Understanding LCSH Pattern Headings

20190918 Using LCSH Pattern Headings

Estimated read time: 1:20

Summary

This engaging webinar, hosted by Aaron LZ from the ALCTS Continuing Education Committee, features Bobby Bozeman from Minnesota State University Mankato, who enlightens us on the intricacies of using Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) Pattern Headings. Bobby, a seasoned librarian with extensive knowledge in metadata and cataloging, shares practical insights into understanding LCSH pattern headings, differentiating between editorial and free-floating subdivisions, and applying them in library processes. His approach demystifies library cataloging with practical examples and guidance on navigating these complex systems.

Highlights

Bobby Bozeman demystifies the use of LCSH pattern headings 📖
Useful guidance on navigating editorial vs. free-floating subdivisions 🗺
Interactive Q&A session clearing up common doubts ❓
Encouragement to rely on intellectual deduction in cataloging decisions 💡
Insightful explanation of conflict resolution in subject analysis 🔍

Key Takeaways

Learned about the difference between editorial and free-floating subdivisions 🎓
Gained insights into using pattern headings effectively 📚
Valuable examples for applying subdivisions in cataloging 🗂
Reassured that pattern headings make cataloging less complicated 🤓
Addressed common cataloging challenges and solutions 🛠

Overview

In this insightful webinar hosted by the ALCTS, Bobby Bozeman takes us on an educational journey into the world of LCSH Pattern Headings. At Minnesota State University, Bobby works in metadata and cataloging, which makes him a seasoned guide on this complex yet essential topic. From defining what pattern headings are to explaining the nuances of editorial and free-floating subdivisions, his knowledge is both deep and approachable.

Bobby highlights several key aspects of LCSH pattern headings, such as the reasoning behind using these models, and introduces practical ways to apply them. He explains how effectively using pattern headings can streamline cataloging processes, reinforcing the curated nature of library collections. The challenges associated with conflicts in cataloging are addressed, along with solutions to those common issues.

The session concludes with a vibrant Q&A where Bobby reiterates the importance of understanding scope notes and scope conditions. He reassures attendees to trust their instincts and use resources like LC practice notes for guidance. This webinar is a must-watch for librarians and library technology specialists eager to balance precision with creativity in cataloging.

Chapters

00:00 - 00:30: Introduction and Welcome The podcast begins with an official start, welcoming all attendees in 'listen-only' mode.
00:30 - 01:00: Presenter Introduction The chapter introduces the presenter, Bobby, highlighting his educational background and expertise. Bobby holds an MLIS from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and a Master's in Geography and English Technical Communication from MSU Mankato. Additionally, he teaches cataloging at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The introduction emphasizes his extensive knowledge and sets the stage for the presentation.
01:00 - 01:30: Webinar Logistics The chapter on 'Webinar Logistics' provides instructions on managing communication and interaction during a webinar. Attendees are muted to prevent background noise and there is no interactive chat feature available. Participants can comment on the presentation using the hashtag 'A LCT SCE' on Twitter, although this feed is not monitored. For any questions directed to Bobby, attendees are encouraged to type them into the question box provided on the screen. It is also advised to include the slide number when queries pertain to specific slides from Bobby's presentation.
01:30 - 02:30: Introduction to Pattern Headings The chapter introduces the topic of 'Pattern Headings'. It begins by informing the audience that there will be a Q&A session after the presentation. The webinar is being recorded, and attendees will receive an email with links to the recording and presentation slides after the session concludes. The chapter ends with transitioning to Bobby as the next presenter, noting a slight delay during the change of presenters.
02:30 - 03:30: Background Materials and Resources The chapter titled 'Background Materials and Resources' features a short introduction by Bobby Wolfman from Minnesota State University Mankato. He provides a geographical context for the university by referencing its location in the state of Minnesota and mentions the city’s cultural reference from the TV show 'Little House on the Prairie'. Additionally, his personal background is briefly touched upon with a mention of a picture taken in front of Hadrian's Library in Athens.
03:30 - 04:30: Learning Outcomes This chapter discusses a visit to Greece, specifically for the Affleck conference, featuring the ruins of an impressive ancient library. The chapter suggests utilizing certain tools, such as PDF files for the Library of Congress subject headings, as part of applying pattern headings in one's life.
04:30 - 06:00: Definitions and Review The chapter discusses the use of 'class web', a subscription service allowing access to subject headings and freely available PDF files. It highlights the importance of pattern headings and guides users on how to access these through class web.
06:00 - 07:30: Pre-Coordinate vs Post-Coordinate Headings This chapter discusses the difference between pre-coordinate and post-coordinate headings. It emphasizes the importance of using the Library of Congress Subject Headings Manual (SHM), which is a crucial resource for understanding and applying Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). The SHM provides comprehensive guidance on subject analysis, addressing pattern headings and other elements important for proper subject categorization.
07:30 - 10:00: Vocabularies and Headings This chapter introduces the concept of vocabulary and headings in the context of Library Science. It references Vonda Broughton van der Bratton's book, 'A Sensual Library of Congress Subject Headings,' published in 2012, which is recommended for anyone involved in subject analysis due to its accessibility and usefulness as a tool. The chapter aims to cover learning outcomes related to understanding Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) patterns.
10:00 - 11:30: Pattern Headings Introduction The chapter introduces the concept of headings and explains how they function. The discussion starts with the basic understanding of headings, then moves into differentiating between editorial headings and free-floating subdivisions, demonstrating their connection with patterns. It concludes with guidance on applying free-floating subdivisions utilizing tools available in the subject headings manual, mentioning conventions like LC for the Library of Congress.
11:30 - 13:30: Using Pattern Headings The chapter discusses the topic of using pattern headings in cataloging or classification processes, particularly focusing on the Library of Congress and free-floating subdivisions. It suggests abbreviating long terms like 'free-floating subdivision' to 'FS' for ease of use and typing. The chapter aims to provide definitions and a review of relevant concepts, indicating a focus on making cataloging practices more efficient and accessible.
13:30 - 18:00: Examples of Pattern Headings This chapter introduces the concept of pattern headings, focusing on pre-coordinate and post-coordinate headings. It discusses how pre-coordinate headings combine different terms from a vocabulary to create complex heading strings, with an example being the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). The chapter draws connections to terms that may be familiar from courses on information organization in library school.
18:00 - 21:00: General and Pattern Subdivisions This chapter discusses the concept of general and pattern subdivisions in the context of classification. It highlights the role of a classifier in pre-coordinating terms and arranging them by importance, as opposed to post-coordinate headings, which involve assigning individual terms from a vocabulary or thesaurus without an inherent order of importance.
21:00 - 24:30: Observations and Best Practices The chapter titled 'Observations and Best Practices' discusses the use of basic keywords for categorization and emphasizes the importance of standardized vocabulary in subject terms. It highlights the OCLC's FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology), which serves as a prime example of post-coordinate headings. The chapter aims to clarify commonly used vocabulary terms to ensure a shared understanding throughout discussions.
24:30 - 29:00: Q&A Session This chapter appears to revolve around the topic of bibliographic headings, specifically focusing on the concept of access points that are represented by strings of pre-coordinated terms. These headings are essential in the bibliographic record for identifying and categorizing various entities. One example provided is the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LC SH), which is an authoritative source for these terms. The chapter also mentions headings related to names, both for individuals and corporate bodies, as listed in the name authority file. These are crucial for ensuring proper identification and consistency across bibliographic records. A distinction is made about 'main headings,' which serve as the initial part of a complex, highlighting their foundational role in bibliographic classification.
29:00 - 30:00: Webinar Closing This chapter discusses the structure and function of subject headings in the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LC SH). The emphasis is on understanding the role of the main heading, which is the first term in a subject heading, regardless of its length or whether it includes subdivisions. Subdivisions are described as additional terms that are appended to the main heading, serving as descriptors to modify the context or focus of the main heading. The explanation highlights how these components work together to create a detailed and organized system for categorizing library resources.

20190918 Using LCSH Pattern Headings Transcription

00:00 - 00:30 Podcast is now starting all attendees are in listen-only mode hello and welcome to the ILECs webinar on using LCS h-pattern headings I'm Aaron LZ a member of the elect continuing education committee and I'll be your host for today's webinar our presenter today is Bobby Bozeman Bobby is a professor and metadata and emerging technologies librarian in library services at Minnesota State University Mankato Bobby catalogs monographic
00:30 - 01:00 resources and investigates new technologies he holds an MLIS from the University of wisconsin-milwaukee and an MS in geography and English technical communication from MSU Mankato Bobby also teaches cataloging for the I school at the University of Illinois at urbana-champaign he brings much expertise to today's topic and we're fortunate to have Bobby with us a few logistics for today's presentation all
01:00 - 01:30 attendees are muted to prevent background noise and we do not have interactive chat capabilities you may however comment on today's presentation using twitter the hashtag is a lct SCE we do not monitor the Twitter feed so if you have questions for Bobby please type them into the question box on your screen Bobby's slides are numbered so if your query refers to a specific slide please include that number in your question and
01:30 - 02:00 we will have time for Q&A after the end of his presentation this webinar is being recorded and you will receive an email with links to the recording and presentation slides shortly after the presentation concludes and now we'll turn it over to Bobby note that there will be a slight delay as we change presenters you
02:00 - 02:30 okay welcome everybody good afternoon so my name again this Bobby Wolfman and I am at Minnesota State University Mankato so here's a map so that you know where Mankato actually is in the great state of Minnesota many of you who watched little house in the Prairie would remember that Mankato was the big bad city and that's a picture of me in front of the hadrian's library and Athens
02:30 - 03:00 Greece I was just there for the Affleck conference so I thought that was a fun picture to show the ruins of this really great big reading room in this ancient library so some tools that we will be using today and that you would want to use as you go forth and use the pattern headings in your own life will be the PDF files for the Library of Congress subject headings itself so if you do not
03:00 - 03:30 have access to class web which is a subscription service you can get to all of the subject headings and the the freely available PDF files that you find at this very first hyperlink and then for those of you who have classification web you can also see these pattern headings if you access that particular pattern in class web you will also need
03:30 - 04:00 to make use of the subject headings manual so that's the link that you see in the middle the Library of Congress subject headings manual that's abbreviated as SH M so you will make a lot of use out of the the files that you find in the SH M and then finally if you want to do some reading on Library of Congress subject headings in general and it does a dress pattern headings as well as many other fun aspects of subject analysis and LC SH itself
04:00 - 04:30 Vonda Broughton van der Bratton has this really great book called a sensual Library of Congress subject headings published in 2012 and if you do subject analysis at all I really think this is must have it's very accessible good reading and not terribly long either so very helpful tool our learning outcomes today so first we want to understand what the LCS h-pattern
04:30 - 05:00 headings are and and how they work so that's the first thing that we are going to tackle then understanding the difference between what an editorial heading is versus free-floating subdivisions and how that works in connection with patterns and then finally how you might apply free-floating subdivisions using the tools that you have in the subject headings manual and then just some conventions here LC for the Library of Congress so when you see LC we're
05:00 - 05:30 talking about Library of Congress and then free-floating subdivision because it's such a very long word to type I like to agree be that as FS I don't know if that's actually a convention in our profession as a whole but hopefully we can make it that so that it's an easier easier thing to type out and use so I think it's best to start out with some definitions and review of some things so
05:30 - 06:00 some of you who may remember these terms from your information to organ information of organization courses from library school three coordinates and post coordinate headings so pre coordinate headings are those headings that combine different terms from a vocabulary to create a complex heading string and LC SH is a good example of three coordinated headings so we've got
06:00 - 06:30 the main heading and then we add these different subdivisions and such onto that to make a longer stream so you as the classifier you are pre coordinating the terms and arranging them in an order of importance post coordinate headings these are individual terms from a vocabulary of thesaurus that the classifier will assign but they aren't set up in a way where each
06:30 - 07:00 we'll modify another one so it's essentially you're just giving basic keywords if you want to think of it that way and oclc's fast of where fast stands for fasted application of subject terms the fast vocabulary is a really good example of post coordinate headings so some vocabulary terms so that we all know what we're talking about as we hear these words thrown around today first
07:00 - 07:30 headings so heading is any kind of access point in the bibliographic record that is some sort of string of pre coordinated terms from LC SH is one example or they may be the the authorized form of a person's name or a corporate bodies name such as you would find in the name thority file so those are what we term as headings a main heading is the first part of a complex
07:30 - 08:00 record native string so whenever we have a subject heading in LC SH no matter if it's one word or many words whether there's subdivision or not that first term that you have that's a main heading and then you can modify those main headings with a subdivision so subdivision is just a term that is appended to the main heading and serves as a descriptor you can think of it like
08:00 - 08:30 an adjective or some other kind of modifier so there are different flavors of subdivisions we've got topical Geographic chronological and form but the one that's important for us today with the pattern headings as the topical subdivisions so these subdivisions are topical subdivisions are subheadings that are limiting the specific aspects
08:30 - 09:00 of that main heading so they are making it more specific as what the topical subdivisions are doing so some topical subdivisions in LC SH exist under term that we call free-floating subdivisions so that's that ffs so this is a special list of vocabulary terms subdivision terms that can be assigned under specific types of main headings at your own discretion as long as you are
09:00 - 09:30 following the the restrictions that are set forth in the scope note of that particular free-floating subdivision so we'll see one later on and I'll point that out to you that scope notes in those restrictions a structured heading which could also be called editorially proscribed this is where there's some sort of composite heading that has been established by the Library of Congress
09:30 - 10:00 and there's only used that way so we see this a lot with with headings that are created for specific events in history such as the different world wars or the American Civil War or the French Revolution you will have these editorially constructed headings with different subdivisions there and they can only be used in that form
10:00 - 10:30 you can't break them apart and use those subdivisions on other main headings so that's the editorial nature of it we've created this it can only be used this particular way then finally for our main event today we've got the pattern headings so pattern headings are just a model that can be used for specific categories so you can look at that category and then by analogy transpose
10:30 - 11:00 the the main heading term that you have for the one in the pattern and then use any of those specific subdivisions and then you've got a composite heading that you can use in your bibliographic description so there's a lot of background reading and such that you will want to do later on after this webinar is over and as you start using these pattern headings the first
11:00 - 11:30 is that you will want to consult H 1095 free-floating subdivisions so that's the name of that particular worksheet and the subject headings manual and in particular at the very beginning of the H 1095 is a list of procedures and you want to familiarize yourself with those because it tells you how you can use the different free-floating subdivisions what different conflicts might be when
11:30 - 12:00 you can't reduce certain things so it lays all of that out for you and is a really good basis for starting any kind of subject complex subject analysis where you're going to use these composite headings that have subdivisions in them next is that you will want to consult the free-floating subdivisions so this is a different list than the H 1095 and I'm going to go to
12:00 - 12:30 the next screen so when you go to the Library of Congress's page for those subject headings PDF files you will see the list there of all of the one file for each letter of the alphabet for the vocabulary list themselves and then at the bottom there's a section called free-floating subdivisions where and I've pulled that out in this exploded view here where you've got the introduction that has its one-page that
12:30 - 13:00 gives you a brief explanation of it and then the free-floating subdivisions themselves which is a full list of free-floating subdivisions now what's weird about this is that it differs from the list that is in H 1095 the free-floating subdivisions list that is part of LCS H itself has more free-floating subdivisions in it
13:00 - 13:30 particularly ones that to go with chronology and also with music such as three piano score so there there are more that are in there I have not been able to figure out a reason why these lists differ from each other particularly when they are both called the same thing so if anyone has an answer for that I am totally game to to hear that and as
13:30 - 14:00 we'll see as we get to the end of this presentation there are many other questions that are left unanswered for us by these documents that the Library of Congress gives to us so you want to consult both of those as you start working with these things you'll also want to look at H 1100 and elite H 11:05 and the subject headings manual the first is for classes of persons the second for corporate bodies so these
14:00 - 14:30 will be lists of of subdivisions that are applicable for use under classes of persons or under corporate bodies so they've got separate lists for those specifically they're not called specifically pattern headings but they operate in that same fashion so if you've got a class of person term then you can pull up that H 1100 document look at the list of three of subdivisions in there and apply them as
14:30 - 15:00 a free-floating subdivision to your main heading which would be a class of person term which would describe somebody like students or physicists or something like that and then it would parallel with corporate bodies then we've also got another set of free-floating heading types so again they're not called patterns but they operate in this same
15:00 - 15:30 sort of way so we've got worksheets for ethnic groups for names of persons names of families names of places and bodies of water so whenever you encounter subject headings of that nature of that type of category then you can go to these documents in the subject headings manual and see a nice list of free-floating subdivisions can be used under that type of term and then finally you're going to want to
15:30 - 16:00 consult the appropriate subject cutting manual worksheet for the pattern category that you're going to be working with so there's a whole list of them that we'll see in a couple of slides here we'll see some examples and so some some selected examples here are animals literary works entered under author materials plants and crops so there's a whole long list of them that we can look at so the first one that you want to
16:00 - 16:30 open and do reading on after you have finished reading the H 1095 for the free-floating subdivisions is this H 11 46 subdivisions controlled by pattern headings so it gives you the background and how these came about and it will also go through and give you some parameters for use of these different
16:30 - 17:00 pattern headings and a general sense so the idea here is again that when you have a term of a certain height that you can then look for its specific pattern and then follow what you see in that pattern for all of the different subdivisions that you could use with it what this does is it saves space they don't have to put all applicable subdivisions with every single heading
17:00 - 17:30 that exists in LC SH itself so that would actually create a really big book even though they don't print those red books anymore and make probably make using class web itself unwieldy let alone the the PDF files very unwieldy one of the things that the document will tell you is that if there's a conflict then you would need to follow that designation for the
17:30 - 18:00 conflict so here's an example for parts of the body one of the pattern headings that you would look at is the subject term for heart and heart will give you a list of all of the applicable subdivisions that you can use for organs and parts of the body so let's say you have a book about dislocated arms so you would end up with using that pattern substituting the LCS
18:00 - 18:30 each term arm where you see heart and so you would get arm dislocation and so this is a valid heading if you go to the a PDF page or you look up arm in LC SH you will not find a conflict you will see that arm dislocation is valid because that pattern tells us that it is however if you use a different body part like joints and lookup joints
18:30 - 19:00 dislocation so dislocation is one of the subdivisions that is valid for it under the pattern of heart but if you look up joints list dislocation then LC SH is going to give you a reference it conflicts with the approved heading which is simply dislocations so you will see use dislocations so that's an example the conflict that you're gonna
19:00 - 19:30 want to be mindful of so the the lesson here is that even though you've got these sheets that tell you all of these subdivisions are valid under headings of this type of category you still want to look it up in the main subject vocabulary list of LC SH to be sure that it isn't conflicting with some sort of different form that has already been editorially established in LC SH itself so read through those procedures in h
19:30 - 20:00 1095 the free-floating subdivisions it goes through in detail I'm easy to understand the tail actually of what to do when you are working with these subdivisions so let's take a closer look at what these pattern headings are so there's five different subject or discipline areas that LC has has created within each
20:00 - 20:30 subject discipline area there are categories so across these five subjects there are 27 different categories and then across these 27 different categories there are 45 different pattern headings so for some categories there's only one pattern that that's available for some categories there's more than one pattern cutting that is available so they give you in that 11:46
20:30 - 21:00 they give you a chart for each subject area listing the different categories that are in that particular subject area and then they show you the pattern that you can use for that particular category and then they also point you to the subject heading it's manual document that you would consult for the full list of those subdivisions that you can use
21:00 - 21:30 with that type of pattern and so on the right side of the screen you will see a snippet from the web page for the subject headings manual that just shows you that long list that is available for the subject headings controlled by pattern the subdivisions controlled by a pattern heading sorry so the very first one HL Evan 46 is the master document general one that tells you how they work
21:30 - 22:00 and then it goes in alphabetical order for the different types of categories that you might find so animals art chemicals colonies diseases etc so it goes through that list so you can access them this way as well you can just visually scan down that list and say I'm working with a subject term that happens to be a type of material so I can access H 11:58 and see all of this
22:00 - 22:30 subdivisions that are valid for use under a topical subject term that is a type of material within each document it's going to explain and not all of these will always be covered but it will explain the types of headings that are covered if there are any conflicts it will tell you what to watch for and what
22:30 - 23:00 to do when conflicts are encountered so not every worksheet will have that particular section but some do the same for provisions you will see various provisions that you may need to consider as you're working with them and then finally LC practice so again when we're looking at the subject headings manual these things are being written for a wider audience but it will also include when it's pertinent to specific LC
23:00 - 23:30 practice and that is something that on a library by library case you can choose to follow and then for if you're following PCC then you would probably need to also follow LC practice for for that particular provision that you find so let's take a look at how we can use the pattern headings so here on below we
23:30 - 24:00 see a snippet of the chart that is in that H 1146 document and it shows us the subject field social sciences and then it gives us this cat these lists of categories industries and industries has two different pattern headings that you can consult you can look at construction industry and you can look at retail trade for types of educational institutions you can look at universities and colleges if you have an
24:00 - 24:30 individual educational institution then you would look up Harvard University and for legal topics you would look up labor laws and legislations so those are the LC SH headings that that work as the pattern and when you look at them either in the PDF file or in class web you will see all of the subdivisions that are valid for use under terms of that type
24:30 - 25:00 of pattern okay so let's take a look if you've got a if you have a term that is an animal you can look at fishes or you can look at cattle so if we take a look at cattle and this is coming out of the PDF so this is what the print version of LC SH would look like when you look at cattle then you see this long list of subdivisions that are valid for use
25:00 - 25:30 under the term cattle or any term that is an animal and so we've got cattle abnormalities cattle age cattle age determination cattle aging and then as we see here the next one there are two m - is there so that would be cattle aging prevention etc as we go down the list so the majority of these that we are seeing are these pattern
25:30 - 26:00 headings so these are these are coming out of that pattern heading list it's not always true that the list that you see under a particular term of the subdivision list that you see under a particular pattern term it is not always true that all of them are part of that pattern because a couple of them may have been editorially established for use with that particular
26:00 - 26:30 term itself so you while the pattern itself when you look in the LCH vocabulary list is a really great place to do a quick search and see what are my options and one of the things that I like to do when I've got a particular term that would fit a pattern is to come to something like this and and look at it because it kind of lays out all of your options in a in a format that's
26:30 - 27:00 easy to for the eye to scan over and say yeah my work is about diet therapy or my work is really about grooming or something like that so it makes it much easier to zoom in on a specific term that would be a better fit for the subject analysis that I'm doing however you still need to go to the specific s hm worksheet for animals and make sure that the subdivision you found is
27:00 - 27:30 actually a valid subdivision for use under that pattern because if it's under the pattern heading let's say I find cattle genetic aspects that I go this isn't true I'm just using it for an example purposes but I go to that list of subdivisions for animals and I don't see genetic aspects in that particular list then what that's going to tell me
27:30 - 28:00 is that cattle genetic aspects is an editorial II established heading that is only valid for use under the term cattle and I would need to keep looking for something else so you do need to consult both places just to verify that the term you want to use really is applicable so the when you're using the pattern
28:00 - 28:30 headings the thing is is that there's no indication when you're looking at a given term in LC Sh that it would fit under any specific pattern heading you as the classifier just have to use your own intellectual deduction skills to recognize that this vocabulary term I'm working with might have a pattern and go and look at that
28:30 - 29:00 list of different patterns from the different categories to see if there is one that you can use and substitute by analogy so that is not part of the creation of LC Sh vocabulary terms to say that this specific new term we're adding to LCS H would fit under a specific pattern heading that doesn't happen you have to figure it out on your
29:00 - 29:30 own so what you're doing is inferring on the basis of analogy so for example maybe you've got mangrove forests which is the established term for just the the trees themselves so that would fit under the category of plants and crops and then you would go to that category of plants and crops and you would see that the pattern heading is corn so you can look up corn in LCS H and it would look
29:30 - 30:00 something like this like we were just looking at for cattle and it would provide you a list of the subdivisions that you can use under a pattern or category that is a plants and and/or crop again don't assume that a term that fits a pattern and subdivision for that pattern are valid there may be a conflict so going back to that earlier example we saw with joints dislocation
30:00 - 30:30 so there was a conflict there where when we looked up joints dislocation told us to use the term dislocations so you will always want to look up the specific heading that you're working with to be sure that there is no conflict there and then all of these compound headings as well you want to look them up so any elses each term and subdivisions just always look them up and make sure that there's no conflict
30:30 - 31:00 there before you apply a pattern so there's also the established headings with a pattern and subdivision sometimes you will run into these where there is a reference that needs to be made from a particular string for broader or narrower terms or between related terms so for example the term dogs that's an
31:00 - 31:30 animal so it would fit under the pattern for animals and we would look at cattle or fishes for the list of terms that would be usable valid under the term dogs so normally when you look up dogs in the LCH vocabulary itself you're not going to see any of those subdivisions that are part of the pattern and lass
31:30 - 32:00 Elsi needed to create that Authority record so that it could be used for these different references so the only way that we can show that the dog collars has the broader term of dogs equipment and supplies is to establish that petting dogs equipment and supplies so you will run into cases where there
32:00 - 32:30 is an established heading in LC SH itself that is part there's actually part of a pattern and it's there for the purpose of providing these cross references so dog collars and dog leashes are narrower forms of dogs equipment and supplies so that's one that has been established instead of looking at the subject heading heart and finding that surgery is a valid subdivision for use there
32:30 - 33:00 when you look up liver you will find that surgery so liver would by analogy be heart for the pattern so normally you would just say I've got liver for my subject I'm gonna look up heart I see surgery is a valid one and when you look up liver surgery you're gonna find that the narrower term is hepatectomy so that had to be established for that narrower term reference to actually work here's
33:00 - 33:30 another one bones metabolism and irken aspects has a related term calcium regulating hormones and so again bones metabolism endocrine aspects so those two subdivisions metabolism and the current aspects is part of the pattern for parts of the body and organs of the body so normally it would need to be
33:30 - 34:00 there with the subject heading of bones but we do need to have that established for the related term heading to actually work so here's some more examples literary works entered under title tells you to see Beowulf and so normally we would think of names of works whether they're entered under a personal name name title type of structure or just the
34:00 - 34:30 title itself preferred title where we would go to the name authority file and look those up and that is where you would find the authority record for that particular work as a work it will be in the name authority file but for these patterns that happen to make use of a name or title type of heading you will find them in LC SH not in the name
34:30 - 35:00 authority file so you would look up Beowulf in the name I'm sorry in LC Sh not the name authority file and that's where you will see all of those subdivisions that are applicable to a literary work entered under title so normally the literary works are going to be works of fiction but the way that literature is defined in LC SH is it's just the written form so it doesn't discriminate between
35:00 - 35:30 fiction and nonfiction so you can use the title of resource description and access as a subject and it is a literary work that is entered under title so you would end up with a 630 field in the marked format for resource description and access as a subject and then subfield X language is one of those subdivisions under the pattern for literary work entered under title and
35:30 - 36:00 then that might be about the language that is used the way that that English is expressed in RDA itself because you may remember that there were some problems early on that came up as they were trying to translate RDA into other language and they realized that they needed to simplify and restructure the the language so that could be a subject heading for a work that talked about
36:00 - 36:30 that particular activity for materials we would look up the term concrete or we would look up metals so I thought about Teflon which when you look that up it says to use the term poly tough so that's what we would use poly tough is the established term in LCS H and one of the subdivisions that's valid under concrete or under metals is quality
36:30 - 37:00 control so if you've got something about the quality control of cookware that uses Teflon and cookware industry then you can use this subject cutting poly Tov quality control and then leave what legal topics I thought was a good one so see labor laws and legislation so for a main heading political persecution you could look at perfectly we would look up labor laws
37:00 - 37:30 and legislation and then substitute political persecution in its place and then use any of those subdivisions that are available trial practice is one of them another one that's interesting with legal topics is that the the complex heading acid rain law and legislation that also is a type of heading that can then use any of the subdivisions that are available in the legal topics
37:30 - 38:00 patterns so acid rain law and legislation that is a legal topic and then you can add to that one of those subdivisions from the the list in under labor laws and legislation or from the subject headings manual that expressly talks about legal topics so general and pattern free-floating subdivisions so
38:00 - 38:30 there's the general free-floating subdivision list that's that big one that H 1095 that's got the full list of free-floating subdivisions that you can use almost that will as long as it fits the scope note that you find with that particular subdivision and those are not included under the pattern heading list so but that doesn't mean that they're
38:30 - 39:00 mutually exclusive so for example if you look over on the right we see cattle behavior cattle biography cattle breeding so that's a little screen clip that I took out of class web and what you notice there is that cattle bibliography is not part of that list that doesn't mean that cattle bibliography is not valid it is bibliography is a valid term in the free
39:00 - 39:30 floating subdivisions lists that you can use as long as it works for the scope note that you see here and so it's always why is to read the scope notes the for the scope note for bibliography says and I'm just gonna read the bottom one because that's where it's applicable or actually both of them sorry uses a form subdivision under subjects for works consisting of bibliographies about the subject so that's what cattle
39:30 - 40:00 bibliography is it is a work about that is a bibliography about works on cattle so that's the valid heading you're not going to find that in the pattern heading list so the pattern heading is specific to that type of category but that doesn't mean that the free-floating subdivision terms are things that you can't use you may certainly use them as long as they fit and as we read this
40:00 - 40:30 uses a form subdivision under subjects for works consisting of bibliographies about the subject we can see that cattle is completely consistent with the instructions we're getting from the scope note here so here I want to really try and illustrate the difference
40:30 - 41:00 between editorial pattern and free-floating subdivisions so we'll look at motion picture industry taxation first this is an editorial type of heading if we look up the h-11 53 industries list of pattern subdivisions taxation is not in there so motion picture picture industry taxation when we look that up in LC SH it is a subject
41:00 - 41:30 heading that's valid for use it has been editorially constructed for use even though taxation as a subdivision is part of the industries pattern lists so it's there for you to use if we look on the free-floating subject headings list we also find it there but keep in mind that the scope note precludes it's used as a free-floating subdivision under a
41:30 - 42:00 motion picture industry because this scope notes and the free-floating subdivision for taxation is about products not about industries and this is why we have it editorially constructed and supplied to us for use that way another one here is coming from the pattern itself so if we look up h 1153 and look at that list in under
42:00 - 42:30 industries list of pattern subdivisions we will find that the subdivision accidents is one of the valid subdivisions for use under any type of industry so motion picture industry accidents that's valid we will also find that these pattern subdivisions for the most part all of them are also going to be listed in the free-floating subdivision list and of course we want them there so they are applicable for
42:30 - 43:00 use under other types of headings at certain times but the pattern what the pattern is doing is just pulling out very specific kinds of categories that are maybe encountered more often enduring some subject analysis and then finally if we look up the if we look at motion picture industry study in teaching study and teaching is not a
43:00 - 43:30 term in the pattern list so we would not find it there but it is a pattern in the free-floating subjects subdivisions list and so we can certainly use it here because it applies for a work that would talk about the study and/or teaching of or about the motion picture industry itself so the free-floating subdivisions are not mutually exclusive with the pattern list of headings one thing I
43:30 - 44:00 should also add is that when you look at these specific category lists of subdivisions that are applicable for use they just give you the subdivisions themselves they do not give you the scope note so even though you've got that list of those subdivisions that are applicable for use under that particular pattern or category you still need to go to the free-floating subdivisions
44:00 - 44:30 document and look up that particular subdivision and read that particular scope note for that subdivision and just to verify and make sure that everything is kosher and everything lines up okay so there's a lot of flipping back and forth between all of these different documents as you go about using them and then finally I want to wrap up with a
44:30 - 45:00 couple of observations or questions again the subject headings manuals that subject heading manual worksheets for pattern headings are giving you specific guidance for the types of terms that are applicable and the types of terms that are not applicable under certain types of under certain types of main headings based on what type of category that main heading is is it a class of person is it an industry is it an animal so forth and
45:00 - 45:30 so on what we don't know and this is one of the things that the subject heading is manual and the all of these documents that we get from the Library of Congress they don't give us the background their reasons why certain decisions were made we don't know what the intent was behind having two or more representative patterns for example so when we look at animals we've got cattle and we've got
45:30 - 46:00 fish so is the idea here that the cattle term is covering land animals land and air and fish is covering animals that the in water or is the difference here that cattle is for animals that have live births versus egg-laying animals knowing that not all fish lay eggs but a majority do so we don't know why we don't know the why or that intent behind
46:00 - 46:30 a lot of the choices that have been made we don't know the reasons why certain things have been established or given to us we just have to take them as they are presented to us and then my closing piece of advice is don't second-guess yourself if it feels right and you've checked off all the boxes for this is
46:30 - 47:00 that type of this term fits by analogy with that pattern and there's no conflict and it looks like it works to me you can also look it up in a different catalogue and see if other people use that particular construction in in other bibliographic records and finally the to take these scope notes at face value and as we all know when we're
47:00 - 47:30 looking at LC SH subjects in particular most of them have no scope notes and give us no indication of how we should really define that particular term I've certainly sat there and gone back and forth on whether a particular term means this or that or some other thing and and sometimes the best we can do is go with our best instinct
47:30 - 48:00 generally speaking we know that these terms and these scope notes and these instructions that are given to us are meant to be written clearly they're not meant to be difficult to understand and so if we just read them and take them at face value and and try not to second-guess ourselves then we can usually arrive at a good answer and don't be afraid that too if
48:00 - 48:30 it ends up being air quotes wrong you tried and that's that's all we can always hope for for any of us I think if I did it right we've got about 10 minutes left for questions yeah thanks Bobby um so if you have not entered your questions into the question box yet please go ahead and do so now so that we
48:30 - 49:00 can make sure that we get to them and we'll start with Bobby you had mentioned that you just kind of have to become familiar with the categories that are potential pattern headings how did you go about becoming familiar with that did you check every time the heading came up did you keep them posted next to your desk what do you have a suggested method for getting used to that yeah so I know they're there I sort of remember them what I tend to do is go and I look
49:00 - 49:30 at the subject headings manual and just kind of scan that part of the list and say is my term one of these categories and that can be a really helpful way of doing it the list is so long of pattern headings what did I say there were 45 pattern headings so I thought about that like is there a really easy way to create some sort of chart or handout to put on my wall that I can look at and I
49:30 - 50:00 I've been too lazy to do that but maybe this is something that that we can come up with it at some point because I do find the layout that they put in H 1146 a little a little wacky the way that they have it represented it's not alphabetical by a discipline like I've got it listed here I think science and technology is last and social sciences is seconds or something like that so at
50:00 - 50:30 any rate yeah I just like going here and scanning through that that list on the subject and headings manual homepage alright thank you and we have a question about slide 16 for the entry on Beowulf would you still have a 6 X X field that includes Beowulf itself are you just end
50:30 - 51:00 up using that 630 field trip in that I think I know it's being so Beowulf is the pattern right though Beowulf is a literary work that's entered under title because we don't know the creator so if you have a work about Beowulf it would be 6 3000 subfield a Beowulf and then you would apply any of those subdivisions from that particular
51:00 - 51:30 pattern for literary work entered under title that are applicable Beowulf is is you would substitute your literary work for Beowulf itself so here we're substituting resource description and access for the term Beowulf is that is that the is that the question that's being asked I think yeah yeah I think that thank you so you're referring mostly to the Elsi
51:30 - 52:00 documentation in the subject heading manuals for someone who mostly uses class web do you think class web is sufficient no so class web gives you no indication that anything is a as part of a pattern for starters you would you there's no there's no list in class web that says these are the pattern header and cuttings you would have to make use
52:00 - 52:30 of the subject headings manual to know which headings are patterns in which subdivisions are applicable under a specific pattern and then again you would need to look up whatever you're substituting by analogy to make sure that there is no conflict so the I think the key thing to remember is that we can't just rely on class web it's the the tool that replaces the read books themselves but when we were using
52:30 - 53:00 the read books before we had class web as a tool we still had to consult the subject headings manual for how we would apply and make use of certain subject headings and patterns and things like that all right thank you um so this one is a little long what if you added enough questions a little long what have you added subdivisions by mistake or innocently for example something from
53:00 - 53:30 the industry pattern list added to a crop heading in this instance let's say it's not a free-floating subdivision would OCLC still control this combination it might it might we've I've I've seen things that aren't actually valid but controlled because because the control headings function of
53:30 - 54:00 WorldCat and in connexion isn't looking to see necessarily sometimes it does but it isn't always able to tell that all three of these pieces for example you can actually go together in a valid manner things that it does know how to do it knows that let's say the the topical term and the first topical subdivision both allowed geographic subdivision so if you put your your
54:00 - 54:30 geographic subdivision in between those it would flip it around and correct it for you but it wouldn't necessarily know there's no way for it to know that the term you're using isn't part of that pattern so it would accept it so yeah you would have to you have to do all the the thinking with that and I think that's a good thing because we don't want artificial intelligence to take
54:30 - 55:00 away the fun of subject analysis and classification from us right exactly and so if you have to take what the control headings is doing with the grain of salt it sounds like there's not any other automated tool out there that we could trust more in terms of validity correct correct okay great well that actually wraps it up we have not had any more questions come in so thank you very
55:00 - 55:30 much Bobby this was an incredibly informative and interesting session and thank you to everyone else for being with us today you all will soon receive a short online evaluation form so if you could please take a few minutes to respond to the questions your comments are very valuable and do help the elect continuing education committee plan future events and the email will also include the links to today's slide and recording as well as the information about the opportunity to receive a
55:30 - 56:00 certificate of attendance and thanks once again to our presenter Bobby Bozeman thanks also to members of the continuing education committee Joseph Nicholson and Dana Hanford and to Elana Warren from the elect's office the support that they provide make it possible for us to present these webinars ILECs does have other continuing events I'm sorry continuing education events coming up we have a full fall webinar season ahead of us till the next webinar will be Wednesday September 25th on
56:00 - 56:30 acquisitions work from competencies to competent please see the elect's website to register or find more information on these Analects also offers web courses which are four to six weeks long as well as two-day email discussions our next a forum will be on October 15th discussing team-building and technical services check the website for information on upcoming courses and discussions so once again thank you all for joining us today and this will conclude our session
56:30 - 57:00 you