The Global Migration| The Contemporary World | clifforddlc

Summary

Highlights

• Global migration boosts cultural diversity and enriches economies through the movement of people 🌐.
• Eye-opening discussion on the types of migration—internal, international, refugees, and more ✈️.
• Migration's role in economic development: remittances play a crucial role in many countries 📈.
• Challenges include brain drain and human trafficking, both requiring global action and awareness 🚨.
• Educational yet critical look at immigration policies and their socio-economic implications 📚.

Key Takeaways

• Migration is a complex social phenomenon, essential for cultural diversity and economic growth 🌍.
• There are different types of migration, such as internal and international, each with unique impacts 🌎.
• Migration is not inherently good or bad; it's a natural human behavior with multifaceted outcomes 🤔.
• Concerns include brain drain and human trafficking, which require strategic global cooperation to address 🚨.
• Despite challenges, migration can promote economic welfare through remittances and diverse labor forces 💪.

Overview

Chapters

• 00:00 - 00:30: Introduction The introduction outlines the objectives of the lesson on global migration, including understanding the reasons behind migration, how states regulate it, and its effects on economic well-being. It emphasizes that migration should not be seen as inherently problematic, as humans have always migrated. The chapter sets the stage for discussing the challenges and impacts of global migration on both the origin and destination countries.
• 00:30 - 01:00: Types of Migration This chapter delves into the concept of migration and its fundamental types, emphasizing its historical and social significance. It highlights how migration contributes to the development of populated areas, introduces diversity to communities, and benefits economies. The chapter encourages viewing migration as a complex social phenomenon rather than through a binary good or bad perspective, noting its existence prior to modern globalization. It identifies two primary types of migration: internal migration, which involves movement within a country's borders, and international migration, involving cross-border movement.
• 01:00 - 01:30: International Migration International Migration involves people crossing borders from one country to another which can be categorized into five groups: 1) Immigrants who move permanently, 2) Workers who stay temporarily for at least six months a year, 3) Illegal migrants who move without authorization, 4) Family-sponsored migrants who move following petitions from their families, and 5) Refugees or asylum seekers who are unable to stay in their home country.
• 01:30 - 02:00: Migration Criteria by Stephen Castles This chapter by Stephen Castles discusses the various criteria of migration, highlighting the reasons people may be unwilling to return to their home countries. Such reasons include a well-founded fear of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion. The chapter emphasizes that modern migrants come with different criteria for migration. One key criterion elaborated by Castles is 'temporary labor migrants,' often referred to as overseas contract workers. These individuals migrate for a limited period primarily to work and send remittances to their families back home.
• 03:00 - 04:00: Migration Debates and Policies This chapter discusses various categories of migrants, including Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), highly skilled and business migrants, irregular migrants, and refugees. It highlights the challenges and policies related to each group, particularly focusing on employment and legal documentation issues.
• 05:00 - 06:30: Impact of Migration on Economy The chapter explores the impact of migration on the economy, focusing on various types of migrants such as refugees, asylum seekers, and those undergoing forced migration due to environmental or developmental factors. It highlights the challenges faced by individuals who are unable to return to their home country due to a credible fear of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, social group membership, or political opinions. The discussion extends to the effects of such migrations on the economic landscapes of both the origin and destination countries.
• 06:30 - 08:00: Remittances The chapter 'Remittances' addresses various types of migration, including family reunification, where individuals join family members who have previously immigrated under other categories. It also discusses return migrants, who go back to their home countries after living abroad. The chapter highlights how the influx of migrants sparks debate in destination countries regarding whether migrants constitute an asset or a challenge.
• 08:00 - 10:00: Immigration and Brain Drain The chapter discusses the debate around immigration and brain drain, focusing on the perspectives of anti-immigrant groups and nationalists. These groups argue for strict government control over legal immigration and a halt to illegal immigration, citing concerns over national development and the potential erosion of national identity. The narrative includes an example of migrants from other European countries coming to Germany for welfare benefits and the growing influence of anti-immigrant sentiments through political leaders, referencing the United States' former president as an example.
• 10:00 - 11:30: Human Trafficking and Protection of Migrant Workers The chapter discusses the policies of former United States President Donald Trump and former United Kingdom Prime Minister Theresa May, focusing on their reversal of pro-immigration and refugee-friendly policies. Trump attempted to ban travel from majority Muslim countries to the United States, despite travelers having proper documentation. He also consistently reiterated his election promise to build a wall on the US-Mexico border, alongside calling for a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the country.
• 11:30 - 13:00: Conclusion In this chapter, the text critiques government actions concerning immigration policies. It underlines a lack of understanding or clarity among the country's representatives regarding immigration matters before making decisions. Moreover, it highlights that governmental decisions are often contradicted by existing data and research. For instance, it references a 2011 Harvard Business School survey, which assesses the impact of immigration, implicitly suggesting that the government's stance does not align with the findings from such studies.

The Global Migration| The Contemporary World | clifforddlc Transcription

• 00:00 - 00:30 welcome to the video today we're going to talk about the global migration so the end of this lesson you should be able to identify the reasons for the migration of people explain why states regulate migrations and discuss the effects of global migration and economic well-being of states in this lesson we will look at the global migration and its impact on both the receiving and descending countries although it will cite numerous challenges relating to global migration migration should not be considered a problem there is nothing moral or immoral about moving from one country to another human beings have always been
• 00:30 - 01:00 migratory it is the result of their movements that areas get populated communities experience diversity and economies prosper thus rather than looking at migration in terms of simplistic good or bad lens treat it as a complex social phenomenon that even predates contemporary globalization first what is migration there are two types of migration the first one is the internal migration or this refers to people moving from one area to another within one country and the second one is the international migration
• 01:00 - 01:30 in which people cross borders of one country to another international migration can be further broken down into five groups first are those who move permanently to another country or these what we call immigrants the second refers to workers who stay in another country for a fixed period at least six months in a year illegal migrants comprise the third group while the fourth are migrants whose families have petitioned them to move to the destination country the fifth group are refugees or they are also known as the asylum seekers examples of this are those unable or
• 01:30 - 02:00 unwilling to return because of a well-founded fear of persecution an account of race religion nationality membership in a particular social group or political opinion for a better understanding the migrants come now with different criterion so steppen castles provided the different criteria so the first one is temporary labor migrants from the word temporary they are popularly known as overseas contract workers who migrate for a limited period in order to work and send remittances to their families left at home
• 02:00 - 02:30 among ofw nathan overseas filipino workers we have highly skilled and business migrants they are the people with special skills and qualification who seek employment through international labour markets for scarce skills third irregular migrants or also known as undocumented or illegal migrants they are people who enter a country usually in search of employment without the necessary documents and permits the fourth one are the refugees or these are the people residing outside
• 02:30 - 03:00 their country of nationality who is unable or unwilling to return because of a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race religion nationality membership in a particular social group or political opinion fifth the asylum seekers next one is the forced migration this includes not only refugees and asylum seekers but also people forced to move by environmental catastrophes or development projects the next one are the family members
• 03:00 - 03:30 also known as family reunion or family reunification migrants team on a petition this migration is to join people who have already entered an immigration country under one of the above categories the last one are the return migrants from the world return these are the people who return to their countries of origin after a period in another country the migrant influx or the arrival of large number of people has led to a debate in destination countries over the issue of whether migrants or assets
• 03:30 - 04:00 or liabilities to national development anti-immigrant groups and nationalists argue that governments must control legal immigration and put a stop to illegal entry of foreigners all migrants from other european countries have come to germany because of the welfare benefits we fear that in 10 years if the country continues like this it won't exist anymore many of these anti-immigrant groups are gaining influence through political leaders who share their beliefs examples include the united states former president
• 04:00 - 04:30 donald trump and united kingdom prime minister theresa may who have been reversing the existing pro-immigration and refugee sympathetic policies of their states if you can recall trump attempted to ban travel into the united states of people from majority muslim countries even those with proper documentation he also continues to speak about his election promise of building a wall between the united states and mexico donald j trump is calling for a total and complete shutdown of muslims entering the united states
• 04:30 - 05:00 until our country's representatives can figure out what the hell is going on you have no choice we have no choice well the wisdom of these government actions has been consistently belied or disproved by the data 2011 harvard businesses could survey on the impact of immigration concluded that the
• 05:00 - 05:30 likelihood and magnitude of adverse labor market effects for native from immigration are substantially weaker than often perceived the physical impact of immigration and social welfare was noted to be very small furthermore the 2013 report on government welfare spending by organization for economic cooperation and development or the oecd clearly shows that native born citizens still receive higher support compared to immigrants let's take a look first the advantage of migration in a particular country both in the receiving and sending country
• 05:30 - 06:00 so first remittances it was previously mentioned in the temporary labor migrants so our ofw migrate for a limited period in order to work and send remittances to their families left at home what are remittances in the money transfer world we talk about remittances what are they well remittance is a term that was actually invented by the world bank and remittance basically means uh someone who an expat worker someone
• 06:00 - 06:30 who is living in one country moves to another country works there and sends money back home for purposes of family maintenance so let's say you are a worker in india or bangladesh or pakistan or nigeria or philippines and you migrated to the middle east to work there on construction projects or in the entertainment industry or in the hospitality industry and you know you are getting paid a salary every month you and that salary when you have collected that salary and you at the end of the month go to a money exchange company or a money transfer company and send the money back home what you're doing is called a remittance
• 06:30 - 07:00 so a remittance is money that is sent back home for purposes of family maintenance that was the original definition today the definition is very secure and depends on many various factors sometimes you don't even have to leave your country in order to get remittances case in point is if you are a virtual freelancer and you're working and you have an account with fiverr or upwork or elance and one of those you know markets abroad and you're getting money back to yourself are you a remittance provider is that a remittance well technically the laws have been adjusted to make it a remittance but basically a remittance is
• 07:00 - 07:30 when a worker works abroad sends the money back home for purposes of family maintenance it is considered a remittance remittance is considered one of the many massive contributions to the national accounts of many immigration countries let's take a look immigration at immigration when we say immigration this is the country where you came from like for example ikaw itaga philippines and you went abroad papuantown dubai the immigrant country pilipinas
• 07:30 - 08:00 you are an immigrant of the philippines you are an immigrant of dubai so you know immigrants are given the opportunity to travel abroad and to be able to learn other people's culture history and environment they became adaptive with a place where they are in and were able to obtain additional knowledge and insights which cannot be learned through books but only by interactions and of course countries are mandated to observe international cooperation to
• 08:00 - 08:30 help ensure orderly migration and to heighten the involvement of migration to development now we're done with advantage let's take a look at what hinders development what's the downside of it one of the main disadvantage brought by migration is this what we call brain drain countries around the world are competing for resources and prime among those resources is human capital when talent consistently leaves the country of birth for opportunities abroad it creates a persistent drag on the home country's economy and blights its growth
• 08:30 - 09:00 a phenomenon recognized as brain drain the pain is most keenly felt in developing countries a high proportion of high immigrants do not return to the home country overall up to one-fifth of students who study abroad do not come back at least not immediately and there is evidence that those who go for their masters and phd are least likely to return due to brain drain talent becomes scarce more expensive and hard to retain and companies begin chasing few qualified individuals
• 09:00 - 09:30 triggering the cost of talent to become exorbitantly high one temptation in handling the immigration of those educated out of the country might be to pull back on education initiatives which could have negative side effects migration has been one of the major contributors to the development of the most talent-ready countries such as singapore switzerland and canada also the possibility of earning higher income encourages people to take education more seriously and to aspire for higher education furthermore immigration of those who enter the
• 09:30 - 10:00 talent pool has been found to stimulate the development of human capital and if they do return home they bring back useful skills and professional networks back with them on top of the issue of brain drain sending states must likewise protect migrant workers the united states federal bureau of investigation lists human trafficking as the third largest criminal activity worldwide in 2012 the international labor organization or ilo identified 21 million men women and children as victims
• 10:00 - 10:30 of forced labor an appalling three out of every 1 000 person worldwide human trafficking has been very profitable earning syndicates smugglers and corrupt state officials profits of high as 150 billion us dollars a year in 2014. governments the private sector and civil society groups have worked together to combat human trafficking yet the results remain uneven so in conclusion global migration entails the globalization of people and
• 10:30 - 11:00 like the broader globalization process it is an event some migrants experience their movement as a liberating process a highly educated professional may find moving to another country financially rewarding on the other hand a victim of sex trafficking may view the process of migration as dislocating and disempowering and there you have it the global migration if there are some errors or lapses that you would like to correct please let me know in the comment section below i am open for any correction and if there are some things that you would want me to clarify
• 11:00 - 11:30 just let me know i cannot provide you the full content of what is global migration so please do your own research about this topic so that's it have a great day bye