TRUVALILAR TÜRK MÜ? YUNANİSTAN - TRAK YERLİLERİ TÜRK MÜ? | TÜM TEORİLER TEK PARÇA

Summary

Highlights

• Theories link ancient civilizations like the Trojans and Thracians to Turkic origins. 🏺✨
• Archaeological evidence suggests cultural exchanges between Anatolia and the Balkans. 🌍🔄
• Ancient texts and DNA studies hint at shared ancestry among Etruscans and Turks. 🧬📜
• Mythological tales of Troy show potential historical ties to Turkish heritage. 🏺🇹🇷
• Debates continue over the 'Trojan Turkos' theory—are modern Turks descendants? 🤔🌐

Key Takeaways

• Discover the intriguing theory connecting ancient Trojans to the Turks! 🌍🤔
• Explore archaeological findings unveiling connections between Troy and Turkic cultures. 🏺🔍
• Unravel historical myths and legends tying Turks to Greek and Roman histories! 📜🇬🇷🇹🇷
• Dive into ancient DNA and linguistics linking Etruscans, Pelasgians, and Turks! 🧬🔤
• Uncover the role of Thracian culture in shaping Turkish history and identity! 🏹🇹🇷

Overview

Chapters

• 00:00 - 00:30: Introduction to Theories and Historical Context The chapter provides an introduction to various theories and historical contexts, emphasizing a disclaimer about the presentation of theories and their quotations.
• 00:30 - 01:00: Archaeological Findings and Historical Theories This chapter discusses the evaluation of historical claims through archaeological findings, centering around the figure of Odin and his migration from the Turkish country as depicted in the Ynglinga Saga. The saga is the first chapter of the Heimskringla, an epic in the Saga genre which also narrates the lives of Norwegian kings, compiled by Snorre Storlerson in the 1220s.
• 01:00 - 02:00: The Layers of Troy This chapter discusses the historical and cultural significance of the ancient city of Troy, situated in modern-day Turkey. It was renowned for its grandeur and the emphasis it put on handicrafts, showcasing a level of prosperity and refinement. Additionally, there is a mention of Odin choosing a castle in Sigutna, near Stockholm, establishing a similar societal order to that of Troy, highlighting the cultural exchange and influence Troy had on other regions.
• 02:00 - 03:00: Cultural Connections with Other Regions This chapter discusses how Cultural Connections with Other Regions were established by influential leaders. A notable figure placed twelve men to govern cities according to certain laws and infused some Trojan customs. The chapter references Çingiz Garaşarlı's work 'Trojans and Etruscans Were Turks,' indicating a view that links historical Trojan culture with Turkish heritage. Furthermore, it cites the 7th-century 'Diary of Fredegar' to outline events post-Trojan War, noting the migration and interactions of Turks.
• 03:00 - 04:00: Migration and Cultural Exchange The chapter explores the migration and settlement patterns of different groups, including the Franks and the Turks, during a historical period. The Franks left their original region and resettled in areas like Panoya (Hungary) and the Rhine region. At the same time, the Turks settled in what were known as the Saka homelands. Historical perspectives are provided by historians Nicole Giles, who suggests that the Turks descended from the Trojans known as Turkos, and William of Tire, a 12th-century historian who corroborates this theory by noting the Turks’ Trojan heritage and migration patterns. The chapter also references Andrea Danaldo, a 14th-century historian, ostensibly discussing similar themes, though specific details from Danaldo's work are not included in this transcript.
• 04:00 - 05:00: The Role of Thracians and Theories of Origin This chapter explores the theories of origin of the Turks, with a focus on historical accounts mentioning their descent from the Turkos lineage, similar to the Trojan king Priam. It highlights historical narratives from various sources, including Dominican Priest Antoninus of Florence and European historians like Bracciolini, Poggio, Isidor, and Ficcino, all of whom reported that the Turks originated from the Caucasus and belonged to the same nation as the Trojan Turkos.
• 05:00 - 06:00: Ancient Historians and Interpretations German Historian Felix Fabri traces the history of the Trojan Turks from the era of Priam to the ancient times of Troy and then to Tevkir, the son of the Trojan princess Ecesi. Fabri's accounts suggest that following the fall of Troy, Trojan immigrants led by Hector's son Franco migrated to the area known today as Franconia in Germany. Many of these immigrants eventually crossed the Rhine River and settled in present-day France, according to Felix's writings.
• 06:00 - 07:00: Pelasgians and Their Historical Context This chapter explores the connection between the Pelasgians and their historical context, focusing on the settlements in the Saka country in Asia under Turkos. It highlights a remark by Spanish historian Pedro Tafur during his visit to Istanbul in 1437, noting that the Turks were seen as potential avengers of Troy. Poet Giovanni Mario Filelfo's work 'Amris' is referenced, emphasizing Sultan Mehmet II's Trojan lineage and his triumphs over the Greeks.
• 07:00 - 08:00: Interconnection with Other Ancient Cultures The chapter discusses the connection between the Turks and Trojans, highlighting a historical perspective where the conquest of Istanbul by the Turks is seen as a form of revenge on the Greeks for capturing Troy. This perspective supports the thesis that Trojans were Turks—an idea originating in Europe and not initially posited by the Turks themselves. These examples can be observed across various Turkish sources.
• 08:00 - 09:00: Names, Language and Cultural Traces The chapter discusses the work of Garaşarlı and its relevance to various claims concerning the history of Troy, a city located in the Çanakkale province of Turkey. The ruins are situated on Hisarlık Hill, and Troy was first discovered by Heinrich Scliemann in the 19th century. The chapter aims to address these claims by delving into the historical context of Troy.

TRUVALILAR TÜRK MÜ? YUNANİSTAN - TRAK YERLİLERİ TÜRK MÜ? | TÜM TEORİLER TEK PARÇA Transcription

• 00:00 - 00:30 WARNING! This video contains some theories along with historical facts. The theories in question are completely quoted. We will soon detail the issues related to these theories using "scientific research methods". enjoy watching. One of the controversial cities. It attracts great attention both with its place in mythological legends
• 00:30 - 01:00 . Then let's evaluate these claims in the light of archaeological findings. While telling about Odin's migration from the Turkish country in the Ynglnge Saga, which is the first of the 16 chapters of Heimskringla, a Saga genre epic that also tells the lives of the Norwegian kings, compiled by our first source, Snorre Storlerson, in the 1220s, the following information briefly catches our attention. Farworard 4:
• 01:00 - 01:30 The most spectacular castle in the world was built in the place we call "Tyrkland" Turkey, near the middle of the world. This place was called Troja. This place was much larger than the others. Importance was given to handicrafts, regardless of the expense . Farworard 13: Odin chose a beautiful castle in Sigutna (near Stockholm) as his city. There, together with his lords, he established a similar order as in Troy.
• 01:30 - 02:00 He placed 12 men in the cities to govern the country according to the law. He brought some customs that existed in Troy . Çingiz Garaşarlı gives the following information on the 4th and 5th pages of his book "Trojans and Etruscans Were Turks" . In the Diary of Fredegar, written in the 7th century, as a result of the fall of the country after the Trojan War, Turks and
• 02:00 - 02:30 Franks fled the region, the Franks settled in Panoya (Hungary) and the Rhine regions, and the Turks settled in the Saka homelands. Historian Nicole Giles explains in her work on the subject that the Turks are descendants of the Trojan Turkos . The historian William of Tire, who lived in the 12th century, also writes that the Turks were Trojans and that their ancestors, the Turkos, migrated to the Saka homelands . Although the historian Andrea Danaldo, who lived in the 14th century,
• 02:30 - 03:00 reported that the Turks were descended from the Turkos lineage, like the Trojan king Priam. He also wrote that Turks came from the Caucasus. Dominican Priest Antoninus of Florence also stated in his diary that the Turks were from the same nation as the Trojan Turkos. European and other historians such as Bracciolini, Poggio, Isidor, Ficcino also reported the same information.
• 03:00 - 03:30 German Historian Felix Fabri, on the other hand, takes the history of the Trojan Turks from the time of Priam to the older ages of Troy, to the time of Tevkir, the son of the Trojan princess Ecesi. According to Felix, after the fall of Troy, Trojan immigrants under the rule of Hector's son Franco first came to the former Franconia area in Germany, many of them crossed the Rhine river and settled in the country called France today. Again, according to what Felix wrote
• 03:30 - 04:00 , the remaining people under the rule of Turkos settled in the Saka country in Asia. When Spanish historian Pedro Tafur came to Istanbul in 1437, he said among the Byzantines, "The Turks will avenge Troy." He wrote that his word got around. While Giovanni Mario Filelfo describes the life and victories of Mehmet II in his verse-shaped work called "Amris", he highlights the closeness of his lineage with the Trojans and describes the sultan's victory over the Greeks
• 04:00 - 04:30 as the superiority of his righteousness. In his opinion, when the Turks took Istanbul, they took revenge on the Greeks who had captured Troy. In this information provided by linguist Çingiz Garaşarlı, the thesis that the Trojans were Turks also comes from Europe. It was not the Turks who made this claim. It is possible to see these examples no matter what Turkish source we look at on this subject
• 04:30 - 05:00 . In fact, this work of Garaşarlı can be seen in many places. To learn the source of these claims, we need to take a look at the history of Troy. We will address these claims after examining the history of Troy. Troy is an ancient city located in the Çanakkale province of Turkey, southwest of the Dardanelles . The ruins of Troy are located on Hisarlık Hill. Troy, first discovered by Heinrich Scliemann in the 19th century,
• 05:00 - 05:30 is the setting of the Trojan War mentioned in Homer's Iliad. It has become famous as. ARCHAEOLOGICAL LAYERS Troy was rebuilt in various periods and examined by archaeologists in different layers. These layers show that Troy has been inhabited continuously throughout history. Troy 1st Layer (c. 3000–2500 BC) The first settlement layer dates back to the Early Bronze Age. The walls and houses built during this period
• 05:30 - 06:00 consist of simple stone structures. The first layer, which is from the Early Bronze Age and consists of 10 layers on top of each other, covers a small area with a diameter of 90 meters. The walls of this layer are very well preserved. Three-legged basins, geometric motifs, worked pottery and schematic figurines made of limestone or marble were also found. This layer was destroyed as a result of a great fire. Troy 2nd Layer (c. 2500–2300 BC)
• 06:00 - 06:30 During this period, the city experienced significant growth and development. Schliemann found valuable items in this layer, which he called Priam's treasure. The second layer, which has an important place in the history of Troy, covers a diameter of 110 meters and consists of seven building levels. New walls were built in all three main periods. At the monumental entrance, large-sized megarons
• 06:30 - 07:00 are lined up side by side to form an architectural façade. With this sequence, settlement became an important stage in terms of urban planning . A lot of silver and gold were found in this layer, along with vessels and tools made of bronze and copper . This important layer was destroyed as a result of an invasion. Troy Tiers 3 to 5 (c. 2300–1900 BC) Between these periods the city was destroyed and rebuilt several times. Small-scale village settlements are characteristic. The lifestyle
• 07:00 - 07:30 has not changed much in this layer, which consists of four building levels and where the bright age begins to disappear. The ruins in this layer are generally narrow streets and small houses built side by side with rubble stones. Additionally, the walls are made entirely of stone. Although there is no significant innovation in the small ruins, new vessel shapes, beaked jugs, pine-shaped mugs and bowls were found. The fourth layer, which constitutes the last settlement of the Early Bronze Age, consisted of the construction phase of the fifth layer.
• 07:30 - 08:00 There are no city walls in this layer. Domed ovens were unearthed in the courtyards of the houses built in a contiguous order from mud bricks on a stone foundation with clay pavement . The 5th layer, which was the transition to the Middle Bronze Age, was the construction phase of the sixth layer in Troy. Surrounded by a simple city wall, the houses in the settlement were architecturally largely the same as the 4th layer. However, the workmanship was neater and more orderly and the houses were larger in size. There has also
• 08:00 - 08:30 been an increase in the number of beehive-shaped ovens, shapes and domed hearths indoors . These increases and changes indicate a change and development in lifestyle. Troy 6th layer (c. 1900–1300 BC) This layer, dating from the Middle and Late Bronze Age, is an important settlement surrounded by large walls. During this period, Troy stands out as a powerful and rich city-state . The walls and houses built in Troy, the 6th layer, consisting of three main periods and eight building levels,
• 08:30 - 09:00 are the product of superior taste and craftsmanship. The walls and houses built in Troy, consisting of 6 layers consisting of three main periods and eight building levels, are the product of superior taste and craftsmanship. The structures unearthed by excavations are very interesting. With its masterfully constructed structures and city planning, and walls built with meticulous craftsmanship, Troy, the 6th layer,
• 09:00 - 09:30 is considered the most extraordinary and beautiful of the cities of the great ancient world. The Trojans had a high-level cultural life during this period. Troy 6, described as the golden age of the city, was destroyed by a major earthquake. Troy 7th layer (c. 1300–950 BC) Traces of fire and war were found in this layer, called Troy 7A and 7B, 7B1 and B2. During the excavations,
• 09:30 - 10:00 it is seen that there was no interruption in terms of cultural life in the 7th layer A Troy. Because it turned out that the ceramics seen in Troy in the 6th layer were found in the same abundance and quality . In addition to these , there are also walls in this layer using unprocessed stones from the previous layer . It is believed that the period in which Homer's Iliad takes place is mostly in this layer. One reason for believing this is that, according to the chronology of Greek mythology, the dates of the construction of the walls of Troy and layer 7A coincide. In addition
• 10:00 - 10:30 Some ruins found during excavations show that this period was destroyed as a result of a war, perhaps the legendary Trojan War. Human bones have been found in houses and streets . In addition , the jawbones and skulls of the skeletons found in the walls in the Northwest are broken. Three bronze arrowheads were found, two in the castle and one in the city. Archaeologist Ekrem Akurgal reveals with architectural data that this layer is not the time when Homer's Iliad took place.
• 10:30 - 11:00 He states that in this layer people repaired their ruined houses and Walls, but the houses were of poorer quality. In addition, there is a change in architectural arrangement and planning, emphasizing that artistic details and criteria are much lower than in the 6th layer. He says that unfinished and disorganized houses cannot be compared to houses in the 6th tier.
• 11:00 - 11:30 Although it is not clear whether it was destroyed by the legendary war written by Homer, which did not last long, Layer 7A was destroyed by the Greeks. The Trojans, who returned to their city after the invasion of the Greeks, repaired the city walls and houses. By continuing to produce ceramics during this period, the Trojans continued their previous bright cultural life. However, it was destroyed by fires during this period. Layer 7B2: During this period,
• 11:30 - 12:00 a cultural change took place in Troy for the first time since the time of Troy. Button pottery and similar ceramics were made, unlike what the Trojans always made . Similar types of these greyish colored pots with angular handles and horny protrusions have only been encountered in the Balkans until this period. There were differences not only in ceramics and pottery, but also in the construction of buildings . Now the lower borders of the walls are supported with large-sized stones called "orthostats",
• 12:00 - 12:30 as in the Balkans . This information shows us that people of Balkan origin lived in the 7th layer B2. In this layer, the 7th layer was destroyed as a result of fires, as in B1. Troy 8th Layer (c. 700–85 BC) This layer, dating back to the Late Classical and Hellenistic periods, shows that the city was an important settlement during the Hellenistic period as well.
• 12:30 - 13:00 This layer, which dates back to the Roman Empire period, shows that the city was also used as a settlement during the Roman period. Troy 9th layer (c. 85 BC–AD 500) According to the information we have obtained so far
• 13:00 - 13:30 , it appears that it was only affected by Balkan migrations until the 8th layer, when Hellenic culture dominated . There was almost no cultural change in Troy until the Balkan migrations. The Balkan migrations, also known as the Sea Peoples Migration and the collapse of the Hittite Empire, cover the years 1300-1100 BC. So, this means that we need to examine Troy under four main cultural headings. Troy culture, culture formed under the influence of the Balkans, Hellenic culture, Roman culture.
• 13:30 - 14:00 We will not examine Hellenic and Roman Troy. The part we need are the 1st and 2nd cultures. We will examine Troy's relationship with other states and the Turks between 3000 and 1300 BC, that is, until the Balkan migrations . B.C. 3000 - 1300 Anatolia-Mesopotamia in the Bronze Age Information about Anatolia at the end of 3000 BC
• 14:00 - 14:30 . It provides Charteramhari texts describing the heroism of Akkadian King Sargon, who lived between 2334 and 2279. These texts are extremely striking in that they show the connections between Mesopotamia and Anatolia in the last quarter of 3000 BC . In the document called the Charteramhari texts, it is written that the legendary Akkadian King Sargon sailed to the Mediterranean and reached Cyprus and Crete.
• 14:30 - 15:00 In some documents found in the city of Ur , it is described that Naramsin of Akkad fought in lands where no king had set foot before . Early Bronze Age 3 phase is examined in two phases, 3A and 3B, in the coastal areas of Western Anatolia. Early Bronze Age 3A is dated between 2300-2200 BC, and Early Bronze Age 3B is dated between 2200-2000 BC.
• 15:00 - 15:30 During the Early Bronze Age phase 3A, the trade network expanded to include Greece, Anatolia and Syria. This process is defined as the Anatolian Trade network for the Aegean Sea environment or the great caravan route starting from the Troas (Ancient City in Çanakkale) region and reaching Mesopotamia. Especially depas, tankart and spouted jugs are the defining vessel types of this period. Ceramic finds, depas, tankart and
• 15:30 - 16:00 vessel forms called Syrian bottle are known from settlements in Western Anatolia, Troy, Limantepe, Baklatepe, Aegean Islands, Continental Greece and the Balkan Peninsula. It is also encountered in Central Anatolia and northern Southeastern Anatolia. The main factor that enabled the emergence of this period was the commercial colonies established by the Assyrian kingdom. In order to maintain this trade system, the Assyrian State established Karum and Vabartums in Anatolia. Karum is a word derived from the
• 16:00 - 16:30 Sumerian word kar karu . It means port and is defined as a trade center (marketplace). Vabartum is defined as a trading station and operates under the nearest karum. Kültepe Kaniş Karumu (Kayseri) was the colonial center that governed Anatolian trade centers. All the Karums were loyal to Kanish, and he was loyal to Asura. During this period, Anatolia was full of city principalities.
• 16:30 - 17:00 These principalities are constantly in conflict with each other. We learn this information best from the reply letter written by Mama King Anum Hirbi to Kaniş (Kayseri) King Warşama. Doing business with Assyrian merchants increased the territorial awareness of the kings in Anatolia. In this way, the importance of territorial sovereignty has increased. City in Anatolia
• 17:00 - 17:30 There is a Rubaum (Prince) at the head of the principalities of the city kingdoms in Anatolia. For larger kingdoms, the term Rubam Rabium (Great Prince/King) is used. It is understood that queens called Rubatum also had a say in the administration . However, none of their names have been read so far. One of the most important differences that distinguishes Anatolia from other regions is undoubtedly that women also have a say in management. In some documents found in the city of Ur in 3000 BC,
• 17:30 - 18:00 it is stated that Akkadian King Naramsin fought in Anatolia, a land where no king had set foot before . In one of them, it is stated that when Naramsin came to Anatolia, a coalition of 17 kings opposed him. This coalition army was commanded by Hatti King Pampa. Among the kingdoms, the names of Hatti, Kaniş, Amurru Armanuu and Kuşşara are mentioned.
• 18:00 - 18:30 These names, which appeared in 3000 BC, continued to be used in 2000 BC. Thanks to these documents, it is understood that there were many principalities in Anatolia during that period and that they could unite in the face of danger. The Hatti Civilization existed from the end of 3000 BC until the middle of 2000 BC . This period coincides with the Old Bronze Age and the Middle Bronze Age.
• 18:30 - 19:00 The Hatti Civilization was conquered by the Hittites in the middle of 2000 BC . The Hittites adopted the Hatti culture and some religious practices and blended them with their own culture. Hatti lands formed the core region of the Hittite Empire. During this period, Hatti language and culture were assimilated by the Hittites. However, the Hittites adopted many Hatti gods and rituals.
• 19:00 - 19:30 In Hittite sources, Troy is known as "Wilusa". The Hittites, the successors of the Hatti civilization , left some records about Troy. Agreements made between the Hittite Kings and the leaders of Wilusa (Troy) show that these two regions had diplomatic relations. In the Hittite texts dating back to the 13th century BC, there is a treaty between the Hittite King Muvatalli and Wilusa (Trojan) King Alaksandu.
• 19:30 - 20:00 This treaty shows that Troy was under the influence of the Hittite Empire and that there was a certain relationship between them. The legend of the Trojan War and the Wilusa in Hittite inscriptions have been examined by some researchers in the context of Hatti culture and Hittite history. Troy, mentioned in Homer's Iliad, is identified with Wilusa in the Hittite records.
• 20:00 - 20:30 Although there is limited evidence documenting a direct relationship between Hatti and Troy, archaeological finds and historical records indicate indirect connections between these two civilizations. Trade routes, cultural similarities and Hittite records show how Hatti and Troy interacted with each other. reveals that it is. These relationships provide important clues in understanding the early history of Anatolia . In general terms, the current situation in Anatolia.
• 20:30 - 21:00 Assyrian merchants established a wide trade network in Anatolia and connected the region to Mesopotamia. While this trade network brought tin, textile products and luxury goods from Assyria to Anatolia, it also enabled the export of gold, silver and various raw materials from Anatolia to Assyria. Especially Kültepe and the surrounding trade colonies near Kayseri became the center of trade. This led to the revival and enrichment of local economies.
• 21:00 - 21:30 Writing and Administration Assyrian merchants brought cuneiform script to Anatolia to keep trade records. This writing system was adopted by the indigenous people of Anatolia and enabled administrative and commercial transactions to be carried out in a more systematic and organized manner. Urbanization and city states Trade colonies accelerated the urbanization process in Anatolia.
• 21:30 - 22:00 New cities and towns formed around merchant settlements. These cities became social and economic centres. Increasing urbanization also led to the development of political organizations. Local leaders became stronger thanks to the wealth brought by trade and created larger and more complex administrative structures. Cultural Exchange Interaction between Assyrian merchants and the local peoples of Anatolia
• 22:00 - 22:30 encouraged cultural exchange. Elements of Assyrian culture fused with local cultures, creating a rich and diverse cultural environment in Anatolia. During this period, mutual influences were observed in religious beliefs, art, architecture and daily life practices. Ezero Culture of Thrace in the Early Bronze Age Time Period: B.C. 3300-2700 Features The Ezero culture
• 22:30 - 23:00 developed in a region close to the Thrace region in the southeast of today's Bulgaria. The culture takes its name from the village of Ezero in Bulgaria. Houses with stone foundations and mud brick walls have been found in typical Ezero settlements . Ceramics in black or gray, often decorated with geometric patterns, are common. Ezero ceramics bear traces of both local production and external influences. In addition to simple underground graves, richer grave structures have also been found. Grave finds include ceramic vessels,
• 23:00 - 23:30 stone axes and ornaments. Yamnaya Culture Time Period: B.C. 3300-2600 Features Yamnaya culture is a pastoralist culture that spreads over a wide geography. The effects of this culture extended to the Thrace region. Yamnaya people led a largely nomadic life, and horse-drawn nomadism had an important place in this culture. Yamnaya ceramics are simple and plain and often functional.
• 23:30 - 24:00 Mound burials known as Kurgans are common in the Yamnaya culture. In these graves, the dead were buried with various gifts. Karanovo Culture Time Period: B.C. 5000-3500 BC (Neolithic and Chalcolithic Periods), but their influence continued into the Bronze Age. The Karanova culture was discovered near the Karanova Village in Bulgaria . This culture consists of settled communities primarily engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry . Karanovo ceramics are generally
• 24:00 - 24:30 made with fine workmanship and decorated with geometric patterns. Change and development were observed in these ceramics during the transition period to the Bronze Age . Karanova settlements generally consist of houses with stone foundations and mud brick walls. These settlements contributed to the social and economic structure of the Thrace region. TRACANS Thracians are a people who lived in Eastern Europe, especially in present-day Bulgaria,
• 24:30 - 25:00 northern Greece, the European part of Turkey and southern Romania, starting from 2000 BC and throughout the Iron Age and Classical Antiquity . Thrace Region takes its name from these people. A large part of Thracian society consisted of tribes. There was a hierarchical order among the tribes and each tribe had its own leader. Over time, some tribes united into kingdoms. The Thracians were masters of gold and silver
• 25:00 - 25:30 processing. Many gold and silver ornaments, jewelry and ritual vessels have survived. They were also skilled in ceramics, weaving and metalworking. The Thracians were known as a warrior society and chariots, They had various military units such as archers and spears. They had frequent conflicts with neighboring peoples. They
• 25:30 - 26:00 especially fought against the Persians and Macedonians . They became part of the Macedonian Empire after they were defeated by Philip II, father of Alexander the Great . There are many archaeological remains belonging to the Thracian culture. These include burial mounds, rock temples, castles and city ruins . Important Thracian tombs and temples have been discovered in places such as Kazanlak, Perperikon and Strovsel in Bulgaria
• 26:00 - 26:30 . The Thracians had cultural and military influences on the Greek and Roman civilizations. Thrace has been a strategic region for both the Eastern and Western worlds and has therefore constantly attracted the attention of major empires. Thracians also played important roles during the Roman Empire. Many Thracian warriors served in the Roman army. The Thracian civilization, as one of the important historical and cultural elements of the Balkans
• 26:30 - 27:00 , is still at the center of scientific research and archaeological studies. Thrace's rich history in prehistoric and ancient times reveals the depths of the region's cultural heritage. While the Trojan War is mentioned in Homer's Iliad, the Thrace Region and Thracian warriors are also mentioned from time to time. Mythological accounts of warriors from Thrace participating in the Trojan War
• 27:00 - 27:30 also point to possible military and cultural ties between the two regions . As a matter of fact, excavations carried out in Thrace and Troy show that similar pottery jewelry and weapons were used in both regions . These similarities indirectly show that there is an interaction between the two cultures. Architectural similarities can be found between some tomb and temple structures in Thrace and Troy . However, it is debatable whether these similarities arise from direct interaction
• 27:30 - 28:00 or as part of a broader cultural spread . Some historians and archaeologists suggest that people who escaped from the region after the destruction of Troy may have migrated to Thrace and established new settlements there. Although the relationship between Troy and Thrace has not been determined by direct evidence, it indicates various interactions and connections in geographical, cultural and historical contexts
• 28:00 - 28:30 . These connections may have occurred through a variety of means, including trade, migration, military alliances, and cultural exchanges. A full understanding of the relationship between the two regions requires further archaeological and historical research. Scythians in the Bronze Age Scythians were one of the nomadic communities that were influential in the Balkans during the Bronze Age . Scythians are known as a people of Central Asian origin and
• 28:30 - 29:00 are often described as horse warriors. The Scythian presence in the Balkans affected the cultural and political structure in the region. The Scythians generally led a nomadic lifestyle and were engaged in horse breeding in the vast steppes. This nomadic lifestyle led to a similar increase in the Scythian population in the Balkans. Since the Scythians were located at the crossroads of trade routes in the Balkans, they may have also participated in trade in the region.
• 29:00 - 29:30 This encouraged Scythian interactions and cultural exchange in the Balkans . Since the Balkans are located at the crossroads of trade routes, cultural exchange as well as trade took place between different cultures. During this period, trade in copper, silver, gold and other precious metals was intense, and this shaped the economic life of the region. It is seen that local cultures developed and changed during the Bronze Age in the Balkans.
• 29:30 - 30:00 The presence of the Scythians in the Balkans may also have contributed to the development of warrior culture in the region . The warrior tradition of the Scythians played a decisive role in other communities in the Balkans . Attacks of the Balkan (Sea) Tribes The Balkan tribes are a large tribal movement that occurred in two stages, at the end of the 13th century and the beginning of the 12th century BC . Ugarit and Egyptian documents
• 30:00 - 30:30 convey important information about these migrations. In addition to these passports, which are important written sources for the collapse of the Hittite Empire, archaeological excavations The evidence of destruction uncovered as a result is also important resources. Two letters among the Ugarit Documents written in Akkadian cuneiform script provide important information about both the Sea tribes and the collapse of the Hittite Empire. The letter sent by the pagan King of Alachia to King Ammurapi of Ugarit is as follows:
• 30:30 - 31:00 "The king says to Ammurapi, king of Ugarit: Peace be upon you. May the gods protect your health. You wrote to me: "Enemy ships have appeared at sea." If it is true that ships have appeared As for you, where are your armies and your chariots? Is there no enemy behind you? Fortify your cities and your chariots carefully. "Wait for the enemy infantry there."
• 31:00 - 31:30 It appears that the King of Alashia is warning the King of Ugarit of the impending attack of the sea tribes. Ammurapi, the king of Ugarit, responds to the King of Alashiya as follows: "My father says to the king of Alashiya, and your son, the king of Ugarit, says: I bow down at the feet of my father. Peace be upon my father. Many blessings be upon his houses, his wives, his armies, and everything that belongs to my father, the king of Alashiya. My father, here is The enemy ships have come, they have set my cities on fire, and they have done ugly things in the land. Doesn't my father know that all my soldiers are in the land of Hatti and all my ships are in the land of Lukka? "The enemy ships that came to me are seven. And they have done harm to us. Now, if there are any other enemy ships, let me know by any means, so that I may know."
• 31:30 - 32:00 As can be understood from this letter,
• 32:00 - 32:30 a group of Sea tribes attacked Ugarit and destroyed the city. Since all of
• 32:30 - 33:00 the King's sea and land forces went to help the Hittite King, the King could not resist this attack. Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses III describes the wars he fought against the Sea tribes and his victory in his 8th year of rule in writing on the walls of the temple in Medinet-Habu : 'As for foreign countries, they plotted mischief on their own islands (?). Countries were suddenly uprooted and wiped out. No country could stand against their weapons. All the lands, including Hatti, Kode, Carchemish, Yereth and Yeres, were put to the sword together. An encampment was established somewhere in Amurru. The people of Bura were wiped out and it was as if their country had never existed. The flames were raging towards Egypt. The countries of Pelest, Sekker, Shekeleş, Denyen and Veşheş were united and made an alliance. They laid their hands on lands all over the world and spoke with their hearts full of confidence and belief: "Our plans will be successful!"
• 33:00 - 33:30 This inscription
• 33:30 - 34:00 is very important in terms of listing the nations that participated in the attack, those affected by the attack, and the countries that were destroyed. Hatti country is among the countries that were put to the sword. A small section found in the inscriptions in Karnak, which we have included in the previous sections, and the Medinet-Habu Inscriptions clearly show us that
• 34:00 - 34:30 the attacks of the sea tribes movement, supported by archaeological findings, had a great impact on the collapse of the Hittite Empire. TRUVA Two new types of ceramics appeared in the Troy inscriptions for the first time in Northwest Anatolia, starting from 1200 BC, which is considered the beginning of the Iron Age . Barbarian ceramics and nodular ceramics.
• 34:30 - 35:00 It is one of the first archaeological evidence of the migration of new peoples of Balkan origin to Anatolia. The homeland of barbarian ceramics is the middle Danube Balkan region. This ceramic started from Hungary and spread rapidly towards Ukraine. Additionally , production in the Balkans started in the Neolithic period. It continued to be used in the Bronze Age . It continued to be produced in many settlements from the Carpathians (Romania) to the Balkans in the 2000s BC .
• 35:00 - 35:30 In Turkey, this ceramic type was not known in Western Anatolia before 1200 BC. The most recent data to support this situation comes from archaeological excavations in Maydos Kilistepe on the European shore of the Dardanelles. The Bademgedigi Tepe settlement proves that the peoples of Balkan origin moved further south from Troy. Gordion constitutes the final point of this ceramics for now. Relief plates with spiral incised motifs on barbarian ceramics,
• 35:30 - 36:00 small-sized altar table fragments made of terracotta has been found. Cult rock carvings, handmade Barbarian ceramics, and traces of iron workmanship found in prehistoric research in Istanbul indicate the presence of Thracian and Phrygian peoples in the region. NUMBERED CERAMICS The most important signs of the migrations of sea and land tribes that started in the 1200s BC are the lumpy ceramics that are thought to belong to these peoples
• 36:00 - 36:30 , and they play an important role in showing the spread of these peoples. Nodular ceramics, one of the immigrant ceramics of Balkan origin , indicate that there was a second wave after the first period of Balkan migration . Nodular ceramics were first documented during the Blegen period excavations of Troy. Nodular ceramics, dated to the 7th phase of Troy, that is, between 1140-30 and 950 BC, are ceramics
• 36:30 - 37:00 with a well-exposed surface, black color, protruding and decorated with s-profiled reliefs as well as grooved decorations. Tubers used as decoration are placed on the abdomen and shoulders of the vessels in 3-4-5 numbers or more. MIGRATIONS FROM THE EAST, WARS, FOUNDED STATES PHRYGIANS Herodotus states that the Phrygians actually came from Southeastern Europe, perhaps from Macedonia and
• 37:00 - 37:30 Thrace. Just before or just after the Trojan War, which dates back to around 1180 BC . This date places their arrival at the same time as events such as the sea tribes migration and the collapse of the Hittite Empire, as well as movements from west to east. Contrary to all these data, the following is stated in Hittite and Assyrian documents: Some Assyrian sources say that the Kashkas living in the Caucasus are of the same origin as the Mushkis.
• 37:30 - 38:00 In the late documents of the Hittite Empire, the name Mita from the enemy Pahuwa (near Divriği) is mentioned. Archaeological data equates the name Mita with the name Midas, based on later written documents. II. ASSURNASİRPAL (883-859 BC) Taxes Kutmuhi and Mushki Country. III. During the reign of SALMANASAR (Şalmanasar), the Tabal Region was taken under sovereignty and subjected to taxes. Then, the Mushkis were taxed by the Tabal principalities under Assyrian Sovereignty and migrated to the west.
• 38:00 - 38:30 II. During the reign of SARGON, the name Muşkulu Mida = Midas is mentioned. The Mushkis began to emerge as a political power in the 8th century BC. However, they are not fully independent. Together with Phrygian, they lay the foundation of a kingdom. Five confederations unite and establish the kingdom, whose capital is Gordion. This kingdom
• 38:30 - 39:00 represents the Western Phrygians. Tabal in the Kayseri region is seen to represent the Eastern Phrygians. During these years, Midas fought with the Assyrians and showed military superiority in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. He captured cities in the province of Que (modern Cilicia). But after a short time, the Assyrians took back these cities.
• 39:00 - 39:30 Three years later, in 712 BC, the country of Tabal came under Assyrian rule. Assyria made a Peace Treaty with the Mushkis in 709 BC . After this agreement, there is no mention of the Mushkis and Mita in Assyrian sources. After this, Greek sources mention Midas of Phrygia instead of Mita of Mushki. In this case, it is understood that Mita turned to the West after the events with Assyria and
• 39:30 - 40:00 improved her relations with the West. There are many articles about the Mushki, Mita, Midas, Mushki peoples and this period. These people's communities reached the highest level of the kingdom together with Gordion and Midas. According to ancient sources, the first King of the Phrygian state was Gordios, who gave his name to the capital Gordion. Although the Phrygian alphabet is similar to the Greek alphabet, it has an extra number of words.
• 40:00 - 40:30 Therefore, the language could be read; However, it has not yet been understood due to the lack of bilingual texts. In a separate title related to this subject; We will talk about its similarities with Turkish and the studies carried out. Areas of influence of Balkan migrations and wars MIGRATION OF THE KIMMERS
• 40:30 - 41:00 Cimmerians had adopted a nomadic lifestyle. This lifestyle, known as horse nomads, has provided them with great mobility and attack ability. They also had close contact with the Scythian and Sarmatian tribes. At the end of the Scythian pressure, the Cimmerians crossed the Caucasian passes and reached Eastern Anatolia. The Cimmerian communities, which made the Scythians lose their traces , soon
• 41:00 - 41:30 spread to the Urartu settlement area. Facing direct Cimmerian attacks The Urartu Kings who were faced with the situation made efforts to prevent these attacks . The Urartians, who struggled to resist the Cimmerian raids at the end of the 8th century BC, had to choose the path of agreement with them. The Cimmerians, who also fought against the Assyrians, spread into Anatolia and attacked the Phrygians, and from there they reached Western Anatolia and
• 41:30 - 42:00 gave the Lydians a difficult time. When the Cimmerians descended to Anatolia as a result of the pressure of the Scythians, from the end of the 8th century BC to Western Anatolia, and from the beginning of the 6th century BC, when the Lydians deported the last Cimmerian tribes to the Cappadocia region east of the Red River, it is understood that they continued their existence in Anatolia for approximately 100 years. In fact, it can be thought that the great states of that period, such as Urartu, Assyria, Phrygia and Lydia,
• 42:00 - 42:30 were terrified by the Cimmerian raids and took various precautions, and that the Cimmerians were enemies that could not be underestimated. We understand this from the fact that they often chose to reach an agreement with the Cimmerians. Archaeological findings have also been obtained showing that the Cimmerians attacked Urartian settlements and destroyed some places . Excavations were carried out in the Giriktepe or Değirmentepe mound located near
• 42:30 - 43:00 Patnos . An Urartian Palace was found here. It is understood that the palace was destroyed as a result of a severe fire , the adobe walls were baked and turned into bricks and have remained intact until today. Skeletons of people burned during the war were found in the palace. The bodies were burned and charred in the intense fire during the war . It is thought that as a result of a sudden enemy attack towards the end of the 8th century BC, the palace and its annexes burned and collapsed, and
• 43:00 - 43:30 the people inside could not escape. It is thought that the enemy who made this sudden attack was the Cimmerians coming from the north over the Caucasus. The fact that Urartu King Argishti II took action to stop these attacks towards the north strengthens the view that Giriktepe Palace was burned and destroyed by the Cimmerians towards the middle of the period when Argishti was the Urartu king . Important information is given about the Cimmerian attacks on Assyria
• 43:30 - 44:00 during the time of Ashurbanipal. According to this information, the Cimmerians reached the Assyrian border in large numbers under the leadership of their King Tugdamme and established their headquarters there. However, according to the information given by the Cimmerian king Tugdamme Ashurbanipal, he died of a terrible disease while attacking the Assyrian border . The Cimmerian pressure did not continue any longer and they
• 44:00 - 44:30 withdrew. However, during the time of Ashurbanipal, an agreement was made between the Cimmerians and Assyrians, in which Ashurbanipal himself participated. However, after this agreement, the Cimmerians and Assyrians had to fight. The Cimmerians attacked Assyria for the second time. However, the struggles among the Cimmerians also reduced their power. However, after a major defeat in the Assyrian border region, the cause of which is unknown, the Cimmerian power
• 44:30 - 45:00 suddenly came to an end. Undoubtedly, it can be thought that some migrations were effective in their loss of power in the mentioned region . It is possible to think that the Cimmerians, who went down to Cilicia and captured the cities of Tarsus and Anhiale , extended to the Mediterranean and were there by Scythians. Although some scientists do not accept this view: especially when it is taken into account that the names of the Scythians are mentioned in Assyrian sources and that they were based on the Assyrian border, the Cimmerians' We think that the possibility that it may have an impact on the population being pushed towards the west and being harmed should not be ignored.
• 45:00 - 45:30 Considering that the Cimmerians landed on the Assyrian border at the beginning of the 7th century BC, it is understood that they troubled the Assyrians until the beginning of the last quarter of the 7th century BC, that is, until the death of king Tugdamme.
• 45:30 - 46:00 The fact that the Assyrians both had to form an alliance with the surrounding communities and made an agreement with the Cimmerians reveals the fact that they were made to struggle by the Cimmerians, even though they had a strong state in the Asia Minor world at that time . After entering the borders of the Urartu State, the Cimmerians reached the Assyrian border, and as we mentioned above, they lived in the 7th century BC.
• 46:00 - 46:30 They struggled from the beginning until the beginning of the 4th quarter of the 7th century BC. Cimmerians began to spread towards Central Anatolia in a short time. The Cimmerians invaded the lands under Phrygian rule in 676 BC and captured their capital, Gordion. The destruction of the Phrygian state, which was in its most glorious age, by the Cimmerians clearly shows how effective the Cimmerian migration that took place during the invasion was. There is no written document about the
• 46:30 - 47:00 Cimmerian Phrygian struggle. As can be understood from the Gordion excavations , evidence has been obtained showing that the city was brutally destroyed . The Phrygian state, which could not resist the incursions of the Cimmerians in the first quarter of the 7th century BC, collapsed. The people living in Gordion, the capital of the Phrygians, had to leave their city without even being able to save their belongings
• 47:00 - 47:30 . Although the Phrygians settled in Gordion again for a certain period of time, the state disappeared from the stage of history as a result of the Cimmerian raids. The Cimmerians, who spread to the interior of Anatolia in a short time, put an end to the Phrygian state, turned towards the West and settled on the borders of Lydia. Some tribes of the Cimmerians reached the Black Sea coast via Paphlagonia. Sinope, the powerful colony of Miletos, was destroyed and
• 47:30 - 48:00 settled in this region. Cimmerians spread in the Black Sea region as far as Trabzon in the east and Karadeniz Ereğli in the west. When the Lydians saw that the Cimmerians would reach their region, they were alarmed. They even had to ask for help from the Assyrians. In documents from the time of Ashurbanipal , it is mentioned that the Lydian King Guggu sent envoys to Nineveh to ask for help
• 48:00 - 48:30 . While these diplomatic contacts were continuing, the Cimmerians attacked Lydia. Gyges' army surprisingly won the battle, which was fought in a plain far from Sardes. However, around 646-645 BC, the Cimmerians launched a second attack on Lydia in large numbers and very suddenly.
• 48:30 - 49:00 After the war that resulted in the death of Lydian King Gyges, the Cimmerians reached Sardes, the capital of Lydia. Although they did not capture the acropolis, which was built on a steep rock high above the plain, they entered the lower city and plundered it. The nomads who destroyed Sardis did not stop here and quickly returned. Some of them turned towards the northwest and
• 49:00 - 49:30 settled around the city of Antandros near Edremit. The powerful Lydian King Alyattes went on an expedition against the Bithynia region in the north at the beginning of the 6th century BC . He marched on the Cimmerian tribes who settled in the Antandros region in the north of Lydia and exiled them to the Cappadocia region on the eastern bank of the Kızılırmak. Thus, he cleared all of Western Anatolia from the last Cimmerian remnants. The Cimmerians were a threat to other communities, especially the Lydians, in Western Anatolia,
• 49:30 - 50:00 from approximately 657 BC until the beginning of the 7th century BC . Although they spread to all four corners of Anatolia , their emergence as a large migration even in Western Anatolia and their successful struggle against powerful states should be considered a remarkable development. Scythians, who followed the Cimmerians and reached Eastern Anatolia, the Urartu country, and the Urartu
• 50:00 - 50:30 King Rusa II made an agreement by following a wise policy in 685-645 BC . The Scythians, who followed the Cimmerians, crossed the Caucasus and reached the northern borders of the Assyrian state via the Urartu State . The Scythians, who came right after the Cimmerians, passed on to Assyrian sources together with the Cimmerians. Esarhaddon made an agreement with the Scythian King Bartatua and gave his daughter to him. As a result of the friendship between Assyria and Scythia, the Assyrian King Asarhaddon went to Hubashna
• 50:30 - 51:00 and defeated the Cimmerian leader Teushpa and his ally Hilakku state. Meanwhile, the Scythians did not remain idle and began to pressure the Cimmerians towards the West. As a result, the Cimmerians spread into the interior of Anatolia. Esarhaddon, who made an agreement with the Scythians, marched towards the West against the Cimmerians and won victory against them,
• 51:00 - 51:30 also mentions this victory on the Til-Barsip Stele. Scythians in the documents of the reign of Esarhaddon The information given about him is also supported by the narratives of classical Greek writers. Indeed, there is no record in Herodos that a large Scythian army led by Madyas, son of Protothyes , entered Asia to pursue the Cimmerians they had expelled from the North of the Black Sea. It is generally accepted that the Scythian king mentioned in Herodotus
• 51:30 - 52:00 as Protothyes is King Bartatua, who is mentioned in Assyrian documents and made an agreement with the Assyrian King Asarhaddon. The Scythians , whose names were mentioned in Assyrian written sources towards the end of the 8th century BC and whose names were frequently mentioned in later Assyrian sources, had to make an agreement with the Scythians, and their relations with the Assyrian State ended approximately 1 century after they reached this geography, with the disappearance of Assyria. It seems that it has reached.
• 52:00 - 52:30 Turkish Natives of Greece: Pelasgians Archaeological excavations carried out in recent centuries , far from diminishing the scientific value of ancient writers and especially Herodotus, have confirmed their stories. It has been seen that , leaving aside the unimportant details, what the real historians and poets of that age wrote correspond to historical facts to a surprising extent.
• 52:30 - 53:00 The discovery of Troy, known as a legendary and imaginary city for centuries, showed that Schliemann's trust in Homer was justified. That is why ancient sources have not lost their value for today's historians. Especially Herodotus is considered as the Bible, especially in terms of the history of Iran and the customs and traditions of Egypt . However, there is an exception to this situation. Today's historians, and especially historians of Latin countries
• 53:00 - 53:30 , seem to have agreed to assume that the nation, whose migrations and customs and traditions are mentioned by Herodotus in many parts of his work called Pelasgoi, does not exist . Nowadays, the history of Greece and its prehistory can be written without mentioning the Pelasgians. You can only find a line or two about them in some dictionaries and some encyclopedias. In a work such as the "Historical Atlas" published by Stock Publishing House in 1968, the fact that the word Pelasg
• 53:30 - 54:00 is not seen either in the text or in the notes reflects the attitude of today's historians quite well. While this situation exists, the voices of people like Luigi Pareti, Massimo Pollottino, who wrote the Pelasg article in the Italian encyclopedia, denying the historical existence of the Pelasg nation are rising here and there . They can portray the ancient writers as idiots and claim that they were talking nonsense about the Pelasgians,
• 54:00 - 54:30 that they were deceived by the similarities in place names, and that they created the Pelasg myth by falling prey to wrong judgments, elaborate assumptions and fantasies specific to the Greeks . One wonders why there is such a lack of composure and such a lack of scientific objectivity. ADİLE AYDA Diplomat, Academician, Writer
• 54:30 - 55:00 In the following chapters, we will start with the Pelasgians and delve into the roots of peoples such as Troy, Thracian, Etruscan, Yamna, Phrygian, Mushki, Cimmerian, Hatti, whose names you have heard so far , and look at their similarities with the Turks. PELASGIANS According to accepted history, the name Pelasg is the name of a people who lived in Crete and the Aegean islands in northern and central Greece, their homeland before the arrival of the Hellenic tribes
• 55:00 - 55:30 mentioned in Ancient Greek texts . In Greek sources , 5th-4th BC . Although their names have been mentioned for centuries, they have been assimilated over time. It is known that the Pelasgians spoke a language that the Greeks did not understand. It is still debated whether the Pelasgian language belongs to the Indo-European language family . Again, considering the accepted history
• 55:30 - 56:00 , the Pelasgians were one of the tribes that the Hellenes defined as Barbarians. As it is known, these tribes were Balkan Eurasian Anatolian peoples such as Lydia, Thrace, Phrygia, or Phoenicia. The Pelasgians also lost their lands in the war against the Hellenes. Homer gives information that the Pelasgians were the indigenous people of Epirus, Southeastern Thrace, Argos, Pelopenes and Crete. Some Georgian researchers have established a connection between the Pelasgians and the Colchis peoples and culture
• 56:00 - 56:30 . It is plausible, considering that peoples of Caucasian origin, such as the Hattians, came to Anatolia before the Indo -Europeans. Although it is coming, it has not been proven. Bulgarian linguist Georgie associated the Pelasgians with the Thracian people. Romanian researcher Nicolae Densusianu described the Pelasgians as a Proto Latin-speaking people. Archaeological findings have revealed that the Pelasgians have absolutely no similarities with other folk cultures other than the culture of the Illyrian people
• 56:30 - 57:00 . In other words, evidence has been found showing that the Pelasgian language is only related to Albanian. For example, the word "pygros" is still used in today's Albanian language. Similar Pelasgian words are explained only in Albanian. An inscription thought to belong to the Pelasgians was found in Kaminya on the island of Lemnos in 1885 and is today exhibited in the National Museum of Athens. Following this inscription, some researchers have put forward
• 57:00 - 57:30 some theories that the Pelasgian language has similarities with the Thracian, Etruscan and even Turkish languages . We will explain this inscription for you in the next section and read it in detail. DNA samples taken from 80 Etruscan skeletons have shown that the genetics of the Etruscans may be related to today's Anatolian Turks and, contrary to popular belief, there may be genetic continuity in Anatolian society for several thousand years . The scarcity of physical findings regarding the existence of the Pelasgians, who are likely
• 57:30 - 58:00 to have Anatolian origins like the Etruscans, causes all predictions to remain at the level of theory. In the second part of Homer's work , while talking about the ancient city of Argos, he describes this city as Pelasgic. It means the city of Pelasg, founded by the Pelasgians . Later, when talking about the Trojan army that fought against the Greeks, Homer mentions the Pelasgian tribes
• 58:00 - 58:30 with strong bayonets from which the city of Larissa was fed . As we know, Larissa is a city belonging to the Thessaly region. In the 10th chapter of the Iliad, we see that the word Pelasg is mentioned after the story of the following events: The Trojan commander and hero Hector sends a person named Dolon to explore to obtain information about the situation of the Acre fleet opposite Troy . Dolon
• 58:30 - 59:00 is captured and interrogated by the Greeks. That's when Dolon lists the allies of Troy and mentions the Pelasgians and Thracians. If we open a separate parenthesis to the Trojan hero named Dolon ... Iliad chapter 10: Dolon put his curved bow on his shoulders and put on the skin of a gray wolf. He put a helmet made of marten skin on his head. He took his sharp spear in his hand. He walked from the Trojan army towards the ships. Dolon
• 59:00 - 59:30 was the son of Eumedes and had five sisters. Hector demanded that all Trojan warriors be summoned . Considered a fast runner, Dolon volunteered to spy on the Acrean ships and check how the Acres were protecting them . In return, Hector offered Achilles' horses and bronze chariot to Dolon as rewards at the end of the war. Afraid of being deceived, Dolon demanded that Hector swear that he would fulfill the promised reward.
• 59:30 - 60:00 Dolon left wearing a wolf skin and a marten hide to blend in with his surroundings . His plan was to deceive the Achaeans by walking on all fours. By chance, the Achaean warriors led by Diomedes and Odysseus, who set out to plunder the Trojan tents with a secret raid, saw Dolon coming . They hid behind the bodies of the dead so that Dolon could not see them
• 60:00 - 60:30 . Diomedes chased Dolon under the guidance of God Athena. After being tortured, Dolon begged for his life. He told these two warriors that his father, Eumedes, was very rich and could therefore be worth a high ransom to him . Odysseus said he would not kill Dolon if he told the two why he was spying on the Achaeans. Dolon told Odysseus everything he needed to know. Dolon then
• 60:30 - 61:00 informed the two warriors which Trojan allies lived in which tent and what their powers were. After this, Odysseus broke his promise and Dolon was beheaded by Diomedes. Odysseus and Diomedes set out to wreak havoc on the Trojan camp, kill the Thracian King Rhesus, and steal the valuable horses. According to Herodotus, judging by the language of the Pelasgian remnant population living
• 61:00 - 61:30 in the city of Kreston above the Tyrrhenians and also in the cities of Plakya and Stulaka around the Dardanelles, Pelasgians spoke a barbaric language. In the language of the Greeks in the time of Herodotus, the word "barbarian", as it is known, means "non-Greek". Western researchers confirm that, as in Greece, the first inhabitants of Italy were not of Indo-European origin. Etruscan Inscriptions unearthed in Italy have been studied for the last 500 years. Researchers eventually
• 61:30 - 62:00 concluded that the Etruscans, who founded the Etruscan civilization in Italy before the Romans, were not of Indo-European origin . It is also known that the national origin of the Etruscans was the Pelasgian nation, which was exiled from Greece as a result of being considered Greek, and later the Trojan tribes who migrated from Troy. The involvement of the Pelasgians in the formation of Italy's national origin
• 62:00 - 62:30 is widely explained in the works of ancient historians and poets. The ancient Roman poet Publius Vergilius Maro, called Virgil for short , also shows the Pelasgians as the first inhabitants of the Latin country in his work Georgica . More detailed information about the arrival of the Pelasgians to Italy is given by the ancient Greek historian Dionysios of Halicarnassus. According to what he wrote , some of the Pelasgians exiled from Greece settled in Italy. An information given by Virgil regarding the Enotr clan of the Pelasgians
• 62:30 - 63:00 is of particular importance. Virgil describes the king named "ital" of the legendary Entors who came to Italy. This information shows that the Pelasgians settled in Italy a long time ago, and that they named the country after the khan who ruled them. The following information can be seen in several places on the 136th page of Virgil's Aeneid : "In the west, there is a country that the Greeks call Esperia. In this old, productive and powerful country, protected by powerful weapons, Enotre soldiers first lived. Now their descendants have named this country after their leaders and call themselves Italian." "They said."
• 63:00 - 63:30 In the same work, Virgil explains that a group of Pelasgian origins also came to Italy. Talking about the migration of the Trojans to Italy after the Greek destruction, Virgil provides interesting information about the origin of the Pelasgians
• 63:30 - 64:00 . According to Virgil, the migrating Trojans said that the Pelasgians were their own kinsmen. This information shows that in ancient times, Italy was the settlement area of ​​the people called Trojans and Pelasgians. Additionally, on page 166, Virgil also conveys the following words of the Trojans who migrated to Italy: "That (Italy) is our homeland. Dardan was born there, Yasiy was also born there, and our lineage is derived from him."
• 64:00 - 64:30 Another ancient Greek historian, Hellenic of Lesbos, gives information on page 21 of his work Foronida, showing that the Pelasgians and the Etruscans, also called the Tirsenes, are the same Nation . Ancient Greek historian Thucydides, while describing the natives of the Atik peninsula, formerly called Akt-Akti, states that the Pelasgians, a part of the Tirsenes, also lived here. On the 22nd page of the same work,
• 64:30 - 65:00 it is stated that the Tirsens were previously called Pelasgians. According to ancient historians, the Pelasgians settled in Peloponnese, Thessaly and some other provinces of Greece . Thucydides states that this nation, later called Tirren and Tirsen, lived in Lemnos, Imbros, Iskiri Islands and other regions. Long after the Pelasgians migrated to Italy due to the Greeks' capture of Ellada (Northern Greece),
• 65:00 - 65:30 some of the Trojans exiled by the Greeks migrated to Italy. The mixing of the Trojans and the locals who came to Italy under the leadership of Eney, the hero of the Trojan War, formed the origin of the Latin community. Dionysios of Halicarnassus, in his work on the ancient times of Rome, gives the following information on this subject: "The Latin leader of the locals united the Trojans with his own nation by marrying his daughter Lavinia to Eney. They established a general government and the local leader Latin They gave the name to the newly formed society as the name of the nation. Thus, the Latin society was formed. Sixteen generations after the fall of Troy, the Trojans quickly captured Palantiya by sending their warriors to Palantiya and Saturniya, under the leadership of Romulus, the seventeenth-generation grandson of Hakan Eney. "The strong castle established in 1960 was named Rome after Romulus, the leader of Eney's grandchildren."
• 65:30 - 66:00 As for the origin of the Pelasgian Nation, the fact that ancient historians consider the Pelasgians to be close to the Tyrrhenians or Tirsenes (Etruscans) indicates
• 66:00 - 66:30 that they are not of Indo-European origin, but rather of Trojan Etruscan ancestry . Ancient Greek historian Dionysius Halicarnassus wrote that the Tyrrhenians, that is, the Etruscans and the Pelasgians, were the same nation. Hellanicus , a Greek historian
• 66:30 - 67:00 from Lesbos (Lesbos) who lived in the 5th century, wrote that the Tirsenes/Etruscans were previously called Pelasgians and that some of them migrated to Italy after the spread of the Greeks. The Pelasgian Inscription unearthed on the island of Lemnos also shows that Pelasgian and Tirsen, that is, Etruscan languages, are just different pronunciations of the same language. As can be seen, the information given by ancient Greek historians shows that neither Troy nor the country called Greece
• 67:00 - 67:30 were Greek lands in the earliest periods, and that Pelasgians, Etruscans and Thracians from the same lineage as the Tuvans lived in Greece . Old Turkish names were found in the personal names of the Pelasgians, Trojans and Thracians who first settled in Greece . These determined names, as well as the information given by ancient European sources, indicate that the problem of the origin of the Trojans needs to be examined regionally within the borders of
• 67:30 - 68:00 Anatolia, Greece and Italy, where the same origin Trojan, Thracian, Pelasgian and Etruscan languages ​​are spoken . LMNI INSCRIPTION The Stele, also known as the Kaminya Stele, was found built into a church wall in Kaminya. It is currently located in the National Archaeological Museum of Athens. The stele features a low-relief human bust and
• 68:00 - 68:30 is written in an alphabet similar to the western Greek alphabet. The inscription is in the style of "Baustraphedon" and is transliterated. However, serious linguistic analysis based on comparisons with Etruscan, combined with work on Etruscan's own translation , could not and still has not been translated successfully . The inscription consists of 198 characters of 33 to 40 words. Word separation is sometimes indicated by 1 to 3 dots. The text on the front consists of three parts, two
• 68:30 - 69:00 vertical and one horizontal. Kazım Mirşan, who worked on this subject, read the inscription in Turkish verbatim as follows: "According to today's Turkish; "AS ATA, the reason why I am unveiling the statue of our leader, which we flew to God with a ceremony, so that it belongs to God, is for the perceived God. It is the nationally commemorated day of reaching God. The feast of being burned on fire was given with this opening so that the person could reach God through the sacred fire."
• 69:00 - 69:30 "The Lemnos Inscription consists of two parts, the main inscription and the YUĞ inscription. These two parts may differ from each other not only in terms of the inner hole [mmderecat] but also in terms of some tamga shapes. While the "N" symbol is in the form of a circle in the main inscription, it is in the form of a square in the YUG inscription, which we also see in the Kâmten (Austria) inscriptions."
• 69:30 - 70:00 The base inscription of the Lemnos Monument (YUĞ inscription); is read from right to left as follows in Turkish; The writing has been declared to be thrown away (from his skin) in the form of evidence, the ceremony to make the one who has reached God in this way (in writing) public, by ensuring that our leader prophet flies (to God), so that he can be the one who reaches our God.
• 70:00 - 70:30 Another feature is that the N symbol is written as a square (□) in the Taban inscription, that is, in the Yuğ inscription, while it is written as a "round (o)" in the main text. Another
• 70:30 - 71:00 feature is that the lines of the main inscription were written in the normal writing style . While it is written with , the YUĞ inscription is written as "privileged" according to the Georg Zoega rule. We also see this privilege in the Phrygian inscriptions. According to all this, we can say that the Lemnos inscription does not belong to the Italian Etruscans. It is much more likely that it is a text originating from the Phrygian script. If so, the Lemnos Inscription would belong to a much later time than the Phrygian inscriptions; However, it will not be possible to determine exactly when the inscription was written (since it was written on stone).
• 71:00 - 71:30 TURKISH NATIVES OF THRACIA: THRACIANS "The first person to live in Thrace was Tiras, the son of Jafes, the son of Noah. From him, the nation known as the Turks emerged." Elena Aleksandrovna Mel'nikova Pavel Konstantinovich Kokovtsev, who examined the correspondence
• 71:30 - 72:00 between the Khazar State and the Jews in the 10th century AD, published it in 1932. He shares the following information with us in the book he published in the Soviet Union: "In the correspondence of the Khazar Turks, the names Avar, Oghuz, Bizal, Tarna, Hazar, Tirs are the names of the ten sons of Togarma, the son of Yafes. These people also formed the names of the old Turkish nations."
• 72:00 - 72:30 Here is a section from that letter in question: "In the name you sent, you also asked, 'Which people, family and clan are you from?' Know this that we are descendants of Togarma, the son of Jafes. According to what I found from the genealogies of my ancestors, Togarma had ten sons. Their names are "The name of the eldest is Uygur, the second is Tauris, the third is Avar, the fourth is Oghuz, the fifth is Barsil, the sixth is Tarna, the seventh is Khazar, the eighth is Yanur, the ninth is Bulgar, and the tenth is Suvar. My lineage comes from the seventh son, Hazar." - Khazar Khagan Yusuf.
• 72:30 - 73:00 The name Tirs/Tauris of these 10 brothers is reminiscent of Tiras, the name of the great ancestor of the Turks seen in old Scandinavian geographical works. It is stated in the sources that Tiras was the first native of Thrace and that the nation called Turk was derived from
• 73:00 - 73:30 Troy between 1932 and 1938. Carl William Blegen, who is known for his archaeological excavations of Troy and his comprehensive studies on ancient Troy, states that the Trojans who settled in Anatolia in 3000 BC were a branch of the Thracians , which is already a known fact in Scandinavian sources, stating that the Trojans and the Turks are the same nation. It is not an empty
• 73:30 - 74:00 information written unconsciously. In Snorre Storlerson's work "Edda", the nation that came to the north of Europe under the leadership of Odin is sometimes described as the Trojans and sometimes as the Turks , which shows that they are known as the same nation. We covered it in our video. If you want, you can also take a look at that video. The information provided by European historical sources from the period between
• 74:00 - 74:30 the 7th and 12th centuries about the Trojans and Thracians being Turks was not dependent on any political guidance as in this period. First, it is absurd that Europeans invented that the Thracians and Trojans were Turks . Because today's love of pretending to be Indo-European did not exist yet at that time. Anyway, that's what they were writing. Therefore, sources from the 7th and 12th centuries cannot be considered fabricated. But still, it is not 100% true. It needs to be supported by archaeological evidence. Secondly, there is
• 74:30 - 75:00 a much more important reason to show that these stories are based on facts . Numerous proto-Turkish names carried by the Trojans and Thracians and archaeological excavations. Yes, the archaeological record gives us much more. We will see it all. Nikolay Yakovlevich Marr, an archaeologist and linguist, concluded in his research that the Turkish language was spoken on the Mediterranean coast before the emergence of Greek and Latin languages, and that Chuvash Turkish
• 75:00 - 75:30 served as a solvent for the ancient languages ​​of Europe . Before moving on to the Chuvash dialect of Turkish, let's go back to the famous Tiras and Togarma, who were claimed to be Turks and descended from Yasef, the son of the Prophet Noah, at the beginning of the video. According to the Bible, Tiras' brother is Gomer. Gomer's son is Togarma. The following is stated in the two works of
• 75:30 - 76:00 Ebul Gazi Bahadır Khan, the ruler of the Khiva Khanate , titled Secere-i Terakkime and Secere-i Türk, written in 1660 : "Yafes had eight sons. They had many children. The names of their children were: Turk , Khazar, Saklap, Rus, Ming, Chinese, Kimer, Tari." Researchers, "Etruscans, Thracians, Troy for Tiras." Refers to "Cimmerians for Gomer". They make the following statement about Togarma."
• 76:00 - 76:30 The name of Togarma, a symbol of the Turks, appeared in Anatolia in ancient times. It is stated that in the 7th century BC, there was a country called Togarma in the northeast of Anatolia, and in another source, there was a castle called Togarma. Grigory Kapansyan According to the writings of Manuk Abegyan, the name of an ancient god of Anatolia was Tork. This god first became the god of the city called Tarkuma and was later used in the stories of all Anatolian nations under the names Tarku, Tarkhu and Troka
• 76:30 - 77:00 . Kapansyan states, "Armenians adopted this old god as Togarma and Tork." The nation names Tork and Togarma later turned into God names in the 13th century. Frik, the Armenian poet who lived,
• 77:00 - 77:30 showed that the oldest nation in Anatolia was the Turks, citing Togarma as the ancestor of the Tatars. European researcher Z. Mayani also shows that the word "Tarku" is the surname of the Etruscans. We will examine more detailed information about Togarma in another video . The fact that the Etruscan khans who also ruled the city of Rome bore the name "Tarku" clarifies the known problem of
• 77:30 - 78:00 the Etruscans being from the same lineage as the Turks who founded the city of Troy . Thus, it reveals the fact that the biblical heroes named Tiras, Gomer and Togarma refer to the ancient Turks who settled in Anatolia and Europe . As a result , it is clearly stated in the sources that not only the Trojans but also many other ancient nations of the region, such as the Cimmerians, Etruscans, Thracians and Togarma, were of Turkish origin . Troy was only a part of the Turkish countries in the west. Ancient Turks coming from
• 78:00 - 78:30 many places settled in Anatolia . In the same period as the ancient city of Troy, located on the Aegean Sea coast of Çanakkale province in Anatolia, in other words, between 3000 and 2000 BC, "Turukis" or "Turkis" lived in Anatolia and "Turukkis" lived in Southern Azerbaijan. The nation names Turukka in Prakrit and Turuşka in Sanskrit indicate Turks. It is clearly seen that the name Turushka is compatible with the words
• 78:30 - 79:00 Turski, which indicates the Etruscans in the Latin language, and Turşa, which indicates the Trojans in ancient Egyptian sources. Another example of a proper name that sheds light on the bond between the Trojans and the Turks appears in ancient Iranian sources. There is a clear similarity between the Trojans and their narrative great ancestor Tor, and Turyana, which refers to the country of the Turanians in the Avesta, and Tura, the narrative ancestor of this nation
• 79:00 - 79:30 . In Firdevsi's verse-shaped work called Shahname, Turan, which is considered the country of the Turks, is used instead of Turyana, and Tur, his great ancestor, is described. Language data also confirm the accuracy of the information given by ancient European sources about the species origin of the Thracians and Trojans . These data are ancient Turkish names determined among the personal names of the Thracians and Trojans. Thus, in the Mediterranean
• 79:30 - 80:00 region, in Asia Minor, the Caucasus, the Balkans and the Aegean, ancient Turkish nations with names such as Tiras, Turis and Tursi, with the same root, existed. You can now see some of the old Turkish nation names and their old sources: Dardans
• 80:00 - 80:30 were mentioned as one of the Thracian tribes in ancient times. In old written works, the name Dardan was used as the name of both a person, a nation and a country . This name is common among the Thracians and Trojans. Historian K. Blegen
• 80:30 - 81:00 stated that the Trojans were the grandchildren of the Thracians who came to Anatolia between 3000 and 2500 BC . This supports the idea that the Trojans and Thracians were originally a single nation . Western linguists have not been able to offer a satisfactory explanation about the origin of the name "dardan". They suggested that this name derives from the Balkan Albanian word "darde", meaning pear . However, it does not seem realistic to associate a word
• 81:00 - 81:30 with broad meanings, such as the name of a tribe, person or country, with the word pear . The name "Dardan" can be explained with the grammatical rules and sources of Turkic languages. If the word "dardan" was of Albanian origin , such a place name should exist in the language of Balkan Albanians. On the other hand, the name "dardan" is among the personal and mountain names of Turkish nations . Kazakh linguist A. Kaydarov reported that
• 81:30 - 82:00 the mountain name "dardan", which is among the oldest proper names of Kazakhstan, is derived from the descriptive word "dar" in the Kazakh Turkish language, meaning "big as a mountain" . According to Kaydar, the verb "dardi", meaning "to show off, to see oneself great", was formed from the root "dar", and the name "dardan", meaning "great and great". The name dardan, which is
• 82:00 - 82:30 among the personal names of Kyrgyz Turks , is based on a similar linguistic and semantic origin. "dardan" meaning "largely large-bodied and robust man" in Kyrgyz language The qualifying word forms this name. The phrase "Dardan Baatır" (Dardan Bahadır) was widely used in stories and works related to the Kyrgyz national culture to describe the personalities of heroes, brave men and wrestlers . The name Dardan has a deep origin in its historical and linguistic context. It is included in historical records as one of the Thracian tribes
• 82:30 - 83:00 and is derived from words meaning "great and sublime" in Turkish languages. This shows that the name Dardan has a multi-layered and rich meaning structure. Contrary to the claims of Western linguists, this name has a strong and meaningful place in Turkish languages ​​and culture. Let's give some examples of Thracian names: "SAKİ" In the past, a Thracian tribe was called Saki. In ancient sources, the Skay Tribe who lived in Troy and Thrace was also mentioned. A connection can be established between these Saki and Skay tribe names and the old Turkish Saka nation name.
• 83:00 - 83:30 "ROL", "TSİRAK" The names of the Trak Boy leaders are similar to Turkish personal names such as Sırak, Çırak, Şırak, Oral, Erol. "IL" The son of the legendary Troy, who laid the foundation of the city of Troy in the sources and is said to be the son of Dardan, also bore the name "Il". In Turkish, the word 'Il' means 'Il', and the lands where people live within the administrative and political union are known as 'Il/el'.
• 83:30 - 84:00 "DINIS": Dinis, a Thracian personal name, is of the same origin as the old Turkish personal names Deniz and Teniz. - "ARTAY" : Turkish Ertay/Ertey personal names.
• 84:00 - 84:30 "İTİL": Turkish personal names such as Edil/Yedil, Atıl/Atılgan, Atila/İtila. "AGİS": Turkish Agiş/Egiş "TAMİR": Turkish Temir/temur/demir "SUSAK": Turkish Suvsa (thirsty), Susgak (Water Dipper), (thirsty, by analogy with a wandering ladle, idle idiot, vagabond) " DEKENEY": Turkish Teveney, Timeney, Teney (means "to catch up, to achieve, to reach" in Chuvash dialect)
• 84:30 - 85:00 "TEREY": Turkologist NA Baskakov, this person's name is used to describe "tiri", which is used in Turkish languages ​​to mean "alive, lively, agile". "TIRİL": Turkish Tiril/diril (live, live), Tiri/Diri (Live, Life) -Erbol, Poyan /Boyan, Basar, Dober, Assa, Kizik, Belegin, Tapa/tepe, etc. Their names are also Turkish. Today, they are used in various Turkish dialects.
• 85:00 - 85:30 However, the limited number of words of Thracian origin restricts the research of descriptive words in the Thracian language. However, some of the vocabulary of the ancient Thracians and the Pelasgians of the same origin were transferred to the ancient Greek language in Ellada, that is, in Northern Greece. It allows
• 85:30 - 86:00 us to express a certain idea about the origin of this nation that lived before the Greeks . By researching this scientifically unresolved vocabulary, whose origins are considered uncertain by Western linguists, it has been revealed that a significant part of it is of Turkish origin. However , the Thracians, who lost their original language and culture as a result of complete assimilation in 1000 BC, are naturally of Indo-European origin. No nation
• 86:00 - 86:30 can preserve its language and culture in the same way for thousands of years. The minority has always been lost in the majority. This is the same for the Thracians, Pelasgians and Etruscans. However, a few words scientifically known to be of Turkish origin, dating back to the Pelasgians, Thracians and Etruscans, are still used today in the Greek language. Let's look at them: