English 101: Continuation of Cause and Effect Essay

Summary

This session led by James Boswell covers essential aspects of writing cause and effect essays and wraps up English 101 with reflections on logical reasoning, societal influences, and historical perspectives. Boswell walks students through the intricacies of essay structure, urging them to stay organized and committed to improvement. By incorporating discussions on logic, real-life implications, and societal issues, he also emphasizes the critical thinking required for effective writing. Additionally, students are reminded of upcoming deadlines and the importance of self-assessment through provided materials and exercises. The class ends on a positive and encouraging note, reminding students to use holiday time wisely and to stay engaged with their coursework.

Highlights

• Emphasis on logical reasoning in writing 🤔.
• Importance of post-writing exercises for better grades 📈.
• Encouragement to use tutoring resources 📚.
• Using holiday time effectively for academic success 🎓.
• Incorporating real-world issues into essay topics 🌍.

Key Takeaways

• Pay attention to logical reasoning in your essays 🤓.
• Remember to include outlines and post-writing exercises for full credit 📚.
• Stay organized by using peers and tutoring resources 💡.
• Use your holiday break to catch up and get ahead on assignments 🎓.
• Practice critical thinking by analyzing societal issues through writing 🌍.

Overview

In this engaging continuation of English 101, James Boswell pulls students into the fascinating world of cause and effect essays. The session focuses on understanding logical constructs and their applications in writing, urging students to develop well-structured essays that reflect critical thinking. Boswell’s interactive method ensures that students appreciate the real-life relevance of academic writing.

Boswell underscores the significance of organization and thoroughness in assignments. He leverages humor and relatable anecdotes to make the vital facets of the coursework resonate. Highlighting both practical and theoretical aspects, Boswell empowers students to synthesize information effectively.

As the session closes, Boswell provides heartfelt guidance on preparing for upcoming papers and exams, underscoring the value of self-assessment and continuous improvement. Students are left with a message of encouragement to use breaks wisely for a seamless transition into future assignments and classes.

Chapters

• 03:00 - 08:00: Introduction and Announcements The chapter provides an introduction to the main topics that will be covered in the book. It sets the stage for the subsequent discussions and outlines the objectives. Key announcements relevant to the context of the book are also included, which helps in aligning reader expectations with the content that follows.
• 08:00 - 13:00: Cause and Effect Essay Discussion The chapter on 'Cause and Effect Essay Discussion' provides an in-depth look at how to structure and develop essays that explore causal relationships. It begins by defining cause and effect essays and outlining their purpose, which is to analyze reasons and outcomes of particular events or situations.
• 13:00 - 20:00: Comparison and Contrast Paper This chapter provides a detailed guide on how to write a comparison and contrast paper. It highlights the importance of choosing a subject that has clear similarities and differences, ensuring a balanced analysis. The chapter outlines the structure of such a paper, beginning with an introduction that presents the two subjects being compared and contrasted. Following this, the main body is organized either by subject or by point, where each aspect of comparison is discussed in turn. The chapter emphasizes the significance of using transitional words to clarify the comparisons and contrasts being made. Finally, it concludes with advice on writing a strong conclusion that synthesizes the insights gained from the analysis. The chapter serves as a comprehensive resource for anyone looking to effectively analyze and articulate differences and similarities between subjects.
• 20:00 - 30:00: Reminders for Final Exam and Assignments This chapter provides reminders for students regarding the upcoming final exam and pending assignments. It emphasizes the importance of staying organized and keeping track of due dates to ensure timely submission of all coursework. The chapter might also outline any specific topics or materials that will be covered in the final exam, as well as offer tips for effective study strategies and time management.
• 30:00 - 39:00: Logical Fallacies and Argumentation Techniques Chapter Title: Logical Fallacies and Argumentation Techniques The chapter provides an overview of common logical fallacies and effective argumentation techniques that can be employed in discussions or debates. Each type of fallacy is explained with examples, helping readers to identify them in everyday conversations. The value of constructing sound arguments and avoiding flawed reasoning is emphasized, highlighting how these skills can lead to more persuasive and rational discourse. Techniques for countering fallacies and enhancing argument strength through logic and evidence are also covered, equipping readers with practical tools to improve their argumentative abilities.
• 39:00 - 48:00: Historical and Literary Examples The chapter titled 'Historical and Literary Examples' seems to be incomplete, with only an 'e e' transcript available. Without further content, it is impossible to generate a meaningful summary. Please provide additional information or context from the chapter.
• 48:00 - 58:00: Writing Techniques and Principles The chapter 'Writing Techniques and Principles' begins with a simple greeting, 'good morning', suggesting an informal or conversational tone. Due to the limited content provided, a detailed summary of specific techniques or principles covered in the chapter cannot be generated.
• 58:00 - 66:00: Cause and Effect Essay Structure The chapter introduces the participants and sets the stage for a discussion on the structure of a cause and effect essay. The speaker greets attendees and prepares to start the lesson.
• 66:00 - 76:00: Reading and Story Suggestions In this chapter, the speaker acknowledges attendance and participation in an ongoing session or meeting. They emphasize the importance of the topics to be discussed, which include further clarification of cause and effect. The speaker appreciates the attendees for their presence and sets the stage for the discussion ahead.
• 76:00 - 84:00: Class Conclusion and Farewell The chapter titled 'Class Conclusion and Farewell' focuses on a reminder that a comparison and contrast assignment is due today. It marks the end of a class session, likely summarizing the key points and assignments before concluding.

English 101: Continuation of Cause and Effect Essay Transcription

• 00:00 - 00:30 for
• 00:30 - 01:00 for
• 01:00 - 01:30 for
• 01:30 - 02:00 for
• 02:00 - 02:30 e
• 02:30 - 03:00 e e
• 03:00 - 03:30 good morning
• 03:30 - 04:00 everyone good morning hope uh you're all doing well sharp good morning Santos and cagno and paholski and Hoy Mr Hoy and miss an M an we'll get underway shortly I'm just uh doing a lot of running this morning
• 04:00 - 04:30 trying to get caught up glad you all were able to attend or are some important things we do want to discuss present so further clarify cause and effect and to remind
• 04:30 - 05:00 you that um comparison and contrast is due today
• 05:00 - 05:30 I hope you'll be able to um spend time with LED ones safely which you may already be doing at this point um because the recommendation from the CDC is
• 05:30 - 06:00 um just the immediate household of course they're saying that tomorrow it's going to be in the 60s so some people may make the decision to be outdoors which is uh better place to be under these conditions due to the um
• 06:00 - 06:30 the fact that there's air circulating um and if uh and inside the home if you're one's not going to go Outdoors they definitely I don't think they said this but they definitely should have all the windows open just can't take too many precautions can't eliminate all risk U which would be nice if you could if we could do that but uh you can reduce risk and that's what we all must keep in mind
• 06:30 - 07:00 so anyway I won't be visiting anyone this time around all right now we need to get started here um my usual reminders but I find it important to remind let's see yeah okay I'm just making sure that everything is the way it need needs to
• 07:00 - 07:30 to be oops what did I just do stop my share here and start again start again sometimes you click the wrong thing well you probably know something about when you try to click on something click the wrong thing and something weird happens but anyway the grammar packet I hope you've already
• 07:30 - 08:00 completed it on yesterday I sent you answers to a lot of the exercises I haven't figured out how to do comma yet but um transitions the answers are on the page and if the sentence makes sense you're probably right so I didn't see the need of typing that up but I did type of everything else um sentence skill review um sent that to you um sentence
• 08:00 - 08:30 combining sent the answers to you you um and all the agreement exercises so it's incumbent upon you to check your own work if by some strange happen stance you did not get to it you still have the answers and you still should go through it one way or the other because it will be um items similar to those
• 08:30 - 09:00 exercises on the final exam so I just thought I would um make you aware of that and I also resent theme organization worksheet and the outline and the post-writing exercise for comparison contrast I did send that to you as well you know just in case you couldn't find it because I did get an email or two that said they couldn't locate it they know where it's at and that kind of thing so I just you know what my original plan was sent to
• 09:00 - 09:30 everybody anyway um again because it seemed to improve when I was evaluating the um working on the process analysis uh essays more people seem to have the parts there's still some that just you know they have with my mother used to say a hard head and they don't quite get it that I want along with the final draft them organization work sheet an outline at least have an outline if
• 09:30 - 10:00 you can't figure out anything else in postwriting exercise and I find them very interesting to read and it helps me and it helps your grade because I have up some grades because of the well-written post-writing exercise after I had read the paper I thought one thing about the paper but the post-writing exercise when it's absent I reduce grades when it's well done I provide more points so CIS and contrast paper number five doe today Wednesday no 25th
• 10:00 - 10:30 2020 11:59 in the Dropbox two to four typewritten pages theme organization worksheet final draft which is double space outline post-writing exercise underlying thesis plan of development and topic sentences and yes it is worth 100 points I think I've said that a 100 times um working through cause and effect I'm going to try to finish it today um review MLA
• 10:30 - 11:00 documentation you either by uh through Google or through the um PDF I sent you Raber's daughter read all the handouts then you might want to read the story too I think I would read the handouts first and then read the story and then everything jumps out at you because you know what to look for and do make plans to prepare for the final exam and the best preparation is any notes that you have taken and um the study
• 11:00 - 11:30 guide um it's objective and Essay as we said before it's available um during final exam week it's available the whole week um from December 6 to December 10th two hours 25% of the grade located under quizzes uh uh Thanksgiving holiday begins tomorrow and I was kind of um encouraging you to be be safe but also
• 11:30 - 12:00 in enjoy I mean life is to be enjoyed and to be lived to the full but you got to use wisdom uh and Friday the 27th um uh is part of that package there we don't meet of course any any of those days but you may have classes on those days and they will not be held um we will begin again on Monday you know uh
• 12:00 - 12:30 because we meet on Monday and Wednesday and then um again the cause effect paper that's number six that's the last one worth double um due Friday December 4th so plan your time wisely because the turnaround time is not as extensive as it was in the beginning when we're were trying to catch on to um what I was asking for and hopefully improving our writing and I have seen Improvement you know so I'm crossing my fingers because I look more
• 12:30 - 13:00 closely at the remaining items uh uh which should bring up whatever you have done in the beginning you know that's what I hope or maintained it if you were doing well um some of us are struggling but anyway um them organization work sheet found dra outline postwriting exercise for cause effect underline thesis plan development topic sentences for paper number six five paragraphs topic however Doe by November 30th you I've already
• 13:00 - 13:30 approved a few topics some people as of yesterday did already submit their comparison contrast paper sort of like hanging over your head and the sooner you get it in the drop boox the more you can move on to whatever else you need to do please read the readings I always encourage students to do some RNR over a break something that I probably won't be doing much of but need to I guess um but also also um because I use this as a
• 13:30 - 14:00 catchup time uh also um you know you can work ahead you can also catch up so it's wise to use that time because well quite frankly it only take so much a family even though you love them dearly um class uh evaluations I'm still encouraging those who have not done that survey to do so you I'm still trying to encourage that I need as much feedback
• 14:00 - 14:30 as possible um and then of course as we are winding up actually you still want to keep up with the work you know uh you know and if there are any issues whatsoever that's when you need to email me you know um anyway um of course I usually go after the student but I'm not going to do that if uh the behavior continues to be substandard and Below college level you know anyway not getting work done is below
• 14:30 - 15:00 college level um and those of us who need to convert our documents and I know I'm talking to at least one maybe two people in the group please do so I can't open it can't open it zero it's just that simple I have no other choice my hands are tied behind my back U and then you can still visit the tutoring center even for paper number five because they're open today just get it in the Dropbox before for 1159 and also
• 15:00 - 15:30 um um you can um use a tutoring center for cause effect you know as well why don't you get a draft thrown together and extra credit is provided I've already recorded some people for extra credit for that not as many as I'd like um but uh hopefully there may be a few more you because any point that get it's just like if you were working as a
• 15:30 - 16:00 salesperson on commission you know everything that you do gets you finance above salary if you get one or it just increases your your income you know well I look at points the same way and I sincerely wish you all a happy happy holiday you know that's my card to all of you now let me get moving here so I've got to get to my
• 16:00 - 16:30 PowerPoint there's some things I wanted to remind you of I always remind you just the same so I can say I've done it theme organization worksheet which I sent you again title purpose conclusions I do read those you know some people have gotten quite clever with their titles too I've seen growth there name and appropriate section number audience position don't forget that uh and then the outline kind of structures and
• 16:30 - 17:00 organizes the material which I think is important then the details and then the grammar you know those are all part of the package but if it's disorganized details aren't there grammar not there that surely does not help anyway uh oh I didn't want to show you that yeah I want to show you compare in
• 17:00 - 17:30 contrast with postwriting exercise what I wanted to do if I put it down there so you know the difference this is for comparison contrast one this is what's due today uh two items that are alike or different you know that tells you right off the bat it's not cause and effect what was your main purpose I asked which paragraph is the best in your paper and why and did you get the reader attention what device did you use because I want you to focus on in that paper um one of the important
• 17:30 - 18:00 things is to get that idea of attention getter that's the point there and then the other one I don't know why I put it in there because it takes up some time but anyway um the cause Effect one which is different what is the most important cause or effect in the paper why this is for number six how did you show relationships between your ideas do you believe believe your reasoning is logical and why and did you create
• 18:00 - 18:30 interest in your paper that deals with the entire paper all the content okay that's um and then I wanted to just flash before your eyes read rini's daughter the uh relatively long short story and don't worry if you don't understand it because I think there I don't understand it you know don't worry about that I think you will understand it um because I did give you some
• 18:30 - 19:00 background um earlier in the course on what the story is about um then I've given you some handouts to help you further understand what the story is about then I'm going to spend one to two classes depending on what I get done today teaching it you know and so there's no way uh you should end up in a situation where you cannot do a good job
• 19:00 - 19:30 there's just no way you know unless you plan not to and then if things work out the way I planned what an achievement you know what an achievement this is where I stopped last time dealing with uh fickle thinking you know which is my term for logical what I call logical fallacies uh when a person States things either um
• 19:30 - 20:00 from ignorance or having done their homework or wishful thinking even uh that doesn't hold water as far as an argument is concerned an argument must be objective respectful kind and you just present the facts and let the chips fall where they may um do not mistake a Time relationship for a
• 20:00 - 20:30 cause do not mistake a Time relationship for a cause I do invite you to take notes I do um then I have an image here your argument is illogical well you want your argument to be logical and it's not if you mistake a Time relationship for a cause for example a black cat crosses your path and you say it caused you bad
• 20:30 - 21:00 luck that's Superstition not cause effect relationship or a coincidence even number two do not mistake for a cause something unrelated for example two people going down a street that's not a cause effect relationship that may just be merely coincidence do not mistake for a cause something it's got to be related something that's unrelated
• 21:00 - 21:30 the last time we um what did we do the last time we gave you examples of thesis statements and plans of development for either cause paper and effect paper we're taking them one step further to apply this to the the content mistakes we want you to avoid number three do not settle for one cause if there are more usually well how can you write a paper if there's only one cause um um
• 21:30 - 22:00 there usually more than one cause of a particular situation for example there are many causes of Happiness number four distinguish between immediate and remote causes know the difference between immediate and remote causes something that's remote as
• 22:00 - 22:30 a cause that is really doesn't help the reader understand immediate preferred for example and this is an example of um FAL thinking here you took English in college because you passed the first grade that that's that's quite remote hardly relates at all number five the cause must must produce the
• 22:30 - 23:00 result yeah I mean I think that one common sense the cause must produce a result number six allow for causes that nullify that's number six nullify predicted results I mean sort of cancel out the the results you know well the causes that might do that um for example wage increases do not result in higher buying power wage
• 23:00 - 23:30 increases are usually behind the rate of inflation you're trying to catch up usually if you get a raise at all number seven avoid contradictory effects do not contradict yourself you avoid contradictory effects for example campaign prises of higher taxes may result in higher
• 23:30 - 24:00 deficits critical thinking they result in higher deficits number eight do not mistake ca for effect or effect for cause don't make that mistake no the difference no that's why we Define the term cause and effect we're going to Vis is another definition to further clarify
• 24:00 - 24:30 so you will not make that mistake for example you study because you got good grades another example some philosophers from the middle period called the Middle Ages felt that Rivers sprang up after the cities now Rivers don't just spring up they were there before the cities they got it backwards number nine avoid the pitfall or
• 24:30 - 25:00 rationalization that's a pitfall because people just rationalize until their teeth fall out practically even though they're not providing good evidence avoid the pitfall of rationalization do not use false or superficial Rel rationalizations or or explanations don't use false or superficial explanations for examp example auto accident blamed on the
• 25:00 - 25:30 road well it's usually in most cases driver driver error that's usually the problem driver error moving along here at the bottom of the page is a very important statement if there are errors in logic and logic is very important when you're
• 25:30 - 26:00 dealing with cause and effects or effects and causes whatever type of focus you're going to use if there are errors in logic then what you have is fickle thinking points must be supported with proven facts not opinions or distortions here's a an example of fickle thinking come up
• 26:00 - 26:30 next my dog ate my paper now it's possible the dog could have eaten the paper but some people still use that as an excuse they've been using that as an excuse for many years now I want to mention um a little bit more about fial thinking and I want to use this as an example very quickly um because time is uh already getting away from me I want to deal with how teachers affect students or affect others the
• 26:30 - 27:00 greatest teachers have affected the world spelled with an a because it's a noun there um here are some of the effects when I say the before it it's SP with a knee but I have to mention the teachers I'm G to deal with Socrates taught for 40 years Plato 50 years Aristotle taught for 40 years years these are um ancient Greeks and
• 27:00 - 27:30 Jesus for only three is been argued that Jesus's Ministry has had a greater impact than the combined 130 years of teaching of the greatest minds of antiquity some of the effects are these in the Arts we have Raphael they were influen Leonardo D venci and Michelangelo though Jesus painted no pictures in poetry we have Dante and
• 27:30 - 28:00 Milton some of the greatest Poets of all time though no poems were composed in music we have handle Bach Beethoven and melon though Jesus painted though Jesus uh did not compose music the next item I want to com um talk about a person who whose influence was
• 28:00 - 28:30 negative and I'm going to share what this individual did and so the effects are all negative this is a person that lived almost at the same time that Jesus did he lived from his name is Kula an ancient Roman Emperor you know um he lived from the year 12 to 41
• 28:30 - 29:00 he was Emperor from 37 to 41 he didn't it was it was horrible you and so his tenure was very short because he was uh killed um anyway and I got this from my French class that I Tau that I took in college we took a a one of the things that we read was a play by Albert
• 29:00 - 29:30 Camu it was called Caligula and he was trying to deal with the effects of evil that's what he was trying to do we read it all in French and we wrote a paper in French what did CIA do he raped his women's subjects also example of fial thinking he operated a
• 29:30 - 30:00 brothel that's his legacy he cut off the supply of food because he wanted to have a famine you can use your imagination as to what that would do to people he created a special society that rewards those people who frequented the brothel the most all men who did not earn the award were executed or exiled he killed his mistress he wrote a document that justified his
• 30:00 - 30:30 murders because that's what they were he said that all subjects are guilty and worthy of death you know that's that's a that's a demented mind in my view an example of fickle thinking as well he dressed in women's clothing because he wanted to be a goddess uh Roman emperors uh required worship and as one of the gods they have many gods but
• 30:30 - 31:00 anyway you can almost it's almost like comparison contrast I could use this for confar and contrast but I'm using it for cause and effect to illustrate fickle thinking and another individual who considered one of the greatest considered the greatest teacher who ever lived Jesus
• 31:00 - 31:30 he assigned one of his men to get the moon for him you know all that was written in French you know and I'm going to take a moment and share a little bit of French with you from the I still have this in plastic to preserve it it's an artifact now a two-page typewritten double spaced paper in French you know I mean um I'm just going to share the introductory paragraph with you not the whole paper
• 31:30 - 32:00 it was two pages the title kiga A fo in English kiga is crazy and there was um if I'm looking carefully there was only one error in the entire favor you know and that was because I needed to separate two words you know how sometimes you be typing and two words come together you didn't put a space between them so he just drew line Dr campesi was his
• 32:00 - 32:30 name I start off with my attention getting information a definition I Define crazy Li that's the uh um um um the dictionary I guess the French still use that I still have mine Li
• 32:30 - 33:00 you know the word means deranged abnormal absurd dangerous just like it does in English my thesis I believe that K is crazy you know D that is French for um um however uh first of all first of all EXC excuse
• 33:00 - 33:30 me he murdered lots of people you know tyrants often do that he wanted the moon he want to be worshiped as as a god however in all of his Insanity notice how the word changed from F to F French does that do you he's very he's very logical meaning that
• 33:30 - 34:00 you know he he did these things and he's responsible for them because we were asked do we think kiga is responsible for his actions or not you know is he just merely insane well my argument was he's responsible you know and guilty that's what I argued want to move on to the next item I spent
• 34:00 - 34:30 a little bit more time on that than I anticipated but I just wanted to demonstrate to you that you all can learn to write well no matter what the language is you know because you can't you just have to work at it and mighty hard at it please avoid we're still dealing with argument and we're going to add principles three principles of persuasion I also invite you to take n avoid
• 34:30 - 35:00 misrepresentation do not misrepresent the information avoid misinterpretation you want to interpret the information correctly and carefully avoid when you're arguing misconstruction do not misconstrue the data avoid misquotation if you're going to quote anything in any paper for me we're
• 35:00 - 35:30 dealing with cause and effect at the moment even though your mind should be thinking about comparison cont you don't want to misquote you put things in quotation marks you want everything between those quotation marks to be accurate and documented you know and as I said before I prefer the word sources to work excited because sources
• 35:30 - 36:00 I think is more encompassing than just we excited because students sometimes fall into error when they use that term don't misquote people will sue you particularly if it's going to damage their reputation avoid misinformation you don't want to misinform you you want to inform them You See It All Leads to those five misses those five that I presented It
• 36:00 - 36:30 All Leads to number six misunderstanding you don't want folk to misunderstand you you want them to what understand you that's the point here so please avoid it's important to avoid these devilish little misses they can be quite devilish when you're arguing when you're writing when you're trying to well the the pursuit should be you should be pursuing truth you not
• 36:30 - 37:00 falsehood well anyway some people do these things on purpose in a political arena in other areas of life you know um now what a person did I got I didn't come up with this is a very a person very clever came up with this what he he or she I don't know who it was did was add an s a space and then that second word there you lose the s in the space and that's you know when you say misquotation it's spell One S
• 37:00 - 37:30 principles of persuasion fight fair you know when you are arguing when you are writing you want to be objective because facts speak for themselves you know and let the reader decide thoughtful readers will be able to make their own decision you know whether they agree with you or not so you want to be fair because when you're perceived as being unfair people stop
• 37:30 - 38:00 listening fight fair when you're persuading you know you don't trash people when you argue you've heard a lot of that lately I bet in in the political Arena you know um but you should uh go back into the past and see past debates past presidential debates now sometimes it get a little hot but little heated sometimes but they were always
• 38:00 - 38:30 respectful we're the opponent here's something you can handle if you were uh fighting in a boxing arena you wouldn't want an opponent that's three times your size you know someone that has twice your skill you know because that's not worthy that's not even fair and so they want to choose something that you can handle something that you know well something that you have some commitment to and passion those are the papers that kind of win
• 38:30 - 39:00 the day you know except compromise at least be willing to accept compromise do not compromise your values however you know do have values as well but do not compromise you know a value that is know a good one right you know but but having said said that sometimes compromise is the way to go you know
• 39:00 - 39:30 because you get something the reader or somebody else gets something everyone loses something and it kind of balances things out and nobody feels robbed well I want to redefine know the principles of persuasion definition of cause of had cause that which produces an effect just to revisit
• 39:30 - 40:00 it that which produces an effect this came right out of the dictionary the reason or motive for an action then you have the word effect spelled with an e in this case because it is a noun what is produced by a cause power to produce see the word results a result that's what an effect is follows a consequence
• 40:00 - 40:30 follows a consequence well I'm GNA show try did I skip something here I'm always rearranging things and then forgetting how to rearrange things um I'll say a little bit more about cause and effect and then yeah I see what I did I in my H I skipped over an
• 40:30 - 41:00 item which I did not mean to do but I'm going to finish up what I'm doing here and then go back to that item that we skipped over and then back up sometimes I I add things to my my PowerPoints all the time I'm adding things every time I teach the course I'm adding something and sometimes I put it in a different order than I had done the last time cause effect is a basic form
• 41:00 - 41:30 of writing as we told you that attempts to explain relationships and to answer the most fundamental human question why myths and Superstition were often the result myth and Superstition in the past in some cases it's still happening that way we attempt to understand through systematic investigation an inquiry or
• 41:30 - 42:00 reasoning it helps in understanding the world and controlling it which is a very important human need you know order is important in the world no that's not what I wanted to do where where is I must have don't tell me I left it out oh there it is all right I skipped to the definition skipped over this this is not what I
• 42:00 - 42:30 wanted to do folks but this is what I want to do now I want to do um purposes there are four of them for cause effect writing revisit some of the patterns and uh deal with some well let's say some structure and some content this is uh from your textbook cause effect one of the purposes is
• 42:30 - 43:00 knowledge understanding you want to know to know to understand you for yourself and also for your readers another purpose and you need a purpose because it directs what you do to inform we're done with cause effect now to speculate that's another word for you to Google speculate means to make an educated guess based on your
• 43:00 - 43:30 research based on the information that you've gathered based on your knowledge that's what speculate means to argue we already said that cause effect writing is essentially argument because you're arguing that those effects came from that cause and those causes came from that effect you so it's an argument that you have to support with with evidence
• 43:30 - 44:00 strategies identify a causal agent whatever that might be then discuss effects that's an effect paper paper one of the patterns describe an important event then discuss causes your textbook says pretty much the same thing for a cause paper now we're not going to be exploring a complex causal chain but I'm going to share with you you chain of events where one thing leads to another
• 44:00 - 44:30 thing that leads to another thing you know just to show relationships and like and it's a poem explore complex causal change now in your thesis you establish your focus that's your thesis thesis a focus a paper out of focus is blurry you know we want you to be focused and
• 44:30 - 45:00 structured show me what you can do you the rub is hitting the road now that's a cause effect situation right there determine your purpose whether it's to provide knowledge understanding for your readers to inform maybe doing a little bit of all these things to speculate or to argue avoid oversimplification I usually try to give people keep it simple you know be
• 45:00 - 45:30 clear you know good writing is I'm trying the poems I share with you with maybe some explanation they become very clear that's why they've endured that's why they still get people's interest you know I chose some of my favorites H strike a balance tone be objective choose those words carefully choose those words carefully
• 45:30 - 46:00 and I've given you plenty of items to imitate let me move on to the poem because I've got some things to do this is by Langston Hughes then this is the image that came with the poem so I put it there it deals with a landlord and uh it deals with a lot more than that Langston Hughes was a a a great
• 46:00 - 46:30 African-American poet landlord landlord my roof has sprung a leak don't you remember I told you about it way last week this is with effects this particular poem landlord landlord the steps is broken down when you come up yourself it's a wonder you don't fall down 10 bucks you say I owe you 10 bucks you say is due well that's 10 bucks more and I'll pay you till you fix this house up new what
• 46:30 - 47:00 you're going to get eviction orders you're going to cut my heat you're gonna take my furniture and throw it in the street uhhuh you talking high and mighty Tu on till you get through you ain't going to be able to say a word if I land my fist on you say escalated police please come and get this man he's trying to ruin the government and overturn the land copper
• 47:00 - 47:30 whistle Patrol Bell arrest Precinct station iron cell headlines in press man threatens landlord tenant held no bail judge gives negro 90 days in county jail that's what they call African-Americans back in the day you know that's that's a
• 47:30 - 48:00 word we rose up against but anyway because people used it in a more negative way transforming it into the n-word by the way if you must know um there's Langston Hughes there a picture of him um I don't have his dates when he lived I'm going to do that next time I teach a course I always like for it to have the dates and everything but this was poem was done in 1940 the title was The Ballad of the
• 48:00 - 48:30 landlord you know and I'm sure you're aware of the fact that there are slum Lords today you know still existing I can tell you where you can find some of those substandard prophetes you know um even though the city is uh Harrisburg is trying to you know take some of them down and replace them with better structures but you'd be surprised how much rent some folk have to pay out of very low salaries to live in a
• 48:30 - 49:00 substandard house you know um maybe you wouldn't be surprised I'm outraged um but anyway what he was talking about he he did not hit the man you know he did make that but um but was put in jail with no bail you know the unfairness of the system then when it came to african-amer and many other people too because of
• 49:00 - 49:30 different ethnicities and it's still happening today folks you may not be aware of it I am you know because I'm trying to fight against it in my own way now I want to move on you know that's a that's a poem that when I first read it greatly impressed me you know um because it's well so well written that's why it's considered great poet um the effects of smoking you know just
• 49:30 - 50:00 a brainstorm list here that's all brainstorm this you know just keep hitting hitting the ball hopefully out of the park you you know you still have to come up with you know the structure that I've taught all semester long with every single essay you know tension getter opening remarks clear thesis statement plan of development three major areas governed by the plan of development a nice conclusion please develop them
• 50:00 - 50:30 more but you have to understand the concept addiction you know Alice Walker wrote a piece dealing with smoking you see I did not assign it I don't even have the essay anymore I'm almost want to assign that you know because I'm sure it's online somewhere but um well people in her family smoked and she wrote an essay that dealt with the effects on her family addiction to cigarette cigarettes
• 50:30 - 51:00 um cigarette smoking chronic sore throat shortness of short of breath or shortness of breath pneumonia bronchitis empyema you've heard of COPD poor lungs death you know I've had family members who who smoked and well they're gone you know and smok smoking did have a great impact on their health a negative impact
• 51:00 - 51:30 on their hell smokers and her family I'm just mentioning some of the smokers in her family her father smoked uh killed him um Alice Walker smoked I believe she gave it up her sister smoked it just ran through the family is what she was trying to show and her daughter smoked you know and she wanted that
• 51:30 - 52:00 cycle broken next item another brainstormed list right there effects supp poor attendance some of you'all been doing real good you know uh I have a uh a nice number of students who have missed maybe just one session but I think it's it's not excellent but it's pretty good not eligible for the extra credit but you know but there are some
• 52:00 - 52:30 because I've been I've been keeping tabs I don't know you know I've been keeping T I write the names down then I've write in my book you know um some people have perfect attendance and so regardless of what you have done on the paper is that those extra credit points will be added to the final exam score um it's not going to take a a very very poor paper into the stratosphere but if one's on a
• 52:30 - 53:00 borderline it might just move you into a new area it might move you higher you know and I've given plenty of opportunity for extra credit and what It ultimately does it's like a double coupon you know you get the extra credit but you tend to be a better writer because you kind of know what I'm asking for because you were present when I asked missed assignments know when there's poor attendance those folk have a tendency to miss things you know they
• 53:00 - 53:30 you know it's how they approach things you know they don't attend for whatever reason and so they probably don't pay as much attention to my emails because that's what seems to be happening that's what I'm deducing that seems to be the effect the quality of work suffers Miss assignments late assignments particularly in a face to-face environment if you just not there you just don't know because I don't send
• 53:30 - 54:00 emails with everything lined up like I just went over when we started the class poor grades as a result see it's almost like a chain of events as a result of poor work poor grades academic probation as a result of four grades we already mentioned a little bit about that lost financial aid you know if you don't get a certain amount of um if you don't get a c average make it simple um you you can lose your financial aid you know and some people that's the
• 54:00 - 54:30 only way they can afford to pay the tuition poor academic record if it continues you know that doesn't go away you know just like cyberspace they put it in cyberspace you know in suspension we get enough poor grades because of poor attendance let's say which is one of the one of the major claes of four grades is like is po attendance now if you're misplaced some
• 54:30 - 55:00 people have been because of covid we had to do some some things that we didn't normally would do um some people might have slipped into classes that they really shouldn't have been in I blame the college I don't blame the the student um that could could cause some of this and no job offers from the better companies no job offers from the better companies because you have to realize that the best companies I think all
• 55:00 - 55:30 companies but let's say the best companies they're just going to skin the talk you know how do you get in Harvard University you better have straight A's and a letter and do volunteer work and you know publish something sometimes that'll you know it's hard to get in and that's why they have such a high graduation rate but when you have an open door we do anybody can come as long as they fill out the application and pay the
• 55:30 - 56:00 money you're in you know but we have to have standards you see and so in order to get that diploma or that degree you got the rise you know and and most people when they come into colleges and universities no matter which ones they are culture shock now I want to move on to another idea here here
• 56:00 - 56:30 accidents causes of accidents now this came from an article that I cut out the Patriot news I didn't write the year you know and I just wrote the some of the statistics some of the causes and I think they're still some of the causes the percentages might have changed but the causes I think remain the same since we dealt with the facts of smoking and effects of of uh um H poor
• 56:30 - 57:00 attendance let's look at something that a list of causes in attention not paying attention speed you know oh 22.7% of accident causes at that time in the Midstate 22.7% of them were in attention and you know that has sort of morphed into what is known as distracted driving which is a major
• 57:00 - 57:30 issue these days and there are many things that can cause distraction like the cell phone or the smartphone speed 18.7% accidents are caused by speed alcohol 18.2% Vision eror 15.1% decision eror 10 .1% and incapacitation
• 57:30 - 58:00 6.4% you know causes 6.4% of accidents now if we were to break this down further I didn't type this up but we were to break I should have probably we're going to break this down a little bit further and only look at in attention accident and what causes inattentiveness this is what the statistics revealed in the study that had been done outside person object or event
• 58:00 - 58:30 29.4% of the 22.7% inattentive in attentiveness or in attention not paying attention adjusting the radio 11.4% other occupant 10.9% moving object in vehicle 4.3% of the 22.7% little math going on here other
• 58:30 - 59:00 device 2.9% adjusting controls 2.8% eating or drinking 1.7% and at the time cell phones 1.5% of the 22.7 I bet it's higher now I'm sure it is smoking related 0.9% other 25.6% and unknown is 8.6% now um they just don't know in those cases what caused the person not pay
• 59:00 - 59:30 attention but the Lion Share is inattentiveness but I always thought it was speed and alcohol and those are big problems too as we shall see in a moment some of the effects of drinking alcohol and having the uh audacity and the tarity and stupidity to go out and drive now this is another thing I again I
• 59:30 - 60:00 should have typed it up but I did not I made other changes but I didn't do this cell phone related crashes it's getting a little dated because it's from 2003 to 2008 cell phone related crashes in the Midstate I'm looking for something here I don't know what I doing with uh in the Midstate um starting with I don't see my little slip of paper here that I need starting with Cumberland County um in
• 60:00 - 60:30 that 5year period uh 122 crashes uh one fatality Dolphin County I'm trying to do two things at once 155 crashes this in a 5-year period to 03 to 08 no fatalities then Lon County 73 crashes no fatalities Perry County um 28 crashes no fatalities York
• 60:30 - 61:00 County 20 246 crashes five fatalities alany County 851 crashes four fatalities in that 5e period Philadelphia County 865 crashes four fatalities Statewide in Pennsylvania 7,217 crashes you I don't have a dollar amount on that 65
• 61:00 - 61:30 fatalities fiveyear period I can't find the document that I wrote on a little slip of paper which wasn't wise because I can't find it I can't seen it the other day and I said well what am I doing with this but anyway I remember the statistic but I wanted to look at and make sure I have it accurate uh in one year there were that that that number suffice it to say that number because I can't
• 61:30 - 62:00 find what I wrote it's always something um that number went up substantially you know I think I'm just going to look it up and figure out what it is and tell you next time because I'm sure it's on the internet how many fatalities more recently uh from um not paying attention while driving it's a lot folks it took it took five years to get
• 62:00 - 62:30 to the statistics I've giving you uh in one year um the statistics are I don't know why I can't find it way higher then um probably find it after the class is over that's probably what will happen but anyway I'm going to move on from there because I can't find more recent statistics that I had written down okay I'm going to talk about the effects
• 62:30 - 63:00 of DUI you know see that you can see that led to a fatality effects of DUI and I looked up the statistics you know the average toll um the average total each year is about 10,000 us to be high than that uh and so when they say to me that um uh there are hundreds of
• 63:00 - 63:30 thousands of people dead in this pandemic my mind just can't fathom you know because 10,000 is way too many one is way too many so some of the effects this is from the article that I gave you some of the arttic from the article that I gave you um one can be arrested handcuffed you if you're DUI and the
• 63:30 - 64:00 cops are out um and you know you're you know actually drunk you know they shouldn't arrest you otherwise fingerprinted as part of the record I just made a list of what was in that that article I gave you was killing America's teens all the effects well enough to fill this
• 64:00 - 64:30 screen photographed and at the time legal fees bail trial Insurance 5,000 plus I don't what it is now but that's what it was then I in the article When It Was Written loss of driving privileges you know upon conviction of course jail time you know depending on the situation obviously but these are effects as
• 64:30 - 65:00 mentioned in the artall article or essay whatever you want to call it injuries to friends in the in the uh event of an accident and I shared a horrific one that occurred in the Midstate in 2002 briefly six died in that accident and alcohol was at the bottom of it all loss of work time oh injuries to
• 65:00 - 65:30 friends and self you know because in an accident you can not only hurt your friends if they're in the car but you can also hurt yourself too loss of work time because if you're recovering in hospital or in jail or court case or whatever you can't be there at the job because they will swear out a warrant for your arrest they will pick you
• 65:30 - 66:00 up and lost of school time now some of the things I'm mentioning students have gone through this I've had students where the officer came to knocked on the classroom door may I see so and so you know and it was for that reason I've had students do jail time because of uh alcohol when I taught in Camp Hill prison one of the persons were was doing time for vehicular homicide you um or
• 66:00 - 66:30 whatever the charge was embarrassment because if you're not a minor your name is plastered all over the paper anyway um embarrassment damage to vehicle you know as you can see don't drink and Dr they left out the apostrophy do apostrophe
• 66:30 - 67:00 t damage to vehicle and also one can damage property as well um damage to employment to the point you can lose your job for missing so much higher Insurance guaranteed to go up I think it goes up for all of us at the time Insurance could be 2,000 bucks you that's probably now it's much higher I'm pretty sure of it and it can
• 67:00 - 67:30 end in a fatality I'm sorry to say I've lost a few students they weren't drinking somebody else was tragic cancellation of insurance and then you got to go try to find some good luck you know then I found this little tidbit I thought was kind of interesting to share with you when
• 67:30 - 68:00 you're caught drunk driving again some thing I said court appearance suspended license fines prison Andor probation Drunk Driving School alcohol evaluation you know arrested and booked you can't see all that there just to share this item here student essay student essay almost done with
• 68:00 - 68:30 cause and effect but I got to do a student essay and I want to share with you uh there's a copy of it in the booklet it's called stop do not pass go you know very clever title you know U she should have stopped she passed you know she she went on she go you it's kind of clever and uh she talks about a Mustang so I put one in the picture the effects of
• 68:30 - 69:00 being in a car accident this is the thesis only occur and she divided it by time her plan of development occur immediately after the crash this is a paper that was not researched I shared one that was now I'm gon to share one that was not in fact this was written before I strongly encouraged documentation by the way a few weeks after the crash and lastly months after the accident has occurred topic sentences there are three I didn't write the
• 69:00 - 69:30 conclusion I should have the first effect of being in a car accident occurs immediately after the Collision whether one is a driver or an occupant of the vehicles involved transitional topic sent after the day of the accident the effects become more physical in nature finally don't forget your transition words the emotional effect you know physical emotional immediate effect of being in a car accident can
• 69:30 - 70:00 last for months even years depending on the severity of the Collision now I'm got to go try to find the paper quickly because you know I choose the ones that well are lengthy see I retyped it I did retype uh I did rate this one um stop do not pass go is a sample cause effect essay notice how it's double spaced and please indent paragraph some
• 70:00 - 70:30 of you are not doing that and I can't tell where the paragraph begins and where it ends underline your topic sentences is not a day that has gone by hold on to your seats in which one in which one does not hear from the radio or read in the newspaper about a car accident occurring the police cars ambulances and Fire cont s racing to the scene of an accident is an everyday
• 70:30 - 71:00 event thesis plan and development the effects of being in a car accident occur immediately after the crash a few weeks after the incident and lastly months after the accident has occurred I am among the vast majority of people who've been in a car accident and the effects it's an effect paper of wrecking my sister's 1975 Mustang are still with me today and
• 71:00 - 71:30 that's what I showed you in that slide it was a 19 75 Mustang the first effect of being in a car accident occurs immediately after the Collision whether one is a driver or an occupant of the veh vehicles involved and then she explains she uses narrative but this I use this one because it clearly explains I think I believe effects when I made the mistake of pulling out in front of an oncoming vehicle at the intersection of Fourth and Market Streets in Newport
• 71:30 - 72:00 Pennsylvania she wrote it out Pennsylvania very detailed the first effect was one a pain I neglected to have my seat belt buckled therefore the force of the impact on the Mustang and the green she's very detailed 1978 Nova caused my head Mustangs are still manufactured novas are no longer caused my head to bump the steering
• 72:00 - 72:30 wheel because my car was just beginning to accelerate she explains the slight bruise that's another effect almost every sentence is an effect on my head was the only injury I received of course the faster a car is moving the more likely one will have injuries of Greater seriousness whether or not one is wearing his or her seat belt greatly reduces the chance of bodily injury also the moment after impact he's still in that paragraph I believe yeah it's a long paragraph when I realized that it
• 72:30 - 73:00 was not seriously injured a sense of shock raced through my body and mind another effect how could I have been so stupid as to pull out in front of an oncoming car I had seen the car coming but for some unknown reason I pulled out anyway after the horrible sound of metal crunching against metal the driver side front in a my car smashed into past side of the other car I realized I was not injured I was quite worried these are
• 73:00 - 73:30 all effects emotional effects I was quite worried on how the other driver would react to my sheer stupidity would he scream at me would he sue me those psychological effect I carefully got out of the car and the sense of shock turned to embarrassment she's trying to show that chain of events occurring in that paragraph after all the accident was totally my fault there was no doubt to that question then as I realized that the person I crashed the automobile into was a close friend
• 73:30 - 74:00 notice the her sentences the embarrassment turned quite strangely into relief any other person would have been quite upset with me for doing such a stupid thing but not Phil Risinger he simply put his arm around me and said it's all right Wendy those are all the facts I broke down in tears because he was so sweet to me because of the because of his special kindness towards me that evening Phil
• 74:00 - 74:30 will always be a special friend to me people seemed to come from all corners of the town to view the accident I became more embarrassed and humiliated when people started giving me the nickname of Crash HB the police were called andate Trooper quickly made out a report both cars were C to Morrison's Garage in Newport approximately 30
• 74:30 - 75:00 minutes after the mishap very detailed in filled with effects different approaches of not the next paragraph I believe this is the third one after the day of the accident the effects become more physical in nature the shock embarrassment and slight pain from the bump on the head we're forgotten you know she kind of you know transitions us to the more physical nature physical uh effects however there are more important matters to be taken care
• 75:00 - 75:30 of here are some effects the car insurance companies had to be notified so they could make estimates of the Damage Done To The Cars because the accident was my fault another effect my insurance agency had to pay for the Damage Done to both of the automobiles this hit my bank account because I had to pay the $200 deductible considerable for that time the damages amount over $1,500 so the amount I had to pay was not quite as bad as I thought however I had to save even
• 75:30 - 76:00 more money another effect for the $40 citation I was issued from the policeman for and then she quotes not yielding the right away to an oncoming vehicle it's probably four times that amount now you know um let's see I got lost uh oh yet another decrease in my wallet occurred another effect when I had to
• 76:00 - 76:30 pay the insurance premium the premium has Skyrocket it from 300 to $500 you can probably triple that in the day money I was somewhat of a celebrity in new Newport for a few weeks not many accidents that happened in Newport so the name crash Heim was quite popular for a while even small children who knew me only from watching me cheer football games began to call me crash the novelty did wear off after a
• 76:30 - 77:00 few short weeks however finally the emotional effect of being in a car accident can last for months even years depending on upon the severity of the Collision notice how she kept her plan of development in the right order many people have refused even to drive a car or be a passenger in a car after being in an accident those are a facts this is understandable of course some of my friends even refused to ride with me after the accident they joked about my
• 77:00 - 77:30 wonderful driving record but it still caused me some psychological hurt know she's young fresh out of high school and we kind of care what people say get my age not so much after all who wants to be driving around town and have everyone whisper and she quotes again who is she heard say out of her car she is the one that pulls out in front of cars after mentally going over the accident in my mind many times I finally realized that
• 77:30 - 78:00 I could have been seriously injured not wearing my seat belt could have been the biggest mistake of my life but because I was not seriously injured this taught me to always wear my seat Bel no matter how long or short my trip would be to this day I wait at the particular stop stop sign in question you know I think I I I I told you in my experience um I was uh walking and I was at a the stop sign getting ready to
• 78:00 - 78:30 cross and then there's a stop sign on the other side of the street this driver didn't even stop you know and just drove and luckily there was a cop where where I was standing and he got that guy you know see people don't always stop at the stop on my street even now I wait and
• 78:30 - 79:00 wait at the particular top sign in question until I'm absolutely certain that my car will not pull out in front of another oncoming vehicle that's what you're supposed to do this drives my friends crazy but they do understand the reasons for my actions the fear of being in another car accident even if it is minor no such thing as a minor car accident in my opinion always rests in the back of my mind the month of January is when my fears are at their greatest Heights my
• 79:00 - 79:30 first and hopefully last accident happened in 1983 each time I step behind the wheel I say a little prayer asking God to be with me and keep me safe as I believe he did for me years ago in conclusion we're on the fifth page the effects of being in a car accident have given me a greater sense of awareness while I am driving plan of development restated the effects can as briefly as with the shock and
• 79:30 - 80:00 fear they go along with the minute after impact realizing that money can pay for the damaged cars but not a life made the week after effect seem less important to me than it had been at the time wearing a seat belt and being quite careful in my driving judgments are the lasting effects of being in a car accident Venture life means much more to me now
• 80:00 - 80:30 that I realize how quickly I could have lost it you know um that was a well written paper and it does have a message an important message in my opinion now let me do some wrapping up quickly now I'm gonna have to probably save that one for next time but let me quickly go through what's on the screen
• 80:30 - 81:00 and then I'll look at the essay itself not today the next time we meet black men in public spaces Brent Staples wrote this uh and these are some of the things that he wrote the effects of just him walking about in his own neighborhood white women may run and you know one young lady in uh 2020 called the cops on this guy you know when she was walking her dog and he asked her to
• 81:00 - 81:30 you know kind of restrain the pooch that was in New York Central Park you know she called the police she lost her job over that you know we're not tolerating such Behavior anymore in this culture you know because he was not menacing the dog was could not sleep he said just couldn't sleep after that experience he had surprised embarrassed notice how the SE are all effects dismayed death a possibility well you know it has happened time and time
• 81:30 - 82:00 again in the 21st century happened in the past too they called it lynching dismayed death a possibility fear know he has fear people have emotions when in these type of situations people may cross other side of the street this his own neighborhood now alienation avoid eye contact he could be mistaken for a burglar you know one person
• 82:00 - 82:30 was and that person was shot by Two Gentlemen I don't want to call them Gentlemen by two men who are now in custody you know I'm not getting very specific but avoid icon that be mistaken for a burger burglar thought of as a criminal you know some African-American males are looked upon as criminals no matter what the circumstance could be arrested so this
• 82:30 - 83:00 why this article is so timely but he has become calm he says he's found a way to cope you know what they call it today is the talk you know here's what you do when stopped by a police officer you know children are told to keep them safe these days he whistles music from Beethoven Vivaldi assuming that if he's whistling classical music people will assume he's
• 83:00 - 83:30 okay and the cause being a black male well I'm gonna have to wrap up here like right now because I do have a class right after this one and wish you a wonderful Thanksgiving there are plenty things to be happy about you know and so be happy don't worry that's from a song by the way any questions before I sign out
• 83:30 - 84:00 [Music] here because I won't see you till Monday anybody somebody say something to Professor vwell Miss Morrison how you doing okay well at least I've Seen A Face I'm happy now so so I'm going to go ahead on um payer DW
• 84:00 - 84:30 today comparison contrast I hate to say goodbye but I must you you got y'all got things to do and y'all some of y'all gone see ya have a good day take care thank you for turning on your video Miss Mor bye everyone thank you you're welcome oh another voice music to my ears yeah I better go on to my next class