru, focusing on the giant squid fisheries. The narrative underscores how the ocean 'breathes' and the essential function it serves akin to a lung for the planet. The chapter sets a course for understanding this phenomenon, initiating the journey from the Arctic Ocean.
• 21:00 - 30:00: Tara Expedition and Plankton's Role in Climate Regulation The chapter discusses the Tara Expedition, focusing on its exploration near the island of Sulawesi and the Mikasa Strait, areas known for rich biodiversity. It highlights the lifestyle of the ocean's last nomads, the Bajau, who live in harmony with the sea, and introduces the concept of plankton's role in climate regulation.
• 30:00 - 42:00: Nomadic Life of the Bajau and Ocean's Breath The chapter 'Nomadic Life of the Bajau and Ocean's Breath' explores the connection between the Bajau community and the ocean. According to a legend, their ancestors were forced to become seafaring nomads due to a great flood that submerged their homeland. After seven days and nights adrift, they found a new paradise-like home where they have lived in harmony. Their lives are deeply attuned to the ocean and climate, as they constantly monitor changes in the sky, suggesting a deep cultural integration with their maritime environment.
• 42:00 - 56:00: Birds as Climate Indicators Expeditions in Greenland The chapter titled 'Birds as Climate Indicators Expeditions in Greenland' opens with a description of a routine practice by the Sauron clan. Each day, the clan leader and his son venture out to sea to fish, adhering to traditions that have been in place for generations. This activity is depicted as being deeply ingrained in their lifestyle and connected to the clan's cultural heritage. The narrative suggests a spirtual belief held by the clan that humanity was crafted by ancestral spirits, resulting in the formation of four distinct populations.
• 56:00 - 73:00: Threats to the Oceanic Ecosystem The chapter discusses the historical decision of the BA Jos people who chose to master the ocean over learning to write. This cultural choice is highlighted as a defining characteristic of their existence, as they have lived off the sea for generations. The focus remains on their fishing traditions and the deep-rooted connection with the ocean.

Secrets of the Ocean: Climate Control | Free Documentary Nature Transcription

• 00:00 - 00:30 [Music] [Music] in the beginning a little more than four billion years ago the earth was a ball of fire being bombarded by the solar system the atmosphere on earth was made up of heavy gases like methane or
• 00:30 - 01:00 ammonia and was unbreathable life was impossible but millions of years of collisions eruptions and combustion meant that the gases trapped inside the planet were released nitrogen water vapor and carbon dioxide were freed its from the raging volcanoes that the climate appeared
• 01:00 - 01:30 because the spread of these molecules is where everything began [Music] the high quantity of water vapor present in the atmosphere leads to a deluge that favors the spread of oxygen through the
• 01:30 - 02:00 air and offers us a birthplace the oceans here we were born in the middle of nowhere and by complete chance on this blue planet 71% covered by water and if it took billions of years and the ideal conditions for our existence it may only take global warming for us to disappear disguise mankind and the sea are linked in a fragile balance the
• 02:00 - 02:30 ocean can be considered to be the Earth's main lung even regulating its climate to better understand its role we're taking you to the four corners of the earth in the Atlantic Tara and her team of scientists who are looking in the water for the origins of the climate off the coast of Peru with the giant squid fishes because under their feet the sea gets its breath back on the banks of the Arctic Ocean where some meteorologists are the weather's Watchmen right now our journey begins
• 02:30 - 03:00 between the celebs see the island of Sulawesi and the Mikasa Strait a wonderful triangle of biodiversity where the last nomads of the sea the body of snout still live to the rhythm of the ocean [Music]
• 03:00 - 03:30 if their future is linked to the ocean their past was shaped by the climate according to legend a flood submerged their homeland and forced them to take refuge on their boats they drifted for seven days and nights until they reached this paradise like corner of the world since then they live in harmony on the horizon paying close attention to the slightest variations in the skies as
• 03:30 - 04:00 they do each day the leader of the by Sauron clan and his son : l dot e prepared to scour the ocean for their daily fish as they've always done since time immemorial at the mercy of the lapping water the beginnings of the world for us humanity was created by the spirits of our ancestors they created four populations with distinct
• 04:00 - 04:30 characteristics these populations were placed onto the four corners of the earth and formed four nations for their spirits asked each people to make a choice the BA Jos were asked to choose between knowing to write or mastering the ocean our ancestors chose the ocean they didn't want to learn to write that's why since time began generations of the jours continued to live off the sea our concern is fishing fishing with
• 04:30 - 05:00 nets or lines it's our destiny we're used to this life our universe is here if we are on land for too long our bodies start to burn the badges are intimately linked to the climate and the movements of the sky they know the cooling and regulating benefits of the ocean but their legacy has its codes and apprehensions if we provoke the sea when
• 05:00 - 05:30 the spirits have told us that's not good we act badly and things immediately happened to us we get hurt or fall ill we're not rich anymore than were poor but we have to get our sustenance and that comes through respect that's the way it is [Music]
• 05:30 - 06:00 [Music] the bad yars respect the sea in order for it to feed them they only take what they need to survive they depend on its grace and the whims of disguise as well the rain starts to fall the wind picks up cornered RT gives the order to anchor the boats to the reef and to be patient
• 06:00 - 06:30 say the name you risk your life when the sky lash is out if the storm passes that's great but the worst is when you're caught up in it if the boat takes it in water for example there are those who know how to swim and get out and those who die there's a lot of stories of boat sinking many have lost their lives like that believe me they get caught unawares
• 06:30 - 07:00 strong winds and nacet nowadays the risk is even higher the south wind is much stronger and if the winds are a little stronger than today we can't control anything there's nothing we can do apart from wait and sit it up our ancestors could chase the rain away just by blowing on the clouds but we don't know how to do that they had magic spells if we knew them we'd already have used them but we
• 07:00 - 07:30 forgot all civilizations have a history that is punctuated with floods rains or storms the history of man has been light to the climate since the dawn of time the wind is eased and by Zahran and kölner dottie decide to raise the anchor and go in search of fish where the weather is milder
• 07:30 - 08:00 [Music] [Music] at the same moment in Russia on the edge of the Arctic Ocean the Sun is rising on the little weather station in Cordova Rica because legends couldn't explain everything science and with it meteorology were born to try to understand the phenomenons of the
• 08:00 - 08:30 climate man felt the need to set up in the most remote corners of the planet the Russian Arctic is one of these strategic areas one page of the history of the climate is played out in this polar region ice and rust a few shacks that look abandoned the first village days away by snowmobile climate research won't settle for just the shining satellites here Slavic erotica is one of the last people to live like a scientific polar expedition of the X
• 08:30 - 09:00 Soviet Union he's a polar Nick a cosmonaut of meteorology Explorer of the cold at the very north of the world and forgotten Slava lives at the pace of his weather readings just where the weather and passing time meet [Applause] [Music]
• 09:00 - 09:30 but in chief resilience trauma destroy salvation this tape tells us how many hours of sunshine that has been here all that is noted recorded and sent [Music] every three hours slava measures the temperature atmospheric pressure rainfall once a week he goes to measure the thickness of
• 09:30 - 10:00 the ice field under his feet only a few centimeters of ice separate him from the Arctic Ocean but as we do this mainly to
• 10:00 - 10:30 study the ice field because the accumulation of the ice depends on the layer of snow height of the snow and its density as well here the thickness of
• 10:30 - 11:00 the ice is 70 to 90 centimeters monitoring the thickness of the ice field is crucial because it's white mantle reflects the sun's rays and protects the Arctic Ocean from warming this region is a real cold pole and is vital for the climate to function [Music]
• 11:00 - 11:30 his readings in hand slava goes to send the health report of the ice of the skies he does this at 8:30 a.m. every day his only contact with the outside world is through a radio transmitter [Music]
• 11:30 - 12:00 [Music] are you receiving it's for the weather report the weather yes yes 23 103 23 103 4 1 997 4 1 997 110 46 third section 210
• 12:00 - 12:30 87 210 87 even in the age of satellites weather stations on the ground remain indispensable Slava's readings may hang on a thread but they are reliable his data will be used by forecasters over the entire world to model the climate and understand the changes year by year in meteorology everything is connected
• 12:30 - 13:00 the difference in temperatures and pressure between the poles and the equator create winds and currents and the currents themselves both on the surface and in the depths play an important role regulating the climate in Payton Peru thanks to the currents from the depths that bring nutrients to the surface the climate is the origin of life and it's thanks to the Humboldt Current in particular that perused the second largest fish producer in the
• 13:00 - 13:30 world in paya they mainly fish for Porter the giant squid it will end up being exported as animal flour frozen fritters or surimi mix which is good news for the pie eater fishermen here everybody dreams of having a boat built or tries to go to sea they dream of fish always bigger than the last and of miraculous fishing Victor Silva the boat's captain is about to leave just time to check that his team is ready to lift the anchor and his boat the empress
• 13:30 - 14:00 Blanca Eugenia is ready to set out to take on the Pacific Ocean hi guys how's it going [Applause] Victor and his men get back to the sea there's no lifeboat to leave room for the squid and hearts filled with hope to forget that the fact they can't swim like everywhere in the world the sea has
• 14:00 - 14:30 its dangers once we went to fish for dolphin fish we hadn't been gone for long when the boat started to take on water we hadn't caught many fish and the wind was blowing quite strongly a bit like now and the material got tangled the water flooded the store and started to melt the ice we didn't have enough
• 14:30 - 15:00 left for the two remaining days of fishing also the stand for the motor had broken we were working below the lines were in the water we had a big problem [Music] it's easy to do whatever I want and throw myself into the water to go looking for squid but if God says there are no squid then I can only keep looking for them until God says now you
• 15:00 - 15:30 can and then I'll catch them men look for fish in the seas appealing to the heavens providence is as old as fishing in reality it's the Humboldt Current which decides if there will be fish in the region or not because the Humboldt like all the maritime currents carries with it billions of tiny living organisms larvae mini algae bacteria a whole collection that we call plankton and which nourishes the fish as
• 15:30 - 16:00 incredible as it sounds these little organisms at the bottom of the marine food chain also play a considerable role in regulating the climate to understand their exact function in the climate the expedition boat Tara has been traveling the oceans for over ten years and it currently has its sail set towards the southeast coast of Greenland
• 16:00 - 16:30 tarah one captain a dozen crew members all in the service of science and life from the samples of the planet's waters perseverance and conviction sailors and scientists have come together to put into perspective the essential role that the oceans play in regulating the climate
• 16:30 - 17:00 on board Gabi Gorski Plankton's specialist is about to drop his Manta net to take the first sample of the day [Music] we take the GPS positions of the start and everything else to have all the necessary data to estimate the volume and the surface
• 17:00 - 17:30 so we let it all the way out that's 80 meters so it's behind the boats wake the manta net is lowered into the water with its gaping mouth it cones the top 20 centimeters of the surface micro plankton microalgae everything that it goes to will be collected then sampled a half-hour wait for the holy grail with a
• 17:30 - 18:00 Sun that never sets in this period of the year and thanks to a high level of nutrients the Arctic waters are rich we don't have to wait long until Gaby's net finds a bloom of plankton a spontaneous explosion of life this phenomenon is so big that it can be seen from space
• 18:00 - 18:30 after half an hour the net is lifted Gabby will be able to classify and sample the plankton and so clarify its role in regulating the climate this time the collection seems to have been a great success it's incredible incredible to do a daytime collection of surface plankton and to have this many it's amazing usually we get just a little
• 18:30 - 19:00 here there's five liters and around a third is filled by little ko pods we'll take a look with the microscope to see exactly what it is a little gelatinous but a huge quantity for the surface in the daytime I've come to the conclusion that life is a miracle when we look at physics
• 19:00 - 19:30 chemistry biology genomics how has life progressed how is life created we need to be conscious that we are part of an ecosystem part of the earth part of a planet each organism is an ecosystem we are an ecosystem that causes death [Music] plankton whether it's animal base like copepods or plant base like phytoplankton makes up over 90 percent of the living mass of the oceans phytoplankton is plant based plankton
• 19:30 - 20:00 like the primal forests these mini alga allow the planet to breathe by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to free oxygen it's these little organisms who billions of years ago helped with the creation of the atmosphere it's them who started up the climate machine without them nothing would be possible they're also the first links in the marine food chain and our health depends on theirs since man is at the top of the chain
• 20:00 - 20:30 [Music] in the celeb see by sir Anand colony Dottie are a good example they've been looking for a lagoon to fish in for several days they moved to the rhythm of the plankton trying to avoid the caprices of the skies their makeshift
• 20:30 - 21:00 boat their only shelter we're nomads we live to the oceans rhythm our next destination depends on the fish who depend on the current if the current goes that way we'll follow it and if it's raining when we get there while it's raining we don't have a choice that's the way it is it's better if it's not raining of course on arrival the sun is shining and to be sure that
• 21:00 - 21:30 the currents are leading by Saran and his crew to a school of fish sibling throws himself into the water one of the best hunter divers in the region he breathes in one last time before this breathtaking adventure
• 21:30 - 22:00 [Music] sibilance seems to be one of the last people to remember that the ocean allows us to breathe he can stay underwater for several minutes looking for fish and 15 meters deep defying the limits of the human body his body is so dense that he can stay in an upright position as if he was hunting on land his heart
• 22:00 - 22:30 rate drops to 30 beats a minute his survival instinct tells him when it's time to come up [Music]
• 22:30 - 23:00 when people on land see me they ask do you use weights to go down to the bottom I tell them I don't but then how is it possible they ask how can you walk underwater in fact it's a special gift a shaman told me so and now I can stay for several minutes underwater underwater hunting is made for me
• 23:00 - 23:30 [Music] [Music] I feel good when I'm underwater and the reason I feel so good is that once I've dived and I'm at the bottom I don't think about anything it clears my head [Music]
• 23:30 - 24:00 the sea is made up of water water which for all land animals is something unbreathable and that asphyxiates except for sibling who has almost become half fish in symbiosis with the water in reality he's right the sea is the link between the surface and the depths notably thanks to the currents it absorbs carbon dioxide to release oxygen it's the sea on the surface that gives us oxygen to breathe as well as fish to eat the bauhaus can eat now one hand on
• 24:00 - 24:30 their food but one eye on the sea another on the sky because it's the season of spring tides and by Saran is weary we don't know if the tide is good or bad we don't know much about it what we do know is that if we let ourselves
• 24:30 - 25:00 drift it can take us with it the tide is the sea breathing it comes he goes nowadays the currents and the winds are stronger and stronger and we don't know why it's complicated for us the badges are like the Watchmen of the climate if the winds and the currents are stronger this is a sign of climate change because the ocean and the climate are inseparable because the skies in the sea have been linked since the dawn of
• 25:00 - 25:30 time [Music] when it turns on itself the earth produces winds which in contact with the ocean create marine currents that can move millions of cubic meters of water this is how warm water from the tropics moves towards the poles the polar regions call the warm water on the surface which becomes more dense and so it sinks to the bottom of the ocean taking with it carbon dioxide from the
• 25:30 - 26:00 air this is how the currents play the role of a heat pump that regulates the Earth's climate without realizing by Sauron and Slava are connected in the same way as the celeb sea and the North Pole [Music] it's a few days away from spring on the little weather station in Cordova Rica and Slava is taking his third reading of
• 26:00 - 26:30 the day [Music] finish quantity six to seven points wind direction south-southwest
• 26:30 - 27:00 temperature minus one point four degrees maximal minus one point two degrees and after shaking minus one point four degrees spring is arriving sooner and autumn later
• 27:00 - 27:30 dissolution collages you know with global warming the Netherlands may be flooded Russia as well though not entirely when that happens I'll be long retired I'll grow vegetables by my dacha and at the end of my garden I'll have a
• 27:30 - 28:00 little boat that I'll take out fishing anyway I'm not afraid of global warming look at this landscape you can't imagine how nice it is to be in the tundra when you travel 30 40 50 kilometers and there's no sign of any people wherever you look is immaculate white of the horizons melts away and at the end of the sky is an abyss it's endless on the
• 28:00 - 28:30 other side of the world off the coast of Peru Victor in his men are on the bridge there's something different in the air
• 28:30 - 29:00 and the water that tells them that the porter the giant squid are nearby the optimism is almost palpable it's been a while since we found as many Potter's in this season we didn't think that would be so many they're usually further north but they've been going further south for awhile this migration is a new symptom of climate change as
• 29:00 - 29:30 the planet gets warmer the plankton migrate to colder waters and with the plankton the whole food chain moves towards the poles Victor and his men are the outposts of a world that is changing their exclusive fishing zones and the laws that protected them yesterday will soon be null and void the climate is rewriting fishing maps worldwide in the desert getting their industrial fishing wants to take our place a place that we artisans have struggled to own Chinese
• 29:30 - 30:00 Koreans Japanese they all want to fish here they have the power they've practically wiped out the Sardinia and the anchovy and now they want to do the same to the pata Andy Priaulx Lazard ena Rancho Eaton Guericke earring met Ursula Porter
• 30:00 - 30:30 there are two possibilities either we fishermen sit up and take notice of this and there'll be some left in the future for that we need to adopt quotas be more disciplined practice sustainable fishing or we do nothing and in 15 years
• 30:30 - 31:00 there'll be no more while waiting for a favorable outcome on the issue of industrial fishing Victor's men still managed to get their first porta out of the water and soon the frequency of the catches confirms that a shoal of Porter is naively dancing under the hull of the bridge long retractable tentacles which
• 31:00 - 31:30 have powerful suckers to immobilize large prey changing pigments that seem to reflect their mood and a mouth that's powerful enough to crush its victims in one go this is da city curse gigas the devil of the depths in person as the fishermen like to call it the Humboldt squid [Music]
• 31:30 - 32:00 [Music] careful the wetter you are the more likely you are to slip it gives us enough money to survive and to keep our families throw the intestines back into
• 32:00 - 32:30 the water the other Porter will eat them [Music] he's a big one how much do you think it weighs eight kilos you're joking
• 32:30 - 33:00 I reckon at least 20 kilos we've caught some that weighed up to 90 kilos Porter can attack you and drag you under in one night Victor and his men have managed to catch 12 tons of Porter and fill the hold empress Blanca Eugenia can proudly return to port with her stomach full off the coast of Greenland the Terra expedition boat has just dropped
• 33:00 - 33:30 anchor Olivier Guk his wife Brigitta and their son daddy Mia have spotted an island from which they should be able to take samples and readings it's been over ten years that this family of ornithologists have traveled in the Arctic and with this Terra mission they'll be able to update a precious inventory of the birds of South Greenland the birds of the region are considered to be real indicators of the climate for this visit it's the Arctic Tern who welcomes them this bird is especially astonishing the climate and
• 33:30 - 34:00 the seasons entirely conditioned its life every year it travels seventy thousand kilometres from one pole to the other to find the best temperature for its development until it lands here and tries to reproduce before leaving that nest has two eggs which is fine there must be chicks there are you looking for the chicks Vlad
• 34:00 - 34:30 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 that makes 5 6 255 nests that's a standing there's not even two thousand square meters of suitable habitat there with
• 34:30 - 35:00 two to three eggs per nest that's more than 500 babies that can hatch on a small area like that counting nests birds feathers this type of science may seem ridiculous but in reality it's very effective for 5,000 years men have observed birds and their migrations this knowledge passed down over generations of bird watchers relates the changing climate and on this subject the Arctic Tern is a true example of resilience and hope as soon
• 35:00 - 35:30 as we hear those calls that's not Arctic ambience fitness even when you see them migrating in South Europe it's a species that is pretty emblematic of the Arctic and its migration is amazing it goes to the Antarctic in winter then comes back here to nest every year it really embodies the Arctic and this interface between the land and the sea with predators coming to feed like foxes and even itself feeding on little crustaceans little animals plankton or hell there's a chip there dead what kind of chick an Ida okay
• 35:30 - 36:00 how he speak - he was born a while ago for a scientist death and life are connected like predators and prey it's all a matter of balance I deliver very long time so it's not going to stop him coming back next year there aren't many islands that are suitable for nesting so they'll come back for a year two years three years
• 36:00 - 36:30 ten years it's not just the temperature and the thermometers that are going to affect the species it's the Eider along with the seagull that bear the ice field and the rain as well we saw in the north but there didn't used to be rain in the summer in North Greenland nowadays there's rain and some species who nest there and not at all adapted to it the chicks down only lets them survive one or two days in the rain so entire colonies are wiped out very quickly I maybe shouldn't say this but it's true
• 36:30 - 37:00 that nature will adapt in one way or another some species will disappear okay but the reason we talk so much about climate change at the moment is because it's man who will be most affected Birds well some species will disappear others will go further north so new communities with new interactions will form but it won't be the end of the world the end of the world may not happen today but by 2050 scientists predict that one in six birds will disappear one in five reptiles and one in four mammals with
• 37:00 - 37:30 the equivalent of 15 billion tons of carbon dioxide released into the air each year the ocean does what it can but the pump is reaching saturation [Music] the baddest lout nomads may not understand the workings of science but they've inherited a knowledge that Mother Nature has passed down to them the vadas teach us to listen to and
• 37:30 - 38:00 respect the elements fire earth wind and water give us heat cold and humidity the climates components are inseparable and in harmony when they're in equilibrium as soon as the sky and the tides let them corner Dante and his brothers equipped themselves with a mask and a bucket they searched the depths for
• 38:00 - 38:30 shellfish and giant clams the lives of the Badgers depend entirely on these coral reefs that they know like the back of their hands they know that the corals are alive the coral is really just a spongy mass from the jellyfish family its plankton a plankton that doesn't drift with the currents but which is fixed to the ground with their roots and
• 38:30 - 39:00 branches these coral form real tropical underwater forests and like forests they shelter life and pump carbon from the air they play a vital role in regulating the climate
• 39:00 - 39:30 yet these corals which are so important for the climate aren't disappearing most of the fishing in the region is done with cyanide and dynamite some of the fishermen come from here others from further away [Music] the resources are running out and we're not allowed to fish on the reef over there or that one as their protected marine zones
• 39:30 - 40:00 soon we won't even be able to come here we're also chased by pirates from the Philippines men have gone mad what will we become so we've come to take refuge here but this morning they go ashore to collect wood and repair the roof of the boat a paradise like Island which has well-kept secrets for bye siren stepping foot on land means taking
• 40:00 - 40:30 a risk for his whole family and putting them in danger so his only desire is to get the stop-off over with and get back out to the skies and the sea take that over there go back and rest no yes gather up these bits of wood and take the pile back to the boat put them down have a nap I'll be right there
• 40:30 - 41:00 now we never sleep on the ground everything on the ground bites us and itches especially when the night falls we're very scared at the forest there are things there that can strangle you if we're not back on the boat we're not at ease the forest demon can come out at any moment and suffocate us if we stay
• 41:00 - 41:30 there [Music] see spirits are good they warn us of any danger they look like lizards they swim up to us directly to the boats to warn us you're not allowed here it's better over there and if we treat each other badly there's a risk that the sea spirits will abandon us to keep our relationship good
• 41:30 - 42:00 we have to make offerings to the ocean and if we behave well nothing can happen to us [Music] luckily for the bad girl out by letting the watchful lizard steer them they're being guided by the sea and with it the currents the Sun and the plankton that are the origins of life on the other
• 42:00 - 42:30 side of the world spring has arrived early in a few weeks the snow will give way to sand the ice field is about to disappear the sea will gradually free itself from the ice and that's where Slava is heading with a strange fishing rod in his hand he's about to take the temperature of the Arctic Ocean
• 42:30 - 43:00 that or initial universe' so the temperature is minus 1.8 degrees on the top layer of the water the ice has lumps of nine to ten points and that's it job done before there was the ice field
• 43:00 - 43:30 last year it had practically disappeared whereas three four five years ago it stretched out two to three kilometers all throughout the Earth's history there have been similar changes warming's followed by Cooling's laura the sea it's my whole life I can't live without it
• 43:30 - 44:00 even if I retire I wouldn't be able to stay for long away from the sea you need to spend many years here to feel things it's hard to put into words and then without another word Slava turns and heads back on the Terra expedition boat Gabi Gorski continues his mission he's
• 44:00 - 44:30 getting ready to inspect the plankton who are at the origin of the climate more closely as small as they are if the plankton suffer our stress related to the rise in temperature that consequences could be fatal and it seems that a last-minute guest could already be threatening this fragile balance we have two specimens that are typical in these waters the co pods the little grains of rice and the amphipods with
• 44:30 - 45:00 the big eyes unfortunately there's also plastic floating on the surface bits of plastic [Music] Gusti a shock given that there has been life on this planet for we think nearly four billion years plastic has only existed for sixty years yet we've managed to pollute all of the waters from the north to the South Pole all the oceans nearly all of the rivers everywhere - diesel cell yeah I
• 45:00 - 45:30 sometimes tell students that is not worth throwing away your plastic bags just add some seasoning and eat it directly in any case it will find its way back onto your plates the facts young law is already on the image you can see the division and that will go back into the food chain up to the fish we know that but that's where I'm optimistic because I think everyone can
• 45:30 - 46:00 understand that including the politicians Danka and so make the effort to replace unnecessary plastic with biodegradable alternatives we know that plastic is dangerous for the food chain and for our health but it is dangerous for the climate as well by blocking the light or polluting the nutrients plastic disrupts the development of plankton jeopardizing the links that unite the sky mankind and
• 46:00 - 46:30 the sea Victor Silva doesn't want to accept this sad analysis only just returned from his successful giant squid fishing he's already left again this time with his wife and daughter he takes them to the Isla FACA where they can find at least 54 species of fish 32 species of mollusks mammals starfish and crustaceans and plenty of plankton of course and then away from prying eyes they spot an unusual colony which they
• 46:30 - 47:00 have to dock and climb up to observe go on darling a few sea lions are basking in the sunshine they're the main competition for the fishermen as they also eat the giant squid a few years ago local fishermen killed thousands of them with their oars but Victor disapproves and he has his reasons we wanted to come here
• 47:00 - 47:30 to show Bianca the diversity of marine wildlife he is special two currents merge and so there are sea lions penguins many different birds it's the first time that she's seen all these animals few fishermen think like that most only consider their own interests it's opportunism
• 47:30 - 48:00 I've been fishing for over 20 years and every day I see that the water temperature rises a little bit I'd like my voice to be heard because we have to know the damage that man is doing to the sea and marine life species are disappearing for example there are no more sardines here and in other parts of the world like off the coast of Spain there aren't as many fish as before we
• 48:00 - 48:30 need to wake up to this for our children our grandchildren that's my message we have to wake up the ocean is the climate's main regulator every living being depends on this fragile balance tomorrow's world depends on us waking it up
• 48:30 - 49:00 [Music]